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Original Articles

Road Running as a Designed Experience

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Pages 51-63 | Published online: 29 Apr 2015

Notes

  • According to the International Association of Athletics Federations (2009), road races are conducted in streets, avenues and roads with official distances ranging from 5 to 100 km.
  • AIMS. Association of International of Marathon and Distance Races. Marathon statistics. Retrieved December 24, 2009, from http://aimsworldrunning.org/statistics/World%27s_Largest_Marathons.html#2009
  • Daily basis runner is considered the one who practices this physical activity at least 3 times a week for 30 minute-length period.
  • Corpore. Estatísticas. Retrieved November 17, 2009, From http://www.corpore.org.br/cor_corpore_estatisticas.asp
  • Thomas Mitchell. Redefining designing: From form to experience. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1993.
  • Jodi Forlizzi, Carl Disalvo, Bruce Hanington. Emotion, experience and the design of new products. The Design Journal, v. 6, 2, 2003, p. 29–38; Karine Freire, Reflections upon the experience design concept. Strategic Design Research Journal, v. 2, 1, jan-jul 2009.
  • Morris Holbrook & Elizabeth Hirschman. The experiential aspects of consumption: consumer fantasy, feelings and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9, v. 2, 1992, p. 132–140.
  • Joseph Pine & James Gilmore, Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, 76, v. 4, 1998, p. 97–105.
  • Pine & Gilmore; Bernd Schmitt, Customer experience management. Hobokken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 1999.
  • Robert Lusch & Stephen Vargo, Service-dominant logic: reactions, reflections & refinements. Marketing Theory, 6, v. 3, 2006, p. 281–288.
  • Intrinsic motivation can be described as not focused on the rewards from some activity, but as consequence of its involvement and effort. Extrinsic motivation occurs when an activity is just a way to reach a goal, generating more tension and stress for its achievement. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi & Isabella Csikszentmihalyi (Eds, Optimal experience: psychological studies of flow in consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1988.
  • Madeleine Pullman & Michael Gross, Ability of experience design elements to elicit emotions and loyalty behaviour. Decision Sciences, 35, v. 3, 2004, p. 551.
  • Forlizzi et al, op cit; Paul Hekkert & Deanne McDonagh, Design and Emotion. The Design Journal, 6, v. 2, 2003, p.1–3.
  • Antonella Caru & Bernard Cova, How to facilitate immersion in a consumption experience: appropriation operations and service elements. Journal of Consumer Behavior, 5, 2006, p. 4–14.
  • Hillary McLellan, Experience design
  • It's important to highlight that the data was collected in two Brazilian cities (Porto Alegre and São Paulo) due to the size of São Paulo market for road running, as the city with the highest number of runners and running races in Latin America.
  • The biggest running training groups in the country, both located in São Paulo.
  • Mario Sergio Silva. Corra. São Paulo: Academia, 2009.
  • Caru and Cova, op cit.
  • Ibid.
  • Robert Stebbins, Amateurs, professionals and serious leisure. Montreal: Mc-Gill-Queen's University Press, 1992.
  • Richard Shipway & Ian Jones, The great suburban Everest: an ‘insiders’ perspective on experiences at the 2007 Flora London Marathon. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 13, v. 1, 2008, p. 71–77.
  • Bernard Cova, Robert Kozinets & Avi Shankar, Consumer tribes. Oxford: BH, 2007.

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