References
- Ary D, Jacobs LC, Sorensen C, Razavieh A. 2010. Introduction to research in education. Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
- Bachman L. 1991. Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bachman LF, Palmer AS. 1996. Language testing in practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Bridgeman B, Levis C. 1994. The relationship of essay and multiple-choice scores. Journal of Educational Measurement. 31(1): 37–50.
- Brown HD. 2007. The principles of language learning and teaching (5th ed.). New York: Pearson.
- Burton SJ, Merrill PF, Sudweeks RR, Wood B. 1991. How to prepare better multiple-choice test items: guidelines for university faculty. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University Testing Services and the Department of Instructional Science
- Farhadi H, Jafarpoor A, Birjandi P. 1994. Language skills testing from theory to practice. Tehran: SAMT.
- Fenna DS. 2004. Assessment of foundation knowledge: Are students confident in their ability?. European Journal of Engineering Education. 29(2): 307–313.
- Folse K. 2006. The effect of type of written exercise on L2 vocabulary retention. TESOL Quarterly. 40(2): 273–293.
- Hulstijn J, Laufer B. 2001. Some empirical evidence for the involvement load hypothesis in vocabulary acquisition. Language Learning. 51(3): 539–558.
- Karimi L. 2003. An introduction to morphology. Tehran: Golbaran Mehr.
- Kargozari HR, Ghaemi H. 2011. A reappraisal on written tasks types and vocabulary acquisition and retention of EFL learners. World Applied Sciences Journal. 12(10): 1653–1661.
- Madson HS. 1983. Techniques in testing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Martinez ME. 1999. Cognition and the question of test item format. Educational Psychologist. 34(4): 207–218.
- Mousavi SA. 1999. A dictionary of language testing (2nd ed.). Tehran: Rahnama.
- Nelson G. E. 1998. On-line Evaluation: Multiple choice, discussion questions, essay, and authentic projects: A paper presented at the Third Annual Teaching in the Community Colleges Online Conference, ‘Online Instruction: Trends and Issues II’. Kapiolani Community College, April 7–9. Retrieved from http://leahi.kcc.hawaii.edu/org/tcon98/paper/nelson.html
- Nunnally J. 1978. Psychometric theory. New York: McGrawhill.
- Palmer EJ, Devitt PG. 2007. Assessment of higher order cognitive skills in undergraduate education: modified essay or multiple-choice questions? Research paper. BMC Medical Education7:49. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-7-9.
- Reiner CM, Bothell TW, Sudweeks RR, Wood B. 2002. Preparing effective essay questions: a self-directed workbook for educators. Stillwater, Oklahoma: New Forums Press.
- Saeidi M, Soleimani M. 2009. Different learning levels in multiple-choice and essay tests: immediate and delayed retention. The Journal of Applied Linguistics. 2(4): 194–215.
- Sharifi HP. 2002. Psychometric principles (8th ed.) (in Persian). Tehran: Roshd Publication.
- Simkin MG, Kuechler WL. 2005. Multiple-choice tests and the student understanding: What is the connection?. Decision Science Journal of Innovative Education. 3(1): 73–97.
- Stalnaker J. M, 1951. The essay type of examination. In: EF Lindquist (ed.), Educational measurement. Menasha, Wisconsin: George Banta. pp. 495–530
- Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. 2007. Using multivariate statistics (5th ed.). New York: Allyn and Bacon.
- Vallette RM. 1977. Modern language testing (2nd ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.