TB/HIV-related training, knowledge and attitudes of community health workers in the Free State province, South Africa

References

• Agnarson AM, Masanja H, Ekström AM, Eriksen J, Tomson G, Thorson A. 2010. Challenges to ART scale-up in a rural district in Tanzania: stigma and distrust among Tanzanian health care workers, people living with HIV and community members. Tropical Medicine & International Health 15: 1000–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arthur GR, Ngatia G, Rachier C, Mutemi R, Odhiambo J, Gilks CF. 2005. The role for government health centers in provision of same-day voluntary HIV counseling and testing in Kenya. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 40: 329–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bemelmans M, Van den Akker T, Ford N, Philips M, Zachariah R, Harries A, Schouten E, Hermann K, Mwagomba B, Massaquoi M. 2010. Providing universal access to antiretroviral therapy in Thyolo, Malawi, through task shifting and decentralization of HIV/AIDS care. Tropical Medicine & International Health 15: 1413–1420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciampa PJ, Skinner SL, Patricio SR, Rothman RL, Vermund SH, Audet CM. 2012. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV among women in rural Mozambique: development and validation of the HIV knowledge 27 Scale. PLoS One 7: 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke M, Dick J, Lewin S. 2008. Community health workers in South Africa: where in this maze do we find ourselves? South African Medical Journal 98: 680–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramm JM, Nieboer AP. 2011. The relationship between (stigmatizing) views and lay public preferences regarding tuberculosis treatment in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. International Journal for Equity in Health 10:1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daftary A, Padayatchi N. 2012. Social constraints to TB/HIV healthcare: accounts from coinfected patients in South Africa. AIDS Care 24:1480–1486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daftary A, Padayatchi N, Padilla M. 2007. HIV testing and disclosure: a qualitative analysis of TB patients in South Africa. AIDS Care 19: 572–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniels K, Clarke M, Ringsberg KC. 2012. Developing lay health worker policy in South Africa: a qualitative study. Health Research Policy and Systems 10:8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Day C, Gray A. 2010. Health and related indicators. In: Health Systems Trust 2010. South African Health Review 2010. Durban, Health Systems Trust.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health. 2011. Ward based PHC outreach teams: Implementation toolkit. Pretoria: Department of Health. Available at http://www.cmt.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/PHC-OUTREACH-TEAM-Toolkit.pdf [accessed 15 October 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health. 2012. Human resources for health South Africa: HRH Strategy for the Health Sector: 2012/13–2016/17. Version 3, 20 January 2012. Available at http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/stratdocs/2012/hrhstrat.pdf [accessed 24 June 2012].
   Google Scholar
• De Wet K, Wouters E, Engelbrecht M. 2011. Exploring task-shifting practices in antiretroviral treatment facilities in the Free State Province, South Africa. Journal of Public Health Policy 32: S94–S101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dlamini PS, Kohi TW, Uys LR, Phetlhu RD, Chirwa ML, Naidoo JR, Holzemer WL, Greeff M, Makoae LN. 2007. Verbal and physical abuse and neglect as manifestations of HIV/AIDS stigma in five African countries. Public Health Nursing 24: 389–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evidence Review Team 1. 2012. Which community support activities improve the performance of community health workers? A review of the evidence and of expert opinion with recommendations for policy, practice and research. Available at http://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/ERT-1-Synthesis-Paper.pdf [accessed 22 September 2013].
   Google Scholar
• Feyissa GT, Abebe L, Girma E, Woldie M. 2012. Validation of an HIV-related stigma scale among health care providers in a resource-poor Ethiopian setting. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 5: 97–113.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Free State Department of Health. 2012. Tuberculosis databases. Available at http://www.fshealth.gov.za/pls/tb/tb_reg_main.show [accessed 17 June, 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Gebrekristos HT, Lurie MN, Mthethwa N, Abdool Karim Q. 2009. Disclosure of HIV status: experiences of patients enrolled in an integrated TB and HAART pilot programme in South Africa. African Journal of AIDS Research 8: 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilson L, Palmer N, Schneider H. 2005. Trust and health worker performance: exploring a conceptual framework using South African evidence. Social Science & Medicine 61:1418–1429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GHWA (Global Health Workforce Alliance), WHO (World Health Organization). 2010. Global experience of community health workers for delivery of health related Millennium Development Goals: A systematic review, country case studies, and recommendations for integration into national health systems. Available at http://www.who.int/workforcealliance/knowledge/resources/chwreport/en/ [accessed 22 September 2013].
   Google Scholar
• Health and Welfare Sector Education and Training Authority. 2007. Curriculum Document. Curriculum Code 325301-001. Available at http://www.saqa.org.za/docs/qcto/comments/chw_curriculum.pdf [accessed 13 November 2013].
   Google Scholar
• Hermann K, Van Damme W, George W, Schouten E, Assefa Y, Cirera A, Massavon W. 2009. Community health workers for ART in sub-Saharan Africa: learning from experience — capitalizing on new opportunities. Human Resources for Health 7:31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS). 2000. Tools for evaluating HIV voluntary counselling and testing. Geneva: UNAIDS.
   Google Scholar
• Joseph JK, Rigodon J, Cancedda C, Haidar M, Lesia N, Ramanagoela L, Furin J. 2012. Lay health workers and HIV care in rural Lesotho: a report from the field. AIDS Patient Care and STDs 26: 141–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalyango JN, Rutebemberwa E, Alfven T, Ssali S, Peterson S, Karamagi C. 2012. Performance of community health workers under integrated community case management of childhood illnesses in eastern Uganda. Malaria Journal 11: 282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawakatsu Y, Sugishita T, Kioko J, Ishimura A, Honda S. 2012. Factors influencing the performance of community health workers in Kisumu West, Kenya. Primary Health Care Research & Development 13: 294–300.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kigozi NG, Heunis JC, Van den Berg HS. 2011. Tuberculosis patients’ perspectives on HIV counselling by lay counsellors vis-à-vis counselling rendered by nurses: an exploratory study in two districts of the Free State Province, South Africa. Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 13: 71–80.
   Google Scholar
• Kipp AM, Pungrassami P, Stewart PW, Chongsuvivatwong V, Strauss RP, Van Rie A. 2011. Study of tuberculosis and AIDS stigma as barriers to tuberculosis treatment adherence using validated stigma scales. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 15: 1540–1545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Languza N, Lushaba T, Magingxa N, Masuku M, Ngubo T, Haynes R, Hunter J, Jassat W. 2012. Community health workers: HST experience. Available at http://www.hst.org.za/sites/default/files/CHWs_HSTexp022011.pdf [accessed 27 October 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Mall S, Sorsdahl K, Swartz L, Joska J. 2012. “I understand just a little…” Perspectives of HIV/AIDS service providers in South Africa of providing mental health care for people living with HIV/ AIDS. AIDS Care 24: 319–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mkwanazi NB, Patel D, Newell M-L, Rollins NC, Coutsoudis A, Coovadia HM, Bland RM. 2008. Rapid testing may not improve uptake of HIV testing and same day results in a rural South African community: a cohort study of 12,000 women. PLoS One 3: e3501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller V, Erstad I, Cramm JM, Nieboer AP, Finkenflugel H, Radloff S, Ndoro T, Kwizera SA. 2011. Delays in presenting for tuberculosis treatment associated with fear of learning one is HIV-positive. African Journal of AIDS Research 10: 25–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naidoo JR, Uys LR, Greeff M, Holzemer WL, Makoae L, Dlamini P, Phetlhu RD, Chirwa M, Kohi T. 2007. Urban and rural differences in HIV/AIDS stigma in five African countries. African Journal of AIDS Research 6: 17–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltzer K, Davids A. 2011. Lay counsellors’ experiences of delivering HIV counselling services in public health facilities in an Eastern Cape Province district of South Africa. Journal of Psychology in Africa 21: 53–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pillay Y. 2012. PHC re-engineering in South Africa: are we making progress? Available at www.phasa.org.za/.../phc-re-engineering-in-south-africa-are-we-making-progress.html [accessed 6 September 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Pillay Y, Barron P. 2011. The implementation of PHC re-engineering in South Africa. Available at http://www.phasa.org.za/articles/the-implementation-of-phc-re-engineering-in-south-africa.html [accessed 4 June 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Rennert W, Koop E. 2009. Primary health care for remote village communities in Honduras: a model for training and support of community health workers. Family Medicine 41: 646–651.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe SY, Olewe MA, Kleinbaum DG, McGowan JE, McFarland DA, Rochat R, Deming MS. 2007. Longitudinal analysis of community health workers’ adherence to treatment guidelines, Siaya, Kenya, 1997–2002. Tropical Medicine & International Health 12: 651–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaay N, Sanders D, Kruger V. 2011. Overview of health sector reforms in South Africa. London: Department for International Department. Available at www.sarrahsouthafrica.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket...tabid=2321 [accessed 15 October 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Uwimana J, Zarowsky C, Hausler H, Jackson D. 2012. Training community care workers to provide comprehensive TB/HIV/ PMTCT integrated care in KwaZulu-Natal: lessons learnt. Tropical Medicine & International Health 17: 488–496.
   Google Scholar
• Walsh A, Ndubani P, Simbaya J, Dicker P, Brug R. 2010. Task sharing in Zambia: HIV service scale-up compounds the human resource crisis. BMC Health Services Research 10: 272.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organization). 2007. Community health workers: What do we know about them? The state of the evidence on programmes, activities, costs and impact on health outcomes of using community health workers. Geneva: WHO. Available at http://www.who.int/healthsystems/round9_7.pdf [accessed 18 October 2012].
   Google Scholar
• WHO (World Health Organization). 2008. Task shifting: rational redistribution of tasks among health workforce teams: global recommendations and guidelines. Available at http://www.who.int/healthsystems/TTR-TaskShifting.pdf [accessed 16 June 2012].
   Google Scholar
• Zachariah R, Ford N, Philips M, Lynch S, Massaquoi M, Janssens V, Harries AD. 2009. Task shifting in HIV/AIDS: opportunities, challenges and proposed actions for sub-Saharan Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 103: 549–558.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeits PS, Harrison LH, López M, Cornale G. 1993. Community health worker competency in managing acute respiratory infections of childhood in Bolivia. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization 27: 109–119.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zelaya CE, Sivaram S, Johnson SC, Srikrishnan AK, Suniti S, Celentano DD. 2012. Measurement of self, experienced, and perceived HIV/AIDS stigma using parallel scales in Chennai, India. AIDS Care 24: 846–855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar