142
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and thoughts of suicide/self-injury in adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Botswana

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 54-62 | Received 01 Oct 2022, Accepted 01 Feb 2023, Published online: 28 Apr 2023

References

  • Ashaba, S., Cooper-Vince, C., Maling, S., Rukundo, G. Z., Akena, D., & Tsai, A. C. (2018). Internalized HIV stigma, bullying, major depressive disorder, and high-risk suicidality among HIV-positive adolescents in rural Uganda. Global Mental Health, 5, e22. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2018.15
  • Bankole, K. O., Bakare, M. O., Edet, B. E., Igwe, M. N., Ewa, A. U., Bankole, I. A., & Olose, E. E. (2017). Psychological complications associated with HIV/AIDS infection among children in South-South Nigeria, sub-Saharan Africa. Cogent Medicine, 4(1), 1372869. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2017.1372869
  • Benton, T. D., Ng, W. Y. K., Leung, D., Canetti, A., & Karnik, N. (2019). Depression among youth living with HIV/AIDS. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 28(3), 447–459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2019.02.014
  • Bere, T., Nyamayaro, P., Magidson, J. F., Chibanda, D., Chingono, A., Munjoma, R., Macpherson, K., Ndhlovu, C. E., O’Cleirigh, C., Kidia, K., Safren, S. A., & Abas, M. (2017). Cultural adaptation of a cognitive-behavioural intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe: Nzira Itsva. Journal of Health Psychology, 22(10), 1265–1276. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315626783
  • Chaiton, M., Contreras, G., Brunet, J., Sabiston, C. M., O’Loughlin, E., Low, N. C. P., Karp, I., Barnett, T. A., & O’Loughlin, J. (2013). Heterogeneity of depressive symptom trajectories through adolescence: Predicting outcomes in young adulthood. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 22(2), 96–105. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23667355
  • Cholera, R., Gaynes, B. N., Pence, B. W., Bassett, J., Qangule, N., Macphail, C., Bernhardt, S., Pettifor, A., & Miller, W. C. (2014). Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to screen for depression in a high-HIV burden primary healthcare clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. Journal of Affective Disorders, 167, 160–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.06.003
  • Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., Lassi, Z. S., Khan, M. N., Mahmood, W., Patel, V., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2016). Interventions for adolescent mental health: An overview of systematic reviews. Journal of Adolescent Health, 59(4s), S49–S60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.020
  • Dessauvagie, A. S., Jörns-Presentati, A., Napp, A.-K., Stein, D., Jonker, D., Breet, E., Charles, W., Swart, R. L., Lahti, M., Suliman, S., Jansen, R., van den Heuvel, L. L., Seedat, S., & Groen, G. (2020). The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents living with HIV: a systematic review. Global Mental Health, 7, e29. https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2020.18
  • Fernández, R. S., Crivelli, L., Guimet, N. M., Allegri, R. F., Picco, S., & Pedreira, M. E. (2022). Psychological distress and mental health trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina: a longitudinal study. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 5632. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-09663-2
  • Galagali, P. M., & Brooks, M. J. (2020). Psychological care in low-resource settings for adolescents. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25(3), 698–711. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104520929741
  • Gupta, R., Dandu, M., Packel, L. J., Rutherford, G. W., Leiter, K., Phaladze, N. A., Korte, F. P., Iacopino, V., & Weiser, S. D. (2010). Depression and HIV in Botswana: A population-based study on gender-specific socioeconomic and behavioral correlates. PloS One, 5, e14252. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014252
  • Jörns-Presentati, A., Napp, A. K., Dessauvagie, A. S., Stein, D. J., Jonker, D., Breet, E., Charles, W., Swart, R. L., Lahti, M., Suliman, S., Jansen, R., van den Heuvel, L. L., Seedat, S., & Groen, G. (2021). The prevalence of mental health problems in sub-Saharan adolescents: A systematic review. PloS One, 16(5), e0251689. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251689
  • Kalin, N. H. (2020). The critical relationship between anxiety and depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 177(5), 365–367. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20030305
  • Kemigisha, E., Zanoni, B., Bruce, K., Menjivar, R., Kadengye, D., Atwine, D., & Rukundo, G. Z. (2019). Prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in South Western Uganda. AIDS Care, 31(10), 1297–1303. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2019.1566511
  • Keum, B. T., Miller, M. J., & Inkelas, K. K. (2018). Testing the factor structure and measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 across racially diverse U.S. college students. Psychol Assess, 30(8), 1096–1106. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000550
  • Korb, I., & Plattner, I. E. (2014). Suicide ideation and depression in university students in Botswana. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 24(5), 420–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2014.997010
  • Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. (2001). The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 16(9), 606–613. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
  • Lawler, K., Mosepele, M., Seloilwe, E., Ratcliffe, S., Steele, K., Nthobatsang, R., & Steenhoff, A. (2011). Depression among HIV-positive individuals in Botswana: a behavioral surveillance. AIDS and Behavior, 15(1), 204–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-009-9622-2
  • Lopez-Candales, A., Hernández Burgos, P. M., Hernandez-Suarez, D. F., & Harris, D. (2017). Linking chronic inflammation with cardiovascular disease: From normal aging to the metabolic syndrome. Journal of Nature and Science, 3(4), e341. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28670620
  • Löwe, B., Decker, O., Müller, S., Brähler, E., Schellberg, D., Herzog, W., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2008). Validation and standardization of the generalized anxiety disorder screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Medical Care, 46(3), 266–274. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e318160d093
  • Lowenthal, E., Lawler, K., Harari, N., Moamogwe, L., Masunge, J., Masedi, M., Matome, B., Seloilwe, E., & Gross, R. (2012). Rapid psychosocial function screening test identified treatment failure in HIV+ African youth. AIDS Care, 24(6), 722–727. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2011.644233
  • Mellins, C. A., & Malee, K. M. (2013). Understanding the mental health of youth living with perinatal HIV infection: lessons learned and current challenges. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 16(1), 18593. https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.16.1.18593
  • Mossman, S. A., Luft, M. J., Schroeder, H. K., Varney, S. T., Fleck, D. E., Barzman, D. H., Gilman, R., DelBello, M. P. & Strawn, J. R. (2017). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale in adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder: Signal detection and validation. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 29(4), 227–234A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc5765270/
  • Musisi, S., & Kinyanda, E. (2009). Emotional and behavioural disorders in HIV seropositive adolescents in urban Uganda. East African Medical Journal, 86(1), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v86i1.46923
  • Namuli, J. D., Nalugya, J. S., Bangirana, P., & Nakimuli-Mpungu, E. (2021). Prevalence and factors associated with suicidal ideation among children and adolescents attending a pediatric HIV clinic in Uganda. Frontiers in Sociology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2021.656739
  • Olashore, A. A., Brooks, W., Roy, H. Adebayo, F. A., & Chiliza, B. (2022) Psychiatric disorders and associated risk factors in a sample of adolescents in Gaborone, Botswana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics, 22, 381. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03435-7
  • Olashore, A. A, Frank-Hatitchki, B., & Ogunwobi, O. (2017). Diagnostic profiles and predictors of treatment outcome among children and adolescents attending a national psychiatric hospital in Botswana. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 11, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-017-0144-9
  • Olashore, A. A., Paruk, S., Akanni, O. O., Tomita, A., & Chiliza, B. (2021). Psychiatric disorders in adolescents living with HIV and association with antiretroviral therapy adherence in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS Behavior, 25(6), 1711–1728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-03100-z
  • Porche, D., & Giorgianni, S. J., Jr. (2020). The crisis in male mental health: A call to action. American Journal of Men’s Health, 14(4), 1557988320936504. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988320936504
  • Remien, R. H., Stirratt, M. J., Nguyen, N., Robbins, R. N., Pala, A. N., & Mellins C. A. (2019) Mental health and HIV/AIDS: the need for an integrated response. AIDS, 33(9), 1411–1420. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002227
  • Republic of Botswana. (2016a). Handbook of the Botswana 2016 integrated HIV clinical care guidelines. https://www.moh.gov.bw/Publications/Handbook_HIV_treatment_guidelines.pdf
  • Republic of Botswana. (2016b). Second Botswana Youth Risk Behavioural and Biological Surveillance Survey Report.
  • Republic of Botswana. (2021). Botswana AIDS Impact Survey V.
  • Rukundo, G. Z., Mpango, R. S., Ssembajjwe, W., Gadow, K. D., Patel, V., & Kinyanda, E. (2020). Prevalence and risk factors for youth suicidality among perinatally infected youths living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda: the CHAKA study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 14(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-020-00348-0
  • Sheehan, D. V., Lecrubier, Y., Sheehan, K. H., Amorim, P., Janavs, J., Weiller, E., Hergueta, T., Baker, R., & Dunbar, G. C. (1998). The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 59(Suppl 20), 22–33.
  • Sherr, L., Cluver, L. D., Toska, E., & He, E. (2018). Differing psychological vulnerabilities among behaviourally and perinatally HIV infected adolescents in South Africa – implications for targeted health service provision*. AIDS Care, 30(Supp2), 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2018.1476664
  • Shore, L., Toumbourou, J. W., Lewis, A. J., & Kremer, P. (2018). Review: Longitudinal trajectories of child and adolescent depressive symptoms and their predictors – a systematic review and meta-analysis. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 23(2), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12220
  • Silverstein, D. M. (2009). Inflammation in chronic kidney disease: role in the progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. Pediatric Nephrology, 24(8), 1445–1452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-008-1046-0
  • Skovlund, C. W., Mørch, L. S., Kessing, L. V., & Lidegaard, Ø. (2016). Association of hormonal contraception with depression. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(11), 1154–1162. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2387
  • Slogrove, A. L., & Sohn, A. H. (2018). The global epidemiology of adolescents living with HIV: time for more granular data to improve adolescent health outcomes. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 13(3), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1097/COH.0000000000000449
  • Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B. W., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092–1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  • Tommasello, A. C., Gillis, L. M., Lawler, J. T., & Bujak, G. (2006). Characteristics of homeless HIV-positive outreach responders in urban US and their success in primary care treatment. AIDS Care, 18, 911–917. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540120500331297
  • Too, E. K., Abubakar, A., Nasambu, C., Koot, H. M., Cuijpers, P., Newton, C. R., & Nyongesa, M. K. (2021). Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 24(Suppl 2), e25705. https://doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25705
  • UNICEF. (n.d.). Mental Health. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-health/mental-health/
  • Ussery, F., Bachanas, P., Alwano, M. G., Lebelonyane, R., Block, L., Wirth, K., Ussery, G., Sento, B., Gaolathe, T., Kadima, E., Abrams, W., Segolodi, T., Hader, S., Lockman, S., & Moore, J. (2022). HIV incidence in Botswana rural communities with high antiretroviral treatment coverage: results from the Botswana Combination Prevention Project, 2013–2017. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 91(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000003017
  • Woollett, N., Cluver, L., Bandeira, M., & Brahmbhatt, H. (2017). Identifying risks for mental health problems in HIV positive adolescents accessing HIV treatment in Johannesburg. Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 29(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.2989/17280583.2017.1283320
  • World Health Organization. (2019). The Global Health Observatory: age-standardized suicide rates. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/age-standardized-suicide-rates-(per-100-000-population)
  • World Health Organization. (2021). Mental health of adolescents. WHO. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-mental-health#:~:text=Globally2C20one20in20seven2010-19-year-olds20experiences20a20mental,fourth20leading20cause20of20death20among2015-19%20year-olds.?msclkid=b797f270b1ae11ecaffaf281f06bdcb2
  • World Health Organization. (n.d.). The Global Health Observatory: Adolescent Mortality Rate (per 100 000 population). https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/adolescent-mortality-rate-(per-100-000-population)
  • Xu, X., Mishra, G. D., & Jones, M. (2019). Trajectories of mental health symptoms for women in their 20s predict the onset of chronic physical conditions in their 30s: Two decades of follow-up of young Australian women. Journal of Affective Disorders, 246, 394–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.106
  • Yang, E., Mphele, S. B. M., Moshashane, N., Bula, B., Chapman, J., Okatch, H., Pettitt, E., Tshume, O., Marukutira, T., Anabwani, G., & Lowenthal, E. (2018). Distinctive barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among non-adherent adolescents living with HIV in Botswana. AIDS Care, 30, 224–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2017.1344767
  • Yemeke, T. T., Sikkema, K. J., Watt, M. H., Ciya, N., Robertson, C., & Joska, J. A. (2020). Screening for traumatic experiences and mental health distress among women in HIV care in Cape Town, South Africa. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(21-22), 4842–4862. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517718186

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.