References
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- Gramming P, Sundberg J. Spectrum factors relevant to phonetogram measurement. STL-QPSR 1987; 2–3: 39–61
- Gramming P, Sundberg J, Ternström S, Leandersson R, Perkins W H. Relationship between changes in voice pitch and loudness. J Voice, in press
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- Gramming P, Gauffin J, Sundberg J. An attempt to improve the clinical usefulness of phoneto grams. J Phonetics 1986; 14: 421–7
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- Pitch: high, slightly raised, normal, slightly lowered, low
- Voice breaks: several, some, none
- Function: highly hyperfunctional, hyperfunctional, normal, hypofunctional
- Hard glottal attacks: several, some, negligible, none
- Hyperfunctional vocal fry: frequent, moderate, none
- Hypofunctional vocal fry: frequent, moderate, none
- Roughness: severe, moderate, negligible, none
- Breathiness (leakage): severe, moderate, negligible, none
- Sonority: lack of, slight lack of, normal, sonorous