Memory related role of the posterior cholinergic system

References

• Aigner T., Mitchell S., Aggleton J., DeLong M., Struble R., Price D., Mishkin M. Effects of scopolamine and physostigmine on recognition memory in monkeys after ibotenic acid injections into the area of the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Alzheimer's disease: Advances in basic research and therapies, R. J. Wurtman, S. H. Corkin, J. H. Crowden. Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust. 1984; 429
   Google Scholar
• Alexinsky T., Chapouthier G. A new behavioral model for studying delayed response in rats. Behavioral Biology 1978; 24: 442–456
   Google Scholar
• Alzheimer A. Über eine eigenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde. Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie 1907; 64: 146–148
   Google Scholar
• Alzheimer A. Über eigenartige Krankheitsfälle des späteren Alters. Zeitschrift für die gesamte Neurologie und Psychiatrie 1911; 4: 356–385
   Google Scholar
• Arendt T., Bigl V., Arendt A., Tennstedt A. Loss of neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Alzheimer's disease, paralysis agitans and Korsakoff's disease. Acta Neuropathologica 1983; 61: 101–108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bammer G. Pharmacological investigations of neurotransmitter involvement in passive avoidance responding: a review and some new results. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 1982; 6: 247–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartus R. T., Johnson H. R. Short-term memory in the rhesus monkey: disruption from the anticholinergic scopolamine. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1976; 5: 39–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bigl V., Woolf N. J., Butcher L. L. Cholinergic projections from the basal forebrain to frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and cingulate cortices: A combined fluorescent tracer and acetylcholinesterase analysis. Brain Research Bulletin 1892; 8: 727–749
   Google Scholar
• Bird T. D., Stranahan S., Sumi S. M., Raskind M. Alzheimer's disease: Choline acetyltransferase activity in brain tissue from clinical and pathological subgroups. Annals of Neurology 1983; 14: 284–293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondareff W., Mountjoy C. Q., Roth M. Loss of neurons of origin of the adrenergic projection to cerebral cortex (nucleus locus coeruleus) in senile dementia. Neurology 1982; 32: 164–168
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowen D. M. Alzheimer's disease. The molecular basis of neuropathology, A. N. Davidson, R. H. S. Thompson. Arnold, London 1981; 649–665
   Google Scholar
• Bowen D. M., Davidson A. N., Sims N. R. The cholinergic system in the ageing brain and dementia. Aging of the brain (Aging, Vol. 22), D. Samuel, S. Algeri, S. Gershon, V. E. Grimm, G. Toffano. Raven Press, New York 1983; 183–190
   Google Scholar
• Buttlar-Brentano K. von Pathohistologische Feststellungen am Basalkern Schizophrener. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 1952; 116: 646–653
   Google Scholar
• Candy J. M, Perry R. H., Perry E. K., Irving D., Blessed G., Fairbairn A. F., Tomlinson B. E. Pathological changes in the nucleus of Meynert in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 1983; 59: 277–289
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyle J. T., Price D. L., DeLong M. R. Alzheimer's disease: A disorder of cortical cholinergic innervation. Science 1983; 219: 1184–1190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis K. L., Mohs R. C., Tinklenberg R. J., Pfefferbaum A., Hollister L. E., Kopell B. S. Physostigmine: improvement of long-term memory process in normal humans. Science 1978; 201: 272–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis K. L., Yamamura H. I. Cholinergic underactivity in human memory disorders. Life Sciences 1978; 23: 1729–1734
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Divac I. Magnocellular nuclei of the basal forebrain project to neocortex, brainstem, and olfactory bulb. Brain Research 1975; 93: 385–398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drachman D. D. Memory and cognitive function in man: Does the cholinergic system have a specific role. Neurology 1977; 27: 783–790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fibiger H. C. The organization and some projections of cholinergic neurons of the mammalian forebrain. Brain Research Reviews 1982; 4: 327–388
   Google Scholar
• Flicker C., Dean R. L., Watkins D. L., Fisher S. K., Bartus R. T. Behavioral and neurochemical effects following neurotoxic lesions of a major cholinergic input to the cerebral cortex in the rat. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1983; 18: 973–981
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flood J. F., Smith G. E., Cherkin A. Memory retention: effect of prolonged cholinergic stimulation in mice. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1984; 20: 161–163
   Google Scholar
• Friedman E., Lerre B., Kuster J. Loss of cholinergic neurons in the rat neocortex produces deficits in passive avoidance learning. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior 1983; 19: 309–312
   Google Scholar
• Gray J. A., McNaughton N. Comparison between the behavioural effects of septal and hippocampal lesions: a review. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 1983; 7: 119–188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guldin W. O., Markowitsch H. J. No detectable remote lesions following massive intrastriatal injections of ibotenic acid. Brain Research 1981; 225: 446–451
   Google Scholar
• Guldin W. O., Markowitsch H. J. Epidural kainate, but not ibotenate, produces lesions in local and distant regions of the brain: A comparison of the intracerebral actions of kainic acid and ibotenic acid. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 1982; 5: 83–93
   Google Scholar
• Hanin I. AF64A (ethylcholine aziridium): a review of its biological effects. Alzheimer's disease: Advances in basic research and therapies, R. J. Wurtman, S. H. Corkin, J. H. Growden. Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust. 1984; 445
   Google Scholar
• Hedreen J. C., Struble R. G., Whitehouse P. J., Price D. L. Topography of the magnocellular basal forebrain system in human brain. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 1984; 43: 1–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henke H., Lang W. Cholinergic enzymes in neocortex, hippocampus and basal forebrain of non-neurological and senile dementia of Alzheimer-type patients. Brain Research 1983; 267: 281–291
   Google Scholar
• Hyman B. T., Van Hoesen G. W., Damasio A. R., Barnes C. L. Alzheimer's disease: Cell-specific pathology isolates the hippocampal formation. Science 1984; 225: 1168–1170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irle E., Markowitsch H. J. The prefrontal cortex of a prosimian (Galago senegalensis) is reached by efferent neurons originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert. Brain Research Bulletin 1984a; 12: 283–293
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Irle E., Markowitsch H. J. Basal forebrain efferents reach the whole cerebral cortex of the cat. Brain Research Bulletin 1984b; 12: 493–512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johns C. A., Haroutunian V., Davis B. M., Horvath T. B., Mohs R. C., Davis K. L. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease and animal models. Alzheimer's disease: Advances in basic research and therapies, R. J. Wurtman, S. H. Corkin, J. H. Growden. Center for Brain Sciences and Metabolism Charitable Trust. 1984; 349–373
   Google Scholar
• Kaye W. H., Sitaram N., Weingartner H., Ebert M. H., Smallberg S., Gillin J. C. Modest facilitation of memory in dementia with combined lecithin and anticholinesterase treatment. Biological Psychiatry 1982; 17: 275–280
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kessler J., Markowitsch H. J. Perseverative effects of parabrachial lesions: A mechanism of reduced activation. Behavioral and Neural Biology 1983; 39: 40–51
   Google Scholar
• Kessler J., Markowitsch H. J., Otto B. Subtle but distinct impairment of rats with chemical lesions in the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus, tested in a radial arm maze. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 1982; 96: 712–720
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimura H., McGeer P. L., Peng F., McGeer E. G. Choline acetyltransferase-containing neurons in rodent brain demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Science 1980; 208: 1057–1059
   Google Scholar
• Krauth J. The interpretation of significance tests for independent and dependent samples. Journal of Neuroscience Methods 1983; 9: 269–281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam F. C., Longnecker M. T. A modified Wilcoxon rank sum test for paired data. Biometrika 1983; 70: 510–513
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamarca M. V., Fibiger H. C. Deoxyglucose uptake and choline acetyltransferase activity in cerebral cortex following lesions of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Brain Research 1984; 307: 366–369
   Google Scholar
• Lasiter P. S., Glanzman D. L. Axon collaterals of pontine taste area neurons project to the posterior ventromedial nucleus and to the gustatory neocortex. Brain Research 1983; 258: 299–304
   Google Scholar
• Lasiter P. S., Glanzman D. L., Mensah P. A. Direct connectivity between pontine taste areas and gustatory neocortex in rat. Brain Research 1982; 234: 211–221
   Google Scholar
• Leger L., Sakai K., Touret M., Salvert T., Jouvet M. M. Mise en évidence par la technique de peroxydase de projections entre le tegmentum ponto-mésencephalique et le cortex visuel chez le chat. Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'academie des Sciences (Série D) 1975; 281: 1159–1162
   Google Scholar
• Mann D. M. A., Yates P. O., Marcyniuk B. A comparison of changes in the nucleus basalis and locus caeruleus in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1984; 47: 201–203
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markowitsch H. J. The thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and memory: A critical evaluation of studies in animals and man. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 1982; 6: 351–380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markowitsch H. J., Irle E. Widespread cortical projections of the ventral tegmental area and of other brain stem structures in the cat. Experimental Brain Research 1981; 41: 233–246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markowitsch H. J., Pritzel M. Comparative analysis of perfrontal learning functions in rats, cats, and monkeys. Psychological Bulletin 1977; 84: 817–837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayo W., Dubois B., Ploska A., Javoy-Agid F., Agid Y., Le Moal M., Simon H. Cortical cholinergic projections from the basal forebrain of the rat, with special reference to the prefrontal cortex innervation. Neuroscience Letters 1984; 47: 149–154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGeer P. L., McGeer E. G., Suzuki J., Dolman C. E., Nagai T. Aging, Alzheimer's disease, and the cholinergic system of the basal forebrain. Neurology 1984; 34: 741–745
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinney M., Coyle J. T., Hedreen J. C. Topographic analysis of the innervation of the rat neocortex and hippocampus by the basal forebrain cholinergic system. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1983; 217: 103–121
   Google Scholar
• Mesulam M. -M. Principles of horseradish peroxidase neurohistochemistry and their applications for tracing neural pathways—axonal transport, enzyme histochemistry and light microscopic analysis. Tracing neural connections with horseradish peroxidase, M. -M. Mesulam. Wiley, Chichester 1982; 1–151
   Google Scholar
• Mesulam M. -M., Mufson E. J., Levey A. I., Wainer B. H. Cholinergic innervation of cortex by the basal forebrain: Cytochemistry and cortical connections of the septal area, diagonal band nuclei, nucleus basalis (substantia innominata), and hypothalamus in the rhesus monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1983a; 214: 170–197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mesulam M. -M., Mufson E. J., Levey A. I., Wainer B. H. Atlas of cholinergic neurons in the forebrain and upper brainstem of the Macaque based on monoclonal choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry. Neuroscience 1984, in press
   Google Scholar
• Mesulam M. -M., Mufson E. J., Wainer B. H., Levey A. I. Central cholinergic pathways in the rat: An overview based on an alternative nomenclature (Ch1-Ch6). Neuroscience 1983b; 11: 1185–1201
   Google Scholar
• Mountjoy C. Q., Rossor M. N., Iversen L. L., Roth M. Correlation of cortical cholinergic and GABA deficits with quantitative neuropathological findings in senile dementia. Brain 1984; 107: 507–518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mufson E. J., Levey A., Wainer B., Mesulam M. -M. Cholinergic projections from the mesencephalic tegmentum to neocortex in rhesus monkey. Society of Neuroscience Abstracts 1982; 8: 135
   Google Scholar
• Muramoto O., Sugishita M., Ando K. Cholinergic system and constructional praxis: a further study of physostigmine in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1984; 47: 485–491
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakano I., Hirano A. Neuton loss in the nucleus basalis of Meynert in Parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam. Annals of Neurology 1983; 13: 87–91
   Google Scholar
• Paxinos G., Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates. Academic Press, Sydney 1982
   Google Scholar
• Pearson R. C. A., Gatter K. C., Brodal P., Powell T. P. S. The projection of the basal nucleus of Meynert upon the neocortex in the monkey. Brain Research 1983; 259: 132–136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pellegrino L. J., Pellegrino A. S., Cushman A. J. A stereotaxic atlas of the rat brain. Plenum Press, New York 1979
   Google Scholar
• Perry E. K., Tomlinson B. E., Blessed G., Bergmann K., Gibson P. H., Perry R. H. Correlation of cholinergic abnormalities with senile plaques and mental test scores in senile dementia. British Medical Journal 1978; 2: 1457–1459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohl W. Dissociation of spatial discrimination deficits following frontal and parietal lesions in monkeys. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 1973; 82: 227–239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pontecorvo M. J. Fifth international conference on the dynamics of cholinergic function. Neurobiology of Aging 1983; 4: 243–246
   Google Scholar
• Price D. L., Whitehouse P. J., Struble R. G., Clark A. W., Coyle J. T., DeLong M. R., Hedreen J. C. Basal forebrain cholinergic systems in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Neuroscience Commentaries 1982; 1: 84–92
   Google Scholar
• Rauch S. L., Raskin L. A. Cholinergic mediation of spatial memory in the preweanling rat: application of the radial arm maze paradigm. Behavioral Neuroscience 1984; 98: 35–43
   Google Scholar
• Ridley R. D., Bowes P. M., Baker H. F., Crow T. J. An involvement of acetylcholine in object discrimination learinng and memory in the marmoset. Neuropsychologia 1984; 22: 253–263
   Google Scholar
• Salamone J. D., Beart P. M., Alpert J. E., Iversen S. D. Impairment in T-maze reinforced alternation performance following nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesions in rats. Behavioural Brain Research 1984; 13: 63–70
   Google Scholar
• Saper C. B. Organization of cerebral cortical afferent systems in the rat. II. Magnocellular basal nucleus. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1984; 222: 313–342
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Saper L. B., Loewy A. D. Efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. Brain Research 1980; 197: 291–317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satoh K., Armstrong D. M., Fibiger H. C. A comparison of the distribution of central cholinergic neurons as demonstrated by acetylcholinesterase pharmacohistochemistry and choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry. Brain Research Bulletin 1983; 11: 693–720
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sinnamon H. M., Freniere S., Kootz J. Rat hippocampus and memory for places of changing significance. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology 1978; 92: 142–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens J. R. Pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Clinical Neuropharmacology 1983; 92: 142–155
   Google Scholar
• Tagliavini F., Pilleri G. Basal nucleus of Meynert: A neuropathological study in Alzheimer's disease, simple senile dementia, Pick's disease and Huntington chorea. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 1983; 62: 243–260
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Terry R. D., Katzman R. Senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Annals of Neurology 1983; 14: 497–506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson R. Abnormal learning and forgetting of individual spatial reversal problems in braindamaged rats. Physiological Psychology 1983; 11: 35–46
   Google Scholar
• Tomlinson B. E., Irving D., Blessed G. Cell loss in the locus coeruleus in senile dementia of Alzheimer type. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 1981; 49: 419–428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tupper D. E., Wallace R. B. Utility of the neurological examination in rats. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 1980; 40: 999–1003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wainer B. H., Levey A. I., Mufson E. J., Mesulam M. -M. Cholinergic systems in mammalian brain identified with antibodies against choline acetyltransferase. Neurochemistry International 1984; 6: 163–182
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wenk G. L., Olton D. S. Recovery of neocortical choline acetyltransferase activity following ibotenic acid injection into the nucleus basalis of Meynert in rats. Brain Research 1984; 293: 184–186
   Google Scholar
• Wenk H., Bigl V., Meyer U. Cholinergic projections from magnocellular nuclei of the basal forebrain to cortical areas in rats. Brain Research Reviews 1980; 2: 295–316
   Google Scholar
• Whitehouse P. J., Hedreen J. C., White C. L., III, Price D. L. Basal forebrain neurons in the dementia of Parkinson disease. Annals of Neurology 1983; 13: 243–248
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehouse P. J., Price D. L., Clark A. W., Coyle T. J., DeLong M. R. Alzheimer's disease: Evidence for selective loss of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis. Annals of Neurology 1981; 10: 122–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehouse P. J., Price D. L., Struble R. G., Clark A. W., Coyle J. T., DeLong M. R. Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia: Loss of neurons in the basal forebrain. Science 1982; 215: 1237–1239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcock G. K., Esiri M. M., Bowen D. M., Smith C. C. T. The nucleus basalis in Alzheimer's disease: cell counts and cortical biochemistry. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 1983; 9: 175–179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson R. S., Bacon L. D., Fox J. H., Kaszniak A. W. Primary memory and secondary memory in dementia of the Alzheimer type. Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology 1983; 5: 337–344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woolf N. J., Butcher L. L. Cholinergic projections to the basolateral amygdala: A combined Evans blue and acetylcholinesterase analysis. Brain Research Bulletin 1982; 8: 751–763
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yates C. M., Simpson J., Gordon A., Maloney A. F. J., Allison Y., Ritchie I. M., Urquhart A. Catecholamines and cholinergic enzymes in pre-senile and senile Alzheimer-type dementia and Down's syndrome. Brain Research 1983; 280: 119–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar