References
- Pasha SF, Hara AK, Leighton JA. Diagnostic evaluation and management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: a changing paradigm. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY). 2009;5:839–850.
- Singh A, Baptista V, Stoicov C, et al. Evaluation of small bowel bleeding. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013;29: 119–124.
- Duray PH, Marcal JM, LiVolsi VA, et al. Small intestinal angiodysplasia in the elderly. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1984;6:311–319.
- Dray X, Camus M, Coelho J, et al. Treatment of gastrointestinal angiodysplasia and unmet needs. Dig Liver Dis. 2011;43:515–522.
- Foutch PG, Rex DK, Lieberman DA. Prevalence and natural history of colonic angiodysplasia among healthy asymptomatic people. Am J Gastroenterol. 1995;90:564–567.
- Ueno S, Nakase H, Kasahara K, et al. Clinical features of Japanese patients with colonic angiodysplasia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008;23:e363–e366.
- Carey EJ, Leighton JA, Heigh RI, et al. A single-center experience of 260 consecutive patients undergoing capsule endoscopy for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:89–95.
- Romagnuolo J, Brock AS, Ranney N. Is endoscopic therapy effective for angioectasia in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding: A systematic review of the literature. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2014;49:823–830.
- Lewis BS, Salomon P, Rivera-MacMurray S, et al. Does hormonal therapy have any benefit for bleeding angiodysplasia? J Clin Gastroenterol. 1992;15:99–103.
- Ge ZZ, Chen HM, Gao YJ, et al. Efficacy of thalidomide for refractory gastrointestinal bleeding from vascular malformation. Gastroenterology. 2011;141:1629–1637. e1–4
- Bon C, Aparicio T, Vincent M, et al. Long-acting somatostatin analogues decrease blood transfusion requirements in patients with refractory gastrointestinal bleeding associated with angiodysplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;36:587–593.
- Scaglione G, Pietrini L, Russo F, et al. Long-acting octreotide as rescue therapy in chronic bleeding from gastrointestinal angiodysplasia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;26:935–942.
- Holleran G, Hall B, Breslin N, et al. Long-acting somatostatin analogues provide significant beneficial effect in patients with refractory small bowel angiodysplasia: results from a proof of concept open label mono-centre trial. Unite European Gastroenterol J. 2014;121:1073–1079
- Marlu R, Barthelon J, Durand A, et al. Long-term therapy with bevacizumab in a patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia and recurrent digestive bleeding due to gastrointestinal angiodysplastic lesions. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015;110:352–353.
- Jackson CS1, Gerson LB2. Management of gastrointestinal angiodysplastic lesions (GIADs): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109: 474–483; quiz 484.
- Holleran G, Hall B, Hussey M, et al. Small bowel angiodysplasia and novel disease associations: a cohort study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2013;48:433–438.
- Cappell MS, Gupta A. A changing epidemiology of gastrointestinal angiodysplasia with increasing recognition of clinically milder cases: angiodysplasia tend to produce mild chronic gastrointestinal bleeding in a study of 47 consecutive patients admitted from 1980–1989. Am J Gastroenterol. 1992;87:201–206.
- Saurin JC1, Delvaux M, Gaudin JL, et al. Diagnostic value of endoscopic capsule in patients with obscure digestive bleeding: blinded comparison with video push-enteroscopy. Endoscopy. 2003;35:576–584.
- Bollinger E, Raines D, Saitta P. Distribution of bleeding gastrointestinal angioectasias in a Western population. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18:6235–6239.
- JM, Richter MR, Christensen GA Colditz, et al. Angiodys-plasia. Natural history and efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;34:1542–1546.