References
- Gallo R. History of the discoveries of the first human retroviruses: HTLV-1 and HTLV-2. Oncogene 2005;24: 5926–30.
- Thorstensson R, Albert J, Andersson S. Strategies for diagnosis of HTLV-I and -II. Transfusion 2002;42:780–91.
- Verdonck K, González E, van Dooren S, Vandamme A, Vanham G, Gotuzzo E. Human T-lymphotropic virus 1: recent knowledge about an ancient infection. Lancet Infect Dis 2007;7:266–81.
- Biswas HH, Engstrom JW, Kaidarova Z, Garratty G, Gibble JW, Newman BH, . Neurologic abnormalities in HTLV-I and HTLV-II infected individuals without overt myelopathy. Neurology 2009;73:781–9.
- Zehender G, Colasante C, Santambrogio S, De Maddalena C, Massetto B, Cavalli B, . Increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy in patients coinfected with HIV-1 and HTLV-2. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2002;31:440–7.
- Beilke MA, Theall KP, O'Brien M, Clayton JL, Benjamin SM, Winsor EL, . Clinical outcomes and disease progression among patients coinfected with HIV and human T-lymphotropic virus 1 and 2. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39: 256–63.
- Roucoux D, Murphy E. The epidemiology and disease outcomes of human T-lymphotropic virus type II. AIDS Rev 2004;6:144–54.
- Fujino T, Nagata Y. HTLV-I transmission from mother to child. J Reprod Immunol 2000;47:197–206.
- Van Dyke R, Heneine W, Perrin M, Rudolph D, Starszak E, Woods T, . Mother-to-child transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type II. J Pediatr 1995;127:924–8.
- Hall WW, Ricardo I, Zhu SW, Novoa P, Eiraku N, Takahashi H, . Human T lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II): epidemiology, molecular properties, and clinical features of infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1996;13(Suppl 1):S204–14.
- Hlela C, Shepperd S, Khumalo NP, Taylor GP. The prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in the general population is unknown. AIDS Rev 2009;11: 205–14.
- Taylor GP, Bodéus M, Courtois F, Pauli G, del Mistro A, Machua A, . The seroepidemiology of human T- lymphotropic viruses types I and II in Europe: a prospective study of pregnant women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005;38:104–9.
- Treviño A, Aguilera A, Caballero E, Toro C, Eiros JM, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, . Seroprevalence of HTLV-1/2 infection among native and immigrant pregnant women in Spain. AIDS Res Hum Retrovirol 2009;25:551–4.
- Tseliou PM, Spanakis N, Spiliotakara A, Markogiannakis A, Legakis NJ, Tsakris A. Prevalence of infection by HTLV I/II among pregnant women and high-risk groups in the Peloponnese peninsula, Greece. Int J STD AIDS 2006;17: 543–6.
- Tynell E, Andersson S, Lithander E, Arneborn M, Blomberg J, Hansson HB, . Screening for human T cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus among blood donors in Sweden: cost effectiveness analysis. BMJ 1998;316:1417–22.
- Prinsze FJ, Zaaijer HL. The outcome of donor screening for human T-cell lymphotropic virus infection in the Netherlands. Vox Sang 2012;102:198–203.
- Krook A, Albert J, Andersson S, Biberfeld G, Blomberg J, Eklund I, . Prevalence and risk factors for HTLV-II infection in 913 injecting drug users in Stockholm. J Aquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 1997;15:381–6.
- Andersson S, Krook A, Käll K, Julander I, Thorstensson R, Biberfeld G. HTLV infections among Swedish intravenous drug users in 1992. Scand J Infect Dis 1995;27:547–50.
- de la Fuente L, Toro C, Soriano V, Brugal MT, Vallejo F, Barrio G, . HTLV infection among young injection and non-injection heroin users in Spain: prevalence and correlates. J Clin Virol 2006;35:244–9.
- Zunt J, Tapia K, Thiede H, Lee R, Hagan H. HTLV-2 infection in injection drug users in King County, Washington. Scand J Infect Dis 2006;38:654–63.
- Lee HH, Weiss SH, Brown LS, Mildvan D, Shorty V, Saravolatz L, . Patterns of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II in intravenous drug abusers from the middle Atlantic and central regions of the USA. J Infect Dis 1990;162: 347–52.
- Användning av vävnader och celler I hälso- och sjukvården och vid klinisk forskning m.m. Stockholm: Swedish National Board on Health and Welfare (SOSFS); 2010.
- Andersson S, Gessain A, Taylor GP. Pooling of samples for seroepidemiological surveillance of human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II. Virus Res 2001;78:101–6.
- Britton S, Hillgren K, Marosi K, Sarkar K, Elofsson S. Summary of Sweden's first baseline study on blood borne infections among injecting drug users. Karolinska institutet. June 2009. Available at: http://www.helamanniskan.se/sitespecific/helamanniskan/publication_files/364/Summary_of_Swedens_first_Baselinestudy_on_bloodborne_infections.pdf (accessed March 2012).
- Andersson S, Thorstensson R, Godoy Ramirez K, Krook A, von Sydow M, Dias F, . Comparative evaluation of 14 immunoassays for detection of antibodies to the human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II using panels of sera from Sweden and West Africa. Transfusion 1999;39: 845–51.
- Qui X, Hodges S, Lukaszewska T, Hino S, Arai H, Yamaguchi J, . Evaluation of a new, fully automated immunoassay for detection of HTLV-I and HTLV-II antibodies. J Med Virol 2008;80:484–93.
- Malm K, Kjerstadius T, Andersson S. Evaluation of a new screening assay for HTLV-1 and -2 antibodies for large scale use. J Med Virol 2010;82:1606–11.
- Unemo M, Papp JR. Infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. In: Morse SA, Ballard RC, Holmes KK, Moreland AA, editors. Atlas of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS. 4th ed. Elsevier; 2010, pp. 40–63.