REFERENCES
- Anderson, T. F. 1951. Techniques for the preservation of three-dimensional structure in preparing specimens for the electron microscope. NY Acad Sci Trans 12, 130.
- Arai, M., Kani, T., Sugihara, S., Matsumura, K., Miyata, Y., Shinohara, Y. & Ito, N. 1974. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of changes in the urinary bladder rats treated with N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxy-butyl) nitrosoamine. Gann 65, 529.
- Connolly, J. G., Promislow, C. & Marriott, J. 1970. Intermittent exfoliation of epithelial cells in carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Can J Surg 13, 144.
- Esposti, P. L., Edsmyr, F., Moberger, G., Wadström, L. & Zajicek, J. 1969. The cytologic diagnosis of bladder tumours and its clinical and histologic basis. Scand J Urol Nephrol 3, 79.
- Fulker, M. J. & Cooper, E. H. 1970. The surface organisation of normal and diseased human bladder epithelium. Soc. Franc. Microscopie. Electron., Paris. Septième Congrès Internat., Grenoble, 615.
- Fulker, M. J., Cooper, E. H. & Tanaka, T. 1971. Proliferation and ultrastructure of papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the human bladder. Cancer 27, 71.
- Harpst, H. C., Ware, R. E., Eisenberg, R. B. & O'Dell, J. B. 1961. Exfoliative cytology of the urinary tract: Evaluation of the millipore technic. Acta Cytol 5, 195.
- Harrison, J. H., Botsford, T. W. & Tucker, M. R. 1951. The use of the smear of the urinary sediment in the diagnosis and management of neoplasm of the kidney and bladder. Surg Gynecol Obstet 92, 129.
- Hodges, G. M., Hicks, R. M. & Spacey, G. D. 1976. Scanning electron microscopy of cell-surface changes in Methylnitrosurea (MNU)-treated rat bladders in vivo and in vitro. Differentiation 6, 143.
- Hodges, G. M., Hicks, R. M. & Spacey, G. D. 1977. Epithelial-stromal interactions in normal and chemical carcinogen-treated adult bladder. Cancer Res 37, 3720.
- Jacobs, J. B., Arai, M., Cohen, S. M. & Friedell, G. H. 1976a. Early lesions in experimental bladder cancer: Scanning electron microscopy of cell surface markers. Cancer Res 36, 2512.
- Jacobs, J. B., Arai, M., Cohen, S. M. & Friedell, G. H. 1976b. Light and scanning electron microscopy of exfoliated bladder epithelial cells in rats fed N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl] formamide. J Natl Cancer Inst 57, 63.
- Jacobs, J. B., Cohen S. M., Arai, M. & Friedell, G. H. 1977. SEM on bladder cells. Acta Cytol 21, 3.
- Kjaer, T. B., Carlson, S. D., Nilsson, T. & Madsen, P. O. 1976. Scanning electron microscopy of normal and malignant human urothelium. Urol 8, 59.
- Koss, L. G. 1968. The urinary tract. In Diagn. Cytol., 2nd ed., p. 404.
- Melamed, M. R., Koss, L. G., Ricci, A. & Whitmore, W. F. 1960. Cytohistological observations on developing carcinoma of the urinary bladder in man. Cancer 13, 67.
- Merk, F. B., Pauli, B. U., Jacobs, J. B., Alroy, J., Friedell, G. H. & Weinstein, R. S. 1977. Malignant transformation of urinary bladder in humans and in N-[4-(5-Nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl] formamide-exposed Fischer rats: Ultrastructure of the major components of the permeability barrier. Cancer Res 37, 2843.
- Nelson, C.-E., Croft, W. A. & Nilsson, T. 1978a. Characterization of different regions of the normal human urinary bladder by means of scanning electron microscopy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 13, 23.
- Nelson, C.-E., Crogt, W. A. & Nilsson, T. 1978b. Surface characteristics of malignant human urinary bladder epithelium studied with scanning electron microscopy. Scand J Urol Nephrol 13, 31.
- Papanicolaou, G. N. & Marshall, V. F. 1945. Urine sediment smears as a diagnostic procedure in cancers of the urinary tract. Science 101, 519.
- Solomon, C., Amelar, R. D., Hyman, R. M., Chaiban, R. & Europa, D. L. 1958. Exfoliated cytology of the urinary tract: A new approach with reference to the isolation of cancer cells and the preparation of slides for study. J Urol 80, 374.
- Taylor, J. N., Macfarlane, E. W. E., Ceelen, G. H. & Doolittle, K. 1962. Cytological studies of urine by millipore filtration technique: Preliminary report. J Urol 88, 704.