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Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology Volume 29, 1995 - Issue 4
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Original Article

The Ice-Water Test in the Diagnosis of Detrusor-External Sphincter Dyssynergia

Gudmundur GeirssonDept. of Urology, Reykjavik City Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden
&
Magnus FallIceland and Urology section. Dept of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden
Pages 457-461 | Received 15 Jul 1994, Accepted 21 Nov 1994, Published online: 15 Feb 2010

REFERENCES

  • Blaivas JG, Sinha HP, Zayed AAH, Labib KB. Detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia. J Urol 1981; 125: 542–544.
  • Blaivas JG, Sinha HP, Zayed AAH, Labib KB. Detrusor-external sphincter dyssynergia: a detailed electromyographic study. J Urol 1981; 125: 545–548.
  • Bors EH, Blinn KA. Spinal reflex activity from the vesical mucosa in paraplegic patients. Arch Neurol Psychiat 1957; 78: 339–354.
  • Bors EH, Comarr AE. Neurological urology: Physiology of micturition, its neurological disorders and sequelae. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1971.
  • Fall M, Ohlsson, BL, Carlsson C-E. The neurogenic overactive bladder. Classification based on urodynamics. Br J Urol 1989; 64: 368–373.
  • Fall M, Lindström S, Mazières LA. A bladder to bladder cooling reflex in the cat. J Physiol. (London) 1990; 427: 281–300.
  • Geirsson G, Fall M, Lindström S. Cystometric subtypes of bladder overactivity: A retrospective analysis of 501 patients: Int Urogynecol J 1993; 4: 186–193.
  • Geirsson G, Lindström S, Fall M, Gladh G, Hermansson G, Hjälmas K. Positive bladder cooling test in neurologically normal young children. J Urol 1994; 151: 446–448.
  • Geirsson G. Evidence of cold receptors in the human urinary bladder—Effect of menthol on the bladder cooling reflex. J Urol 1993; 150: 427–430.
  • Geirsson G, Fall M, Lindström S. The ice-water test—A simple and valuable supplement to routine cystometry. Br J Urol 1993; 71: 681–685.
  • Geirsson G, Lindström S, Fall M. Pressure, volume and infusion speed criteria for the ice-water test. Br J Urol 1994; 73: 498–503.
  • Geirsson G, Lindström S, Fall M. The bladder cooling reflex in man—Characteristics and sensitivity to temperature Br J Urol 1993; 71: 675–680.
  • Light JK, Beric A. Detrusor function in supra-sacral spinal cord injuries. J Urol 1992; 148: 355–358.
  • Lindström S, Mazières L. Effect of menthol on the bladder cooling reflex in cat. Acta Physiol Scand 1991; 141: 1–10.
  • Rudy DC, Awad SA, Downie JW. External sphincter dyssynergia: an abnormal continence reflex. J Urol 1988; 140: 104–110.
  • Sundin T, Peterson I. Cystometry and simultaneous electromyography from the external urethral and anal sphincters and from levator ani. Invest Urol 1975; 13: 40–45.

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