Acute Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Dogs: The Inflammatory Response

References

• US Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. A Report of the Surgeon General, DHHS(PHS) 84–50205. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 1984
   Google Scholar
• Cohen A B, James H L. Reduction of the elastase inhibitory capacity of α-1-antitrypsin by peroxides in cigarette smoke. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 126: 25–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pryor W A, Dooley M M. Inactivation of human alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor by cigarette smoke: Effect of smoke phase and buffer. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131: 941–943
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Eliraz A, Kimbel P, Weinbaum G. The effects of the oxidizing agents chloramine-T and cigarette smoke on dog serum proteinase inhibitors. Exp Lung Res 1980; 1: 211–223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janoff A, Carp H. Possible mechanism of emphysema in cigarette smokers: Cigarette smoke condensate suppresses proteinase inhibitors in vitro. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977; 116: 65–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Weinbaum G. Oxidant induced regulation of protease: Inhibitor interactions in the lung. Mechanisms of Lung Injury, T P Stein, G Weinbaum, Philadelphia, Stickley 1986; 12–29
   Google Scholar
• Carp H, Janoff A, Abrams W, Weinbaum G, Drew R T, Weissbach H, Brot N. Human methione sulfoxide-peptide reductase, an enzyme capable of reactivating oxidized alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor in vitro. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 301–305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark R A, Stone P J, Hag E A, Calore J D, Franzblau C. Myeloperoxidase-catalyzed inactivation of a-1-protease inhibitor by human neutrophils. J Biol Chem 1981; 256: 3348–3353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carp H, Miller F G, Hoidal J R, Janoff A. Potential mechanism of emphysema: α-1-Proteinase inhibitor recovered from lungs of cigarette smokers contains oxidized methionine and has decreased elastase inhibitory capacity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1982; 79: 2041–2045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janoff A, Chan S K. Is α-1-protease inhibitor inactivated by smoking?. Science 1984; 224: 755
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Janoff A, Carp H, Lee D K. Cigarette smoke inhalation decreases a-1-antitrypsin activity in the rat lung. Science 1979; 206: 1313–1314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadek J, Fells G A, Crystal R G. Cigarette smoking induces functional antipro-tease deficiency in the lower respiratory tract of humans. Science 1979; 206: 1315–1316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boudier C, Pelletier A, Pauli G, Bieth J G. The functional activity of a-1-proteinase inhibitor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from healthy human smokers and nonsmokers. Clin Chim Acta 1983; 132: 309–315
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone P J, Calore J D, McGowan S E, Bernardo J, Snider G L, Franzblau C. Functional α-1-protease inhibitor in the lower respiratory tract of cigarette smokers is not decreased. Science 1983; 221: 1187–1189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunninghake G W, Crystal R G. Cigarette smoking and lung destruction: Accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs of cigarette smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 128: 833–838
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niederman M S, Fritts L L, Merrill W W, Fick R B, Matthay R A, Reynolds H Y, Gee J BL. Demonstration of a free elastolytic metalloenzyme in human lung lavage fluid and its relationship to a-1-antiprotease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129: 943–947
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janoff A, Raju L, Dearing R. Levels of elastase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of healthy smokers and nonsmokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 540–544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilburn K H, McKenzie W. Leukocyte recruitment to airways by cigarette smoke and particle phase in contrast to cytotoxicity of vapor. Science 1975; 189: 634–637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludwig P W, Schwartz B A, Hoidal J R, Niewoehner D E. Cigarette smoking causes accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in alveolar septum. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131: 828–830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoidal J R, Niewoehner D E. Cigarette smoke-induced lung phagocyte recruitment and metabolite alterations in humans and hamsters. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 126: 548–552
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hinman L M, Stevens C A, Matthay R A, Gee J BL. Elastase and lysozyme activities in human alveolar macrophages: Effects of cigarette smoking. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980; 121: 263–271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez R J, White R R, Senior R M, Levine E A. Elastase release from human alveolar macrophages: Comparison between smokers and nonsmokers. Science 1977; 198: 313–314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadek J, Hunninghake G, Fells G, Zimmerman R, Crystal R G. Production of connective tissue-specific proteases by human alveolar macrophages is constitutive (nonregulatable). Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 123: A55
   Google Scholar
• Hunninghake G, Gadek J, Crystal R. Human alveolar macrophage neutrophil chemotactic factor: Stimuli and partial characterization. J Clin Invest 1980; 66: 473–483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merrill W W, Nagel G P, Matthay R A, Reynolds H Y. Alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor. Kinetics of in vitro production and partial characterization. J Clin Invest 1980; 65: 268–276
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blue M L, Janoff A. Possible mechanisms of emphysema in cigarette smokers: Release of elastase from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes by cigarette smoker condensate in vitro. Am Rev Respir Dis 1978; 117: 317–325
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinbaum G, Pietra G G, Abrams W R, Kucich U, Damiano W, Glasgow J E, Kimbel P. Animals models of emphysema. Mechanisms of Lung Injury, T P Stein, G Weinbaum. Stickley, Philadelphia 1986; 103–131
   Google Scholar
• Bridges R B, Kraal H, Huang J T, Chancellor M B. Effects of tobacco smoke on chemotaxis and glucose metabolism of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Infect Im-mun 1977; 15: 115–123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sasagawa S, Tatsuichiro S, Toshio F. Effects of nicotine on the functions of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro. J Leukocyte Biol 1985; 37: 493–502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Totti N, III, McCusker K T, Campbell E J, Griffin G, Senior R M. Nicotine is chemotactic for neutrophils and enhances neutrophil responsiveness for chemo-tactic peptides. Science 1984; 223: 169–171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds H Y. Bronchoalveolar lavage. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135: 250–263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Diamond L, Kane A B. A flow cytometric assay of neutrophil de-granulation. J Histochem Cytochem 1983; 32: 737–744
   Google Scholar
• Cohen A B, Batra G. Bronchoscopy and lung lavage induced bilateral pulmonary neutrophil influx and blood leukocytosis in dogs and monkeys. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980; 122: 239–247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of proteins utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Bio-chem 1976; 72: 248–254
   Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Cohen A B, Damiano V V, Eliraz A, Kimbel P, Meranze D R, Wein-Baum G. A model of decreased functional a-1-proteinase inhibitor. Pulmonary pathology of dogs exposed to chloramine T. J Clin Invest 1981; 68: 1132–1139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weeke B. Rocket Immunoelectrophoresis. A Manual of Quantitative Immunoelectrophoresis. Methods and Applications, N H Axelsen, J Kroll, B Weeke. Universitetsforlaget, Oslo 1973; 37–46
   Google Scholar
• Bieth J, Spiess E B, Wermuth C G. The synthesis and use of a highly sensitive and convenient substrate of eiastase. Biochem Med 1974; 11: 350–357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kucich U, Abrams W R, James H L. Solid-phase immunoassay of dog neutrophil elastase. Anal Biochem 1980; 109: 403–409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wachtfogel Y T, Kucich U, James H L, Scott C F, Schapira M, Zimmerman M, Cohen A B, Colman R W. Human plasma kallikrein releases neutrophil elastase during blood coagulation. J Clin Invest 1983; 72: 1672–1677
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Kimbel P, Weinbaum G. Purification and characterization of canine α-1-antiproteinase. Biochemistry 1978; 17: 3556–3561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winer B J. Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. McGraw-Hill, New York 1971; 210–219
   Google Scholar
• Powers J C. Synthetic elastase inhibitors: Prospects for use in the treatment of emphysema. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 554–558
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hernandez J. Pulmonary parenchymal defects in dogs following prolonged cigarette smoke exposure. Am Rev Respir Dis 1966; 93: 78–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frasca J M, Auerbach O, Carter H W, Parks V R. Morphologic alterations induced by short-term cigarette smoking. Am J Pathol 1983; 111: 11–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilburn K H, McKenzie W N. Leukocyte recruitment to airways by aldehyde-carbon combinations that mimic cigarette smoke. Lab Invest 1978; 38: 134–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamada H, Damiano V, Tsang A, Meranze D, Glasgow J, Abrams W R, Weinbaum G. Neutrophil degranulation in cadmium chloride-induced acute lung inflammation. Am J Pathol 1982; 209: 145–156
   Google Scholar
• Glasgow J E, Pietra G G, Abrams W R, Blank J, Oppenheim D M, Weinbaum G. Neutrophil recruitment and degranulation during induction of emphysema in the rat by nitrogen dioxide. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135: 1129–1136
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen A B, Rossi M, Geczy D, Knight L. Neutrophil turnover in normal rabbit lungs. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 794–798
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cochrane C G, Spragg R G, Revak S D. Studies on the pathogenesis of the adult respiratory distress syndrome: Evidence of oxidant activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Invest 1983; 71: 754–761
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abrams W R, Weinbaum G, Weissbach L, Weissbach H, Brot N. Enzymatic reduction of oxidized a-1-proteinase inhibitor restores biological activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1981; 78: 7483–7486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss S J, Regiani S. Neutrophils degrade subendothelial matrices in the presence of α-1-proteinase inhibitor. Cooperative use of lysosomal proteinases and oxygen metabolites. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 1297–1303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babior B M. Oxygen-dependent microbial killing by phagocytes. N Engl J Med 1978; 298: 721–725; 659–668
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoidal J R, Fox R B, Le Marbe P A, Perri R, Repine J E. Altered oxidative metabolic responses in vitro of alveolar macrophages from asymptomatic cigarette smokers. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 123: 85–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damiano V V, Tsang A, Kucich U, Abrams W R, Rosenbloom J, Kimbel P, Fallahnejad M, Weinbaum G. Immunolocalization of elastase in human emphysematous lungs. J Clin Invest 1986; 78: 482–493
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damiano W, Tsang A, Kucich U, Rosenbloom J, Kimbel P, Weinbaum G. Immunolocalization in the lung. Mechanisms of Lung Injury, T P Stein, G Weinbaum. Stickley, Philadelphia 1986; 132–140
   Google Scholar
• Sloan B, Abrams W R, Meranze D R, Kimbel P, Weinbaum G. Emphysema induced in vitro and in vivo in dogs by a purified elastase from homologous leukocytes. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981; 124: 295–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar