Idiopathic Fibrosing Alveolitis: A Review with Emphasis on Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Features

References

• Hamman L, Rich A R. Acute diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the lungs. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1944; 74: 177–212
   Google Scholar
• Liebow A A, Carrington C B. The interstitial pneumonias. Frontiers of Pulmonary Radiology, M Simon, E J Potchen, M. LeMay. Grune and Stratton, New York 1969; 102–141
   Google Scholar
• Scadding J G. Fibrosing alveolitis. Brit Med J 1964; 2: 686
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scadding J G, Hinson K FW. Diffuse fibrosing alveolitis (diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the lung): Correlation of histology at biopsy with prognosis. Thorax 1967; 22: 291–304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winterbauer R H, Hammar S P, Hallman K O, et al. Diffuse interstitial pneumonitis: Clinico-pathologic correlations in 20 patients treated with prednisone/azathioprine. Am J Med 1978; 65: 661–672
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crystal R G, Bitterman P B, Rennard S I, Hance A J, Keogh B A. Interstitial lung disorders of unknown cause: Disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of the lower respiratory tract. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 154–166; 235–244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreisen R B, Schwarz M L, Theofilopoulos A N, Sanford R E. Circulating immune complexes in the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. N Engl J Med 1978; 298: 353–357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gadek J E, Kelman J A, Fells G, et al. Collagen-ase in the lower respiratory tract of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 737–742
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winterbauer R H, Hammar S P. Sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A review of recent events
   Google Scholar
• Davis G S, Brody A R, Craighead J E. Analysis of airspace and interstitial mononuclear cell populations in human diffuse interstitial lung disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1978; 118: 7–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslam P L, Turton C, Heard B, Lukoszek A, Collins J V, Salsbury A J, Turner-Warwick M. Comparison of cells obtained with lung biopsy and clinical features. Thorax 1980; 35: 9–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Postlehwaite A E, Keski-Oja J, Balian G, Kung A H. Induction of fibroblast chemotaxis by fibronectin. Localization of the chemotactic region to a 140,000 molecular weight nonge-latin binding region. J Exp Med 1981; 153: 494–499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klebe R J. Isolation of a collagen dependent cell attachment factor. Nature 1974; 250: 248–251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bitterman P B, Adelberg S, Crystal R G. Mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis. Spontaneous release of the alveolar macrophage derived growth factor in the interstitial lung disorders. J Clin Inves 1983; 72: 1801–1813
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunninghake G W, Gadek J E, Young R C, Jr, Kawanami O, Ferrans V J, Crystal R G. Maintenance of granuloma formation in pulmonary sarcoidosis by T lymphocytes within the lung. N Engl J Med 1980; 302: 594–598
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrier D J, Phen S H, McGarry B M. The effects of Nude (nu/nu) mutation on bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis: A biochemical evaluation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 614–619
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahl S M, Wahl L M, McCarthy J B. Lymphocyte-Mediate activation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. J Immunol 1978; 1121: 942–946
   Google Scholar
• Newman S L, Michel R P, Wang N S. Open lung biopsy: Is the lingula representative. Lab Inves 1985; 52: 48A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer E C, Liebow A A. Relationship of interstitial pneumonia, honeycombing and atypical epithelial proliferation to cancer of the lung. Cancer 1965; 18: 322–351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haddad R, Massaro D. Idiopathic diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (fibrosing alveolitis), atypical epithelial proliferation and lung cancer. Am J Med 1968; 44: 211–219
   Google Scholar
• Fraire A E, Greenberg S D. Carcinoma and diffuse interstitial fibrosis of lung. Cancer 1973; 31: 1078–1086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner-Warwick M, Lebowitz M, Burrows B, Johnson A. Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and lung cancer. Thorax 1980; 35: 496–499
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodcock-Mitchell J, Adler K B, Low R B. Im-munohistochemical identification of cell types in normal and in bleomycin-induced fibrotic rat lung. Cellular origins of interstitial cells. Am RevRespirDis 1984; 130: 910–916
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raghu G, Striker L J, Hudson L D, Striker G E. Extracellular matrix in normal and fibrotic human lungs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131: 281–289
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madri J A, Furthmayr H. Collagen polymorphism in the lung. An immunochemical study of pulmonary fibrosis. Hum Pathol 1980; 11: 353–366
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullmer J D, Biekowski R S, Cowan M J, et al. Collagen concentration and rates of synthesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am Rev Re-spir Dis 1980; 122: 289–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goto T, Befus D, Low R, Bienenstock J. Mast cell heterogeneity and hyperplasia in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 130: 797–802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winterbauer R H, Ludwig W R, Hammar S P. Clinical course, management and long term sequelae of respiratory failure due to influenza viral pneumonia. Johns Hopkins Med J 1977; 141: 148–155
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pinsker K L, Schneyer B, Becker N, Kamholz S L. Usual interstitial pneumonia following Texas A2 influenza infeciton. Chest 1981; 80: 123–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin W J, II, McDougall J C. Cytomegalovirus infection with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Diagnosis suggested by bronchoalveolar lavage. Chest 1983; 84: 500–502
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rich S A. Human lupus inclusions and interferon. Science 1981; 213: 772–775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preble O T, Black R J, Klippel J H, Vilcek J. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Presence in human serum of an unusual acid-labile leukocyte interferon. Science 1982; 216: 429–431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooks J J, Jordan G W, Cupps J, Haralamos M M, Fauci A S, Notkins A L. Multiple interferons in the circulation of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and vasculitis. Arth Rheum 1982; 25: 396–400
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammar S P, Barron E, Cooper L, Bockus D, Remington F. Lymphocyte tubuloreticular structures, serum interferon levels and lymphocyte (2′-5′) oligoadenylate synthetase levels in patients with collagen vascular syndromes. Lab Inves 1983; 50: 24A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyster M E, Goerdert J J, Poon M, Preble O T. Acid labile alpha interferon. A possible preclinical marker for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in hemophilia. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 583–586
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeStefano E, Friedman R M, Friedman-Klein A E, et al. Acid labile human leukocyte interferon in homosexual men with Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphadenopathy. J Infect Dis 1982; 146: 451–455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooks J J, Moutsopoulos H M, Geis S A, Shahl N Z, Notkins A L. Immune interferon in circulation of patients with autoimmune diseases. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 5–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidhu G S. Ultrastructure of AIDS lymph nodes. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 1188–1189
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammar S P, Bockus D, Remington F, Friedman S. More on ultrastructure of AIDS lymph nodes. N Engl J Med 1984; 310: 924
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammar S P, Winterbauer R H, Bockus D, Remington F, Sale G E, Myers J D. Endothelial cell damage and tubuloreticular structures in interstitial lung disease associated with collagen vascular disease and viral pneumonia. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 127: 77–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preble O T, Friedman R M. Biology of disease. Interferon-induced alterations in cells; relevance to viral and nonviral diseases. Lab Inves 1983; 49: 4–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar