Antibiotic-impregnated catheters for the prevention of CSF shunt infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis

References

• Simon TD, Hall M, Riva-Cambrin J, Albert JE, Jeffries HE, Lafleur B, . Infection rates following initial cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement across pediatric hospitals in the United States. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009;4:156–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prusseit J, Simon M, von der Brelie C, Heep A, Molitor E, Volz S, . Epidemiology, prevention and management of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections in children. Pediatr Neurosurg 2009;45:325–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blount JP, Campbell JA, Haines SJ. Complications in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunting. Neurosurg Clin N Am 1993;4: 633–56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McGirt MJ, Leveque JC, Wellons JC, 3rd, Villavicencio AT, Hopkins JS, Fuchs HE, . Cerebrospinal fluid shunt survival and etiology of failures: a seven-year institutional experience. Pediatr Neurosurg 2002;36:248–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walters BC, Hoffman HJ, Hendrick EB, Humphreys RP. Cerebrospinal fluid shunt infection. Influences on initial management and subsequent outcome. J Neurosurg 1984;60:1014–21.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harrop JS, Sharan AD, Ratliff J, Prasad S, Jabbour P, Evans JJ, . Impact of a standardized protocol and antibiotic-impregnated catheters on ventriculostomy infection rates in cerebrovascular patients. Neurosurgery 2010;67:187–91; discussion 91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eymann R, Chehab S, Strowitzki M, Steudel WI, Kiefer M. Clinical and economic consequences of antibiotic-impregnated cerebrospinal fluid shunt catheters. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008;1:444–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eymann R, Steudel WI, Kiefer M. Infection rate with application of an antibiotic-impregnated catheter for shunt implantation in children – a retrospective analysis. Klin Peadiatr 2009;221:69–73.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bayston R, Ashraf W, Fisher L. Prevention of infection in neurosurgery: role of ‘antimicrobial’ catheters. J Hosp Infect 2007;65 Suppl 2:39–42.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ratilal B, Costa J, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical introduction of intracranial ventricular shunts. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;3:CD005365.
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez-Gonzalez R, Boto GR. Do antibiotic-impregnated catheters prevent infection in CSF diversion procedures? Review of the literature. J Infect 2010;61:9–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, Olkin I, Williamson GD, Rennie D, . Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group. JAMA 2000;283:2008–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. J Clin Epidemiol 2009;62:1006–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, D'Amico R, Sowden AJ, Sakarovitch C, Song F, . Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess 2003;7:iii–x, 1–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Agarwal N RS, Lee S, Keil A. Prevention of CSF shunt infections in the neonatal population: an audit of the new protocol. 14th Annual Congress of the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand. Wellington, New Zealand. J Pediatr Child Health 2010;46:57.
   Google Scholar
• Albanese A, De Bonis P, Sabatino G, Capone G, Marchese E, Vignati A, . Antibiotic-impregnated ventriculo-peritoneal shunts in patients at high risk of infection. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2009;151:1259–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aryan HE, Meltzer HS, Park MS, Bennett RL, Jandial R, Levy ML. Initial experience with antibiotic-impregnated silicone catheters for shunting of cerebrospinal fluid in children. Childs Nerv Syst 2005;21:56–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Govender ST, Nathoo N, van Dellen JR. Evaluation of an antibiotic-impregnated shunt system for the treatment of hydrocephalus. J Neurosurg 2003;99:831–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutierrez-Gonzalez R, Boto GR, Fernandez-Perez C, del Prado N. Protective effect of rifampicin and clindamycin impregnated devices against Staphylococcus spp. infection after cerebrospinal fluid diversion procedures. BMC Neurol 2010;10:93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gutierrez-Gonzalez R, Boto GR, Gonzalez N, Viudez I, Perez-Zamarron A, Rivero-Garvia M. [Effect of antibiotic-impregnated catheters on the incidence of infection after cerebrospinal fluid shunting]. Med Clin (Barc) 2008;131:121–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayhurst C, Cooke R, Williams D, Kandasamy J, O'Brien DF, Mallucci CL. The impact of antibiotic-impregnated catheters on shunt infection in children and neonates. Childs Nerv Syst 2008;24:557–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kan P, Kestle J. Lack of efficacy of antibiotic-impregnated shunt systems in preventing shunt infections in children. Childs Nerv Syst 2007;23:773–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muttaiyah S, Ritchie S, John S, Mee E, Roberts S. Efficacy of antibiotic-impregnated external ventricular drain catheters. J Clin Neurosci 2010;17:296–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker SL, Attenello FJ, Sciubba DM, Garces-Ambrossi GL, Ahn E, Weingart J, . Comparison of shunt infection incidence in high-risk subgroups receiving antibiotic-impregnated versus standard shunts. Childs Nerv Syst 2009;25:77–83; discussion 85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pattavilakom A, Xenos C, Bradfield O, Danks RA. Reduction in shunt infection using antibiotic impregnated CSF shunt catheters: an Australian prospective study. J Clin Neurosci 2007;14:526–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ritz R, Roser F, Morgalla M, Dietz K, Tatagiba M, Will BE. Do antibiotic-impregnated shunts in hydrocephalus therapy reduce the risk of infection? An observational study in 258 patients. BMC Infect Dis 2007;7:38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamburrini G, Massimi L, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C. Antibiotic impregnated external ventricular drainage and third ventriculostomy in the management of hydrocephalus associated with posterior cranial fossa tumours. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2008;150:1049–55; discussion 55–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong GK, Poon WS, Ng SC, Ip M. The impact of ventricular catheter impregnated with antimicrobial agents on infections in patients with ventricular catheter: interim report. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2008;102:53–5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zabramski JM, Whiting D, Darouiche RO, Horner TG, Olson J, Robertson C, . Efficacy of antimicrobial-impregnated external ventricular drain catheters: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial. J Neurosurg 2003;98:725–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivero-Garvia M, Marquez-Rivas J, Jimenez-Mejias ME, Neth O, Rueda-Torres AB. Reduction in external ventricular drain infection rate. Impact of a minimal handling protocol and antibiotic-impregnated catheters. Acta neurochirurgica 2011;153:647–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards HK, Seeley HM, Pickard JD. Efficacy of antibiotic-impregnated shunt catheters in reducing shunt infection: data from the United Kingdom Shunt Registry. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2009;4:389–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloffer CA, Augspurger L, Wagenbach A, Lanzino G. Antimicrobial-impregnated external ventricular catheters: does the very low infection rate observed in clinical trials apply to daily clinical practice? Neurosurgery 2005;56:1041–4; discussion 41–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fichtner J, Guresir E, Seifert V, Raabe A. Efficacy of silver-bearing external ventricular drainage catheters: a retrospective analysis. J Neurosurg 2010;112:840–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izci Y, Secer H, Akay C, Gonul E. Initial experience with silver-impregnated polyurethane ventricular catheter for shunting of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with infected hydrocephalus. Neurol Res 2009;31:234–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lackner P, Beer R, Broessner G, Helbok R, Galiano K, Pleifer C, . Efficacy of silver nanoparticles-impregnated external ventricular drain catheters in patients with acute occlusive hydrocephalus. Neurocrit Care 2008;8:360–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rozzelle CJ, Leonardo J, Li V. Antimicrobial suture wound closure for cerebrospinal fluid shunt surgery: a prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008;2:111–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi T, Shirane R, Kato T, Tominaga T. Efficacy of intraoperative wound irrigation for preventing shunt infection. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008;2:25–8.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wong GK, Ip M, Poon WS, Mak CW, Ng RY. Antibiotics-impregnated ventricular catheter versus systemic antibiotics for prevention of nosocomial CSF and non-CSF infections: a prospective randomised clinical trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010;81:1064–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jepsen P, Johnsen SP, Gillman MW, Sorensen HT. Interpretation of observational studies. Heart 2004;90:956–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• www.who.int/ictrp/en/.
   Google Scholar