The incidence of infection for adults undergoing supra-tentorial craniotomy for tumours without hair removal

References

• IHI. Getting started kit: Prevent surgical site infections. How-to Guide. Available at: http://www.ihi.org/NR/rdonlyres/00EBAF1F-A29F-4822-ABCE-829573255AB8/0/SSIHowtoGuideFINAL0803.pdf. Accessed July 13, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Scherpereel B, Rousseaux P, Bernard MH, Guyot JF. [Nonshaving in cranial neuro-surgery (author's transl)]. Ann Chir 1980;34: 108–110. (Fr) Medline.
   Google Scholar
• Scherpereel B, Rousseaux P, Bernard MH, Guyot JF. [Preoperative non-shaving for neurosurgical operations (author's transl)].Neurochirurgie 1979;25:244–45. (Fr) Medline.
   Google Scholar
• Winston KR. Hair and neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 1992;31: 320–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Keeffe AB, Lawrence T, Bojanic S. Oxford craniotomy infections database: a cost analysis of craniotomy infection. Brit J Neurosurg 2012;26:265–269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA. CDC/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control 2008;36:309–332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnard BM. Fighting surgical site infections. Infection Control Today [serial online]. April 2002. Available at: http://www.infectioncontroltoday.com/articles/241feat1.html. Accessed July 13, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML, Silver LC, Jarvis WR. Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1999;20:250–278.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson DJ, Kaye KS. Surgical site infection and surgical prophylaxis. In: Jefferson KK, Archer GL, Fowler VG, eds. Staphylococci in Human Disease. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009: 346–361.
   Google Scholar
• Adisa AO, Lawal OO, Adejujigbe O. Evaluation of two mwthods of preoperative hair removal and their relationship to postoperative wound infection. J infect Dev Ctries 2011;5:717–722.
   Google Scholar
• Mishriki SF, Law DJ, Jeffery PJ. Factors affecting the incidence of postoperative wound infection. J Hosp Infect 1990;16:223–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moro ML, Carrieri MP, Tozzi AE, Lana S, Greco D. Risk factors for surgical wound infections in clean surgery: a multicenter study. Italian PRINOS study group. Ann Ital Chir 1996;67:13–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tanner J, Moncaster K, Woodings D. Preoperative hair removal: a systematic review. J Perioper Pract. 2007;17:118–121, 124–132.
   Google Scholar
• Bekar A, Korfali E, Dogan S, et al. The effect of hair on infection after cranial surgery. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2001;143:533–536; [discussion] 537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretschmer T, Braun V, Richter HP. Neurosurgery without shaving: indications and results. Br J Neurosurg 2000;14:341–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratanalert S, Saehaeng S, Sripairojkul B, Liewchanpattana K, Phuenpathom N. Nonshaved cranial neurosurgery. Surg Neurol 1999;51:458–463.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Broekman ML, van Beijnum J, Peul WC, Regli L. Neurosurgery and shaving: what's the evidence?A review. J Neurosurg 2011;115: 670–678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adeleye AO, Olowookere KG. Nonshaved cranial surgery in black Africans: a short-term prospective preliminary study. Surg Neurol 2008;69:69–72.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Braun V, Richter HP. Shaving the hair – is it always necessary for cranial neurosurgical procedures?Acta Neurochir 1995;135:84–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çelik SE, Kara A. Does shaving the incision site increase the infection rate after spinal surgery?Spine 2007;32:1575–1577.
   Google Scholar
• Gil Z, Cohen JT, Spektor S, Fliss DM. The role of hair shaving in skull base surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2003;128:43–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horgan MA, Kernan JC, Schwartz MS, et al. Shaveless brain surgery: safe, well tolerated, and cost effective. Skull Base Surg 1999; 9:253–258.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horgan MA, Piatt JH Jr. Shaving of the scalp may increase the rate of infection in CSF shunt surgery. Pediatr Neurosurg 1997;26: 180–184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar K, Thomas J, Chan C. Cosmesis in neurosurgery: is the bald head necessary to avoid postoperative infection? Ann Acad Med Singapore 2002;31:150–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller JJ, Weber PC, Patel S, Ramey J. Intracranial surgery: to shave or not to shave? Otol Neurotol 2001;22:908–911.
   Google Scholar
• Miyagi Y, Shima F, Ishido K. Implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes in unshaved patients. Technical note. J Neurosurg 2002;97:1476–1478.
   Google Scholar
• Piatt JH Jr., Steinbok P. Hair and neurosurgery. Neurosurgery 1994;34:770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plaha P, Patel NK, Gill SS. Implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes in unshaved patients. J Neurosurg 2003;99:207–209 (Letter).
   Google Scholar
• Ratanalert S, Musikawat P, Oearsakul T, Saeheng S, Chowchuvech V. Non-shaved ventriculoperitoneal shunt in Thailand. J Clin Neurosci 2005;12:147–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scherpereel B. [No hair shaving.]. Neurochirurgie 1993;39: 374–375. (Fr).
   Google Scholar
• Sheinberg MA, Ross DA. Cranial procedures without hair removal. Neurosurgery 1999;44:1263–1266.
   Google Scholar
• Siddique MS, Matai V, Sutcliffe JC. The preoperative skin shave in neurosurgery: is it justified? Br J Neurosurg 1998;12:131–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang K, Yeh JS, Sgouros S. The influence of hair shave on the infection rate in neurosurgery. A prospective study. Pediatr Neurosurg 2001;35:13–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tokimura H, Tajitsu K, Tsuchiya M, et al. Cranial surgery without head shaving. J Craniomaxillofac Surg2009 37:477–480.
   Google Scholar
• Hwang SC, Kim SK, Park KW, et al. Outpatient-based scalp surgery without shaving and allowing use of shampoo. World Neurosurg 2012;77:391–393.
   Google Scholar
• Delgado-Lopez PD, Martin-Velasco V, Castilla-Diez JM, Galacho-Harriero AM, Rodriguez-Salazar A. Preservation of bone flap after craniotomy infection. Neurocirugia 2009:20;124–131.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korinek AM, Golmard JL, Elcheick A, et al. Risk factors for neurosurgical site infections after craniotomy: a critical reappraisal of antibiotic prophylaxis on 4578 patients. Brit J Neurosurg 2005;19:155–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erman T, Demirhindi H, Gocer AI, et al. Risk factors for surgical site infections in neurosurgery patients with antibiotic prophylaxis. Surgical Neurol 2005;63:107–113.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Korinek AM. Risk factors for neurosurgical site infections after craniotomy: a prospective multicentre study of 2944 patients. Neurosurg 1997;41:1073–1081.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar