Using surface electromyography to guide the activation during motor-evoked potential measurement: An activation control method for follow-up studies

References

• Kobayashi M, Pascual-Leone A. Transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurology. Lancet Neurology 2003;2:145–156
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendricks HT, Zwarts MJ, Plat EF, van Limbeek J. Systematic review for the early prediction of motor and functional outcome after stroke by using motor-evoked potentials. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002;83:1303–1308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stinear CM, Barber PA, Smale PR, Coxon JP, Fleming MK, Byblow WD. Functional potential in chronic stroke patients depends on corticospinal tract integrity. Brain 2006;130:170–180
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Kuijk AA, Pasman JW, Hendricks HT, Zwarts MJ, Geurts ACH. Predicting hand motor recovery in severe stroke: The role of motor evoked potentials in relation to early clinical assessment. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2008;23:45–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendricks HT, van Limbeek J, Geurts AC, Zwarts MJ. Motor recovery after stroke: A systematic review of the literature. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2002;83:1629–1637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Traversa R, Cicinelli P, Oliveri M, Giuseppina Palmieri M, Filippi MM, Pasqualetti P, Rossini PM. Neurophysiological follow-up of motor cortical output in stroke patients. Clinical Neurophysiology 2000;111:1695--1703
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everaert DG, Thompson AK, Su Ling C, Stein RB. Does functional electrical stimulation for foot drop strengthen corticospinal connections? Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2009;24:168–177
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Lazzaro V, Profice P, Pilato F, Capone F, Ranieri F, Pasqualetti P, Colosimo C, Pravata E, Cianfoni A, Dileone M. Motor cortex plasticity predicts recovery in acute stroke. Cerebral Cortex 2009;20:1523–1528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forrester LW, Hanley DF, Macko RF. Effects of treadmill exercise on transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced excitability to quadriceps after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006;87:229–234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang RY, Tseng HY, Liao KK, Wang CJ, Lai KL, Yang YR. RTMS combined with task-oriented training to improve symmetry of interhemispheric corticomotor excitability and gait performance after stroke: A randomized trial. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2012;26:222–230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terao Y, Ugawa Y, Sakai K, Uesaka Y, Kohara N, Kanazawa I. Transcranial stimulation of the leg area of the motor cortex in humans. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1994;89:378–383
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheaton LA, Villagra F, Hanley DF, Macko RF, Forrester LW. Reliability of TMS motor evoked potentials in quadriceps of subjects with chronic hemiparesis after stroke. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2009;276:115–117
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacchio A, Paoloni M, Cimini N, Mangone M, Liris G, Aloisi P, Santilli V, Marrelli A. Reliability of tms-related measures of tibialis anterior muscle in patients with chronic stroke and healthy subjects. Journal of Neurological Sciences 2011;303:90–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis GN, Signal N, Taylor D. Reliability of lower limb motor evoked potentials in stroke and healthy populations: How many responses are needed? Clinical Neurophysiology 2014;125:748–754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim CL, Yiannikas C. Motor evoked potentials: A new method of controlled facilitation using quantitative surface EMG. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 1992;85:38–41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rothwell JC, Thompson PD, Day BL, Dick JP, Kachi T, Cowan JM, Marsden CD. Motor cortex stimulation in intact man. 1. General characteristics of EMG responses in different muscles. Brain 1987;110:1173–1190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Luca CJ. The use of surface electromyography in biomechanics. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 1997;13:135–163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki H, Conwit RA, Stashuk D, Santarsiero L, Metter EJ. Relationships between surface-detected EMG signals and motor unit activation. Medical Science and Sports Exercise 2002;34:1509–1517
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banks JL, Marotta CA. Outcomes validity and reliability of the modified rankin scale: Implications for stroke clinical trials: A literature review and synthesis. Stroke 2007;38:1091–1096
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladstone DJ, Danells CJ, Black SE. The Fugl-Meyer assessment of motor recovery after stroke: A critical review of its measurement properties. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 2002;16:232–240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunnstrom S. Motor testing procedures in hemiplegia: Based on sequential recovery stages. Physical Therapy 1966;46:357–375
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin MR, Hwang HF, Hu MH, Wu HD, Wang YW, Huang FC. Psychometric comparisons of the timed up and go, one-leg stand, functional reach, and Tinetti balance measures in community-dwelling older people. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 2004;52:1343–1348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sulter G, Steen C, De Keyser J. Use of the Barthel index and modified Rankin scale in acute stroke trials. Stroke 1999;30:1538–1541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thickbroom GW, Byrnes ML, Archer SA, Mastaglia FL. Motor outcome after subcortical stroke: MEPS correlate with hand strength but not dexterity. Clinical Neurophysiology 2002;113:2025–2029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brouwer BJ, Schryburt-Brown K. Hand function and motor cortical output poststroke: Are they related? Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006;87:627–634
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar