Assessment of higher level cognitive-communication functions in adolescents with ABI: Standardization of the student version of the functional assessment of verbal reasoning and executive strategies (S-FAVRES)

References

• Anderson V, Catroppa C, Morse S, Haritou F, Rosenfeld J. Functional plasticity or vulnerability after early brain injury? Pediatrics 2005;116:1374–1382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catroppa C, Anderson V. Planning, problem-solving and organizational abilities in children following traumatic brain injury: intervention techniques. Pediatric Rehabilitation 2006;9:89–97.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ciccia AH, Meulenbroek P, Turkstra LS. Adolescent brain and cognitive developments. Topics in Language Disorders 2009;29:249–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis M, Simic N, Agostino A, Taylor HG, Bigler ED, Rubin K, Vannatta K, Gerhardt C a, Stancin T, Yeates KO. Irony and empathy in children with traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2013;19:338–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerrard-Morris A, Taylor HG, Yeates KO, Walz NC, Stancin T, Minich N, Wade SL. Cognitive development after traumatic brain injury in young children. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society  2010;16:157–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green CR, Mihic a M, Nikkel SM, Stade BC, Rasmussen C, Munoz DP, Reynolds JN. Executive function deficits in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) measured using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Tests Automated Battery (CANTAB). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines 2009;50:688–697.
   Google Scholar
• Rosema S, Crowe L, Anderson V. Social function in children and adolescents after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review 1989-2011. Journal of Neurotrauma 2012;29:1277–1291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Williams WH, Tonks J, Frampton I. Measuring social cognition in adolescents: implications for students with TBI returning to school. NeuroRehabilitation 2008;23:501–509.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, DeBonis D. Executive function impairment in adolescence: TBI and ADHD. Topics in Language Disorders 2000;20:29–57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rivara FP, Koepsell TD, Wang J, Temkin N, Dorsch A, Vavilala MS, Durbin D, Jaffe KM. Disability 3, 12, and 24 months after traumatic brain injury among children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1129–1138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS. Should my shirt be tucked in or left out? The communication context of adolescence. Aphasiology 2000;14:349–364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeates KO, Swift E, Taylor HG, Wade SL, Drotar D, Stancin T, Minich N. Short- and long-term social outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2004;10:412–426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy MRT, Krause MO, Turkstra LS. An electronic survey about college experiences after traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2008;23:511–520.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mealings M, Douglas J. “School”s a big part of your life’: adolescent perspectives of their school participation following traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment 2010;11:1–16. Available online at: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1443964600001960, accessed 9 January 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, Hanks R, Johnson-Greene D. Rehabilitation of children and adults with cognitive-communication disorders after brain injury. ASHA technical report 2003 61–31.
   Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, Turkstra LS, Coelho C. Behavioral and social interventions for individuals with traumatic brain injury: a summary of the research with clinical implications. Seminars in Speech and Language 2005;26:256–267.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Babikian T, Asarnow R. Neurocognitive outcomes and recovery after pediatric TBI: meta-analytic review of the literature. Neuropsychology 2009;23:283–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt AT, Hanten GR, Li X, Orsten KD, Levin HS. Emotion recognition following pediatric traumatic brain injury: longitudinal analysis of emotional prosody and facial emotion recognition. Neuropsychologia 2010;48:2869–2877.
   Google Scholar
• Sonnenberg LK, Dupuis A, Rumney PG. Pre-school traumatic brain injury and its impact on social development at 8 years of age. Brain Injury 2010;24:1003–1007.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson VA, Catroppa C, Dudgeon P, Morse SA, Haritou F, Rosenfeld JV. Understanding predictors of functional recovery and outcome 30 months following early childhood head injury. Neuropsychology 2006;20:42–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman SB, McKinnon L. Discussion of developmental plasticity: factors affecting cognitive outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Journal of Communication Disorders 2000;33:333–344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas JM. Using the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire to measure perceived social communication ability in adolescents with traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment 2010;11:171–182.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewing-Cobbs L, Barnes M, Fletcher JM, Levin HS, Swank PR, Song J. Modeling of longitudinal academic achievement scores after pediatric traumatic brain injury. Developmental Neuropsychology 2004;25:107–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Byom LJ. Executive functions and communication in adolescents. The ASHA Leader 2010;15:8–11.
   Google Scholar
• Yeates KO, Bigler ED, Dennis M, Gerhardt CA, Rubin KH, Stancin T, Taylor HG. Social outcomes in childhood brain disorder: a heuristic integration of social neuroscience and developmental psychology. Psychological Bulletin 2007;133:535–556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Coelho C, Ylvisaker M. The use of standardized tests for individuals with cognitive-communication disorders. Seminars in Speech and Language 2005;26:215–222.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chapman SB, Gamino JF, Cook LG, Hanten G, Li X, Levin HS. Impaired discourse gist and working memory in children after brain injury. Brain and Language 2006;97:178–188.
   Google Scholar
• Coelho C, Ylvisaker M, Turkstra LS. Nonstandardized assessment approaches for individuals with traumatic brain injuries. Seminars in Speech and Language 2005;26:223–241.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larkins B, Worrall L, Hickson L. Developing a Traumatic Brain Injury Index for Social and Vocational Communication Outcomes (SAVCO). Brain Impairment 2008;9:247–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinlay A. Controversies and outcomes associated with mild traumatic brain injury in childhood and adolescences. Child Care Health and Development 2010;36:3–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabinowitz AR, Li X, Levin HS. Sport and nonsport etiologies of mild traumatic brain injury: similarities and differences. Annual Review of Psychology 2014;65:301–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCauley S, Wilde E, Anderson V, Bedell G, Beers S, Campbell T, Chapman S, Ewing-Cobbs L, Gerring J, Gioia G, et al. Recommendations for the use of common outcome measures in pediatric traumatic brain injury research. Journal of Neurotrauma 2012;29:678–705.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muscara F, Catroppa C, Anderson V. The impact of injury severity on executive function 7-10 years following pediatric traumatic brain injury. Developmental Neuropsychology 2008;33:623–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hotz G, Helm-Estabrooks N, Nelson NW. Development of the pediatric test of brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2001;16:426–440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slomine B, Eikenberg J, Salorio C, Suskauer S, Trovato M, Christensen J. Preliminary evaluation of the Cognitive and Linguistic Scale: a measure to assess recovery in inpatient rehabilitation following pediatric brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2008;23:286–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saltzman-Benaiah J, Lalonde CE. Developing clinically suitable measures of social cognition for children: initial findings from a normative sample. The Clinical Neuropsychologist 2007;21:294–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hotz G, Helm-Estabrooks N, Nelson NW, Plante E. Pediatric test of brain injury. Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing Co.; 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Choudhury S, Blakemore S-J, Charman T. Social cognitive development during adolescence. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 2006;1:165–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturman D a, Moghaddam B. The neurobiology of adolescence: changes in brain architecture, functional dynamics, and behavioral tendencies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2011;35:1704–1712.
   Google Scholar
• Burnett S, Sebastian C, Cohen Kadosh K, Blakemore S-J. The social brain in adolescence: evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural studies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 2011;35:1654–1664.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin HS, Hanten G. Executive functions after traumatic brain injury in children. Pediatric Neurology 2005;33:79–93.
   Google Scholar
• Hwang K, Velanova K, Luna B. Strengthening of top-down frontal cognitive control networks underlying the development of inhibitory control: a functional magnetic resonance imaging effective connectivity study. The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2010;30:15535–15545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauchamp MH, Anderson V. SOCIAL: an integrative framework for the development of social skills. Psychological Bulletin 2010;136:39–64.
   Google Scholar
• Hanten G, Cook L, Orsten K, Chapman SB, Li X, Wilde Ea, Schnelle KP, Levin HS. Effects of traumatic brain injury on a virtual reality social problem solving task and relations to cortical thickness in adolescence. Neuropsychologia 2011;49:486–497.
   Google Scholar
• Hanten G, Scheibel RS, Li X, Oomer I, Stallings-Roberson G, Hunter JV, Levin HS. Decision-making after traumatic brain injury in children: a preliminary study. Neurocase 2006;12:247–251.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newsome MR, Scheibel RS, Hanten G, Chu Z, Steinberg JL, Hunter J V, Lu H, Vasquez AC, Li X, Lin X, et al. Brain activation while thinking about the self from another person’s perspective after traumatic brain injury in adolescents. Neuropsychology 2010;24:139–147.
   Google Scholar
• Tamnes CK, Østby Y, Walhovd KB, Westlye LT, Due-Tønnessen P, Fjell AM. Neuroanatomical correlates of executive functions in children and adolescents: a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of cortical thickness. Neuropsychologia 2010;48:2496–2508.
   Google Scholar
• Nippold MA, Ward-Lonergan A, Fanning JL. Adolescents and adults: a study of syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic development. Language Speech Hearing Services in the Schools 2005;36:125–138.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS. The positive behavioral momentum of Mark Ylvisaker. Seminars in Speech And Language 2010;31:162–167.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacDonald S, Wiseman-Hakes C. Knowledge translation in ABI rehabilitation: a model for consolidating and applying the evidence for cognitive-communication interventions. Brain Injury  2010;24:486–508.
   Google Scholar
• Goldblum G. Mark Ylvisaker’s influence on scripts, videos, and projects within a South African context. Seminars in Speech and Language 2010;31:177–186.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnes MA, Dennis M. Knowledge-based inferencing after childhood head injury. Brain and Language 2001;76:253–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bracy CA, Douglas JM. Marital dyad perceptions of injured partners’ communications following severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment 2005;6:1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Brookshire BL, Chapman SB, Song J, Levin HS. Cognitive and linguistic correlates of children’s discourse after closed head injury: a three-year follow-up. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2000;6:741–751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis M, Barnes MA. Knowing the meaning, getting the point, bridging the gap, and carrying the message: aspects of discourse following closed head injury in childhood and adolescence. Brain and Language 1990;39:428–446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanten G, Wilde Ea, Menefee DS, Li X, Lane S, Vasquez C, Chu Z, Ramos Ma, Yallampalli R, Swank P, et al. Correlates of social problem solving during the first year after traumatic brain injury in children. Neuropsychology 2008;22:357–370.
   Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, McDonald S, DePompei R. Social information processing in adolescents: data from normally developing adolescents and preliminary data from their peers with traumatic brain injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2001;16:469–483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Holland AL, Bays GA. The Neuroscience of recovery and rehabilitation: what have we learned from animal research? Archives of Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation 2003;84:604–612.
   Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Dixon TM, Baker KK. Theory of Mind and social beliefs in adolescents with traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2004;19:245–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald S, Turkstra L, Togher L. Pragmatic Language Impairment after brain injury: social implications and treatment models. In: Anderson V, Beauchamp M, editors. Developmental social neuroscience: contributions to childhood brain disorders. New York, NY: Guilford Press; 2012. p 325–349.
   Google Scholar
• Wong SBC, Chapman SB, Cook LG, Anand R, Gamino JF, Sr MDD. A SPECT study of language and brain reorganization three years after pediatric brain injury. Progress in Brain Research 2006;157:173–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Struchen MA, Clark AN, Sander AM, Mills MR, Evans G, Kurtz D. Relation of executive functioning and social communication measures to functional outcomes following traumatic brain injury. NeuroRehabilitation 2008;23:185–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Togher L, McDonald S, Code C. Social communication disorders after TBI. In: McDonald S, Togher L, Code C, editors. Social communication disorders following traumatic brain injury. 2nd ed. Hove, UK: Psychology Press; 2014. p 1–25.
   Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, Turkstra L, Coehlo C, Yorkston K, Kennedy M, Sohlberg MM, Avery J. Behavioural interventions for children and adults with behaviour disorders after TBI: a systematic review of the evidence. Brain Injury 2007;21:769–805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis M, Purvis K, Barnes MA, Wilkinson M, Winner E. Understanding of literal truth, ironic criticism, and deceptive praise following childhood head injury. Brain and Language 2001;78:1–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartley LL. Cognitive-communicative abilities following brain injury: a functional approach. San Diego, CA: Singular Publishing; 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Krumnack A, Bucher L, Nejasmic J, Nebel B, Knauff M. A model for relational reasoning as verbal reasoning. Cognitive Systems Research 2011;12:377–392.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galotti KM. Approaches to studying formal and everyday reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 1989;105:331.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krawczyk DC, Hanten G, Wilde EA, Li X, Schnelle KP, Merkley TL, Vasquez AC, Cook LG, McClelland M, Chapman SB, Levin HS. Deficits in analogical reasoning in adolescents with traumatic brain injury. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2010;4:13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kennedy MRT, Coelho C, Turkstra L, Ylvisaker M, Sohlberg McKay Moore, Yorkston K, Chiou H-H, Kan P-F. Intervention for executive functions after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review, meta-analysis and clinical recommendations. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation 2008;18:257–299.
   Google Scholar
• Marlowe WB. An intervention for children with disorders of executive functions. Developmental Neuropsychology 2000;18:445–454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, Szekeres S, Feeney T, Chapey R. Communication disorders associated with traumatic brain injury. In: Chapey R, editor. Language intervention strategies in aphasia and related neurogenic communication disorders; 2001. p 745–808.
   Google Scholar
• Cicerone KD. Remediation of “working attention” in mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2002;16:185–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson P. Assessment and development of executive function during childhood. Child Neuropsychology 2002;8:71–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganesalingam K, Yeates KO, Taylor HG, Walz NC, Stancin T, Wade S. Executive functions and social competence in young children 6 months following traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychology 2011;25:466–476.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krumnack A, Bucher L, Nejasmic J, Nebel E, Knauff M. A model for relational reasoning as verbal reasoning. Cognitive Systems Research 2011;12:377–392.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt AT, Hanten GR, Li X, Orsten KD, Levin HS. Emotion recognition following pediatric traumatic brain injury: longitudinal analysis of emotional prosody and facial emotion recognition. Neuropsychologia 2010;48:2869–2877.
   Google Scholar
• Gioia GA, Isquith PK. Ecological assessment of executive function in traumatic brain injury. Developmental Neuropsychology 2004;25:135–158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy MRT, Coelho C. Self-regulation after traumatic brain injury: a framework for intervention of memory and problem solving. Seminars in Speech and Language 2005;26:242–255.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stuss DT. Functions of the frontal lobes: relation to executive functions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2011;17:759–765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crick NR, Dodge KA. A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children’s social adjustment. Psychological Bulletin 1994;115:74–101.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baron-Cohen S. Social and pragmatic deficits in autism: cognitive or affective? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 1988;18:379–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed FS, Stephen Miller L. Executive function mechanisms of theory of mind. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2011;41:667–678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bibby H, McDonald S. Theory of mind after traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychologia 2005;43:99–114.
   Google Scholar
• Martin I, Mcdonald S. An exploration of causes of non-literal language problems in individuals with asperger syndrome. Autism 2004;34:311–328.
   Google Scholar
• Struchen Ma, Pappadis MR, Mazzei DK, Clark AN, Davis LC, Sander AM. Perceptions of communication abilities for persons with traumatic brain injury: validity of the La Trobe Communication Questionnaire. Brain Injury 2008;22:940–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman SB, McKinnon L, Levin HS, Song J, Meier MC, Chiu S. Longitudinal outcome of verbal discourse in children with traumatic brain injury: three-year follow-up. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2001;16:441–455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes J, Orange JB. Mapping functional communication measurements for traumatic brain injury to the WHO-ICF Représenter les mesures de communication fonctionnelle des traumatismes cranio-cérébraux par rapport à la CIF. Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology 2007;31:134–143.
   Google Scholar
• MacDonald S, Johnson CJ. Utility of a verbal reasoning test in indicating vocational readiness following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 1996;10:531–542.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald S, Johnson CJ. Assessment of subtle cognitive-communication deficits following acquired brain injury: a normative study of the Functional Assessment of Verbal Reasoning and Executive Strategies (FAVRES). Brain Injury 2005;19:895–902.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Struchen M, Pappadis MR, Sander AM, Burrows CS, Myszka Ka. Examining the contribution of social communication abilities and affective/behavioral functioning to social integration outcomes for adults with traumatic brain injury. The Journal Of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2011;26:30–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcdonald S. Exploring the process of inference generation in sarcasm : a review of normal and clinical studies. Brain and Language 1999;506:486–506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barker La, Andrade J, Morton N, Romanowski CaJ, Bowles DP. Investigating the “latent” deficit hypothesis: age at time of head injury, implicit and executive functions and behavioral insight. Neuropsychologia 2010;48:2550–2563.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duff MC, Proctor A, Haley K. Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI): assessment and treatment procedures used by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Brain Injury 2002;16:773–787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ylvisaker M, Feeney T. Traumatic brain injury in adolescence: assessment and re-integration. Seminars in Speech and Language 1995;16:32–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miller EK, Cohen JD. An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2001;24:167–202.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dean PJ, Sterr A. Long-term effects of mild traumatic brain injury on cognitive performance. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2013;7:30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barwood CHS, Murdoch BE. Unravelling the influence of mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) on cognitive-linguistic processing: a comparative group analysis. Brain Injury 2013;27:671–676.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blyth T, Scott A, Bond A, Paul E. A comparison of two assessments of high level cognitive communication disorders in mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2012;26:234–240.
   Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Brehm SE, Montgomery EB. Analysing conversational discourse after traumatic brain injury: isn’t it about time? Brain Impairment 2006;7:234–245.
   Google Scholar
• Turkstra LS, Flora TL. Compensating for executive function impairments after TBI : a single case study of functional intervention. Journal of Communication Disorders 2002;35:467–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeBlanc JM, Hayden ME, Paulman RG. A comparison of neuropsychological and situational assessment for predicting employability after closed head injury. The Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2000;15:1022–1040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silver CH. Ecological validity of neuropsychological assessment in childhood traumatic brain injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 2000;15:973–988.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shordone, R., Guilmett TJ. Ecological validity; Prediction of everyday and vocational functioning from neuropsychological test data. In: Sweet J, editor. Forensic neuropsychology: fundamentals and practice. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger; 1999. p 227–334.
   Google Scholar
• WHO. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001. p 237.
   Google Scholar
• Chevignard MP, Soo C, Galvin J, Catroppa C, Eren S. Ecological assessment of cognitive functions in children with acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Brain Injury 2012;26:1033–1057.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rietdijk R, Simpson G, Togher L, Power E, Gillett L. An exploratory prospective study of the association between communication skills and employment outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2013;27:812–818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuss DT. The neuropsychology of the frontal lobes. B.N.I. Quarterly 1987;7:28–33.
   Google Scholar
• Lezak MD. Newer contributions to the neuropsychological assessment of executive functions. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 1993;8:24–31.
   Google Scholar
• Isaki EMI, Turkstra LYN. Communication abilities and work re-entry following traumatic brain injury. Brain Injury 2000;14:441–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrish C, Roth C, Roberts B, Davie G. Assessment of cognitive-communicative disorders of mild traumatic brain injury sustained in combat. Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 2009;19:47–57.
   Google Scholar
• Schneider SL, Haack, L, Owens, J, Herrington, DP, Zelek, A. An interdisciplinary treatment approach for soldiers with TBI/PTSD: issues and outcomes. Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders 2009;19:31–33.
   Google Scholar
• Hagen C, Malkmus D, Gurditt G. 1979. Intervention strategies for language disorders secondary to head trauma. Short course presented to the American Speech-Language Hearing Association, Atlanta.
   Google Scholar
• Aiken L. Psychological testing and assessment. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon; 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Kline P. 1993. The handbook of psychological testing. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hopkins RO, Tate DF, Bigler ED. Anoxic versus traumatic brain injury: amount of tissue loss, not etiology, alters cognitive and emotional function. Neuropsychology 2005;19:233–242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavakol M, Dennick R. Making sense of Cronbach’s alpha. International Journal of Medical Education 2011;2:53–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cronbach L. Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika 1951;16:297–335.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanova MV, Hallowell B. A tutorial on aphasia test development in any language: key substantive and psychometric considerations. Aphasiology 2013;27:891–920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gioia GA, Isquith PK, Guy SC, Kenworthy L. Behavior rating inventory of executive function. Child Neuropsychology: a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence 2000;6:235–238.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braga LW, da Paz Júnior a C, Ylvisaker M. Direct clinician-delivered versus indirect family-supported rehabilitation of children with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. Brain Injury 2005;19:819–831.
   Google Scholar
• Cook DA, Beckman TJ. Current concepts in validity and reliability for psychometric instruments: Theory and application. American Journal of Medicine 2006;119:166.e7–166.e16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mueller JA, Dollaghan C. A systematic review of assessments for identifying executive function impairment in adults with acquired brain injury. 2013;56:1044–1092
   Google Scholar