REFERENCES
- Yin Z, Pintea V, Lin Y et al. Vitamin D enhances corneal epithelial barrier function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011;52:7359–7364.
- Millen AE, Voland R, Sondel SA et al. CAREDS Study Group. Vitamin D status and early age-related macular degeneration in postmenopausal women. Arch Ophthalmol 2011;129:481–489.
- Veth KN, Willer JR, Collery RF et al. Mutations in zebrafish lrp2 result in adult-onset ocular pathogenesis that models myopia and other risk factors for glaucoma. PLoS Genet 2011;7:e1001310.
- Gipson IK, Spurr-Michaud S, Argüeso P et al. Mucin gene expression in immortalized human corneal-limbal and conjunctival epithelial cell lines. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44:2496–2506.
- Gilad LA, Tirosh O, Schwartz B. Phytoestrogens regulate transcription and translation of vitamin D receptor in colon cancer cells. J Endocrinol 2006;191:387–398.
- Díaz L, Sánchez I, Avila E et al. Identification of a 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase gene transcription product in cultures of human syncytiotrophoblast cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2543–2549.
- Singleton KR, Will DS, Schotanus MP et al. Elevated extracellular K+ inhibits apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells exposed to UV-B radiation. Exp Eye Res 2009;89:140–151.
- Aronov PA, Hall LM, Dettmer K et al. Metabolic profiling of major vitamin D metabolites using Diels-Alder derivatization and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008;391:1917–1930.
- Dwivedi PP, Gao XH, Tan JC et al. A role for the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase–protein kinase C zeta–Sp1 pathway in the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induction of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 24-hydroxylase gene in human kidney cells. Cell Signal 2010;22:543–552.
- Jones G, Strugnell SA, DeLuca HF. Current understanding of the molecular actions of vitamin D. Physiol Rev 1998;78:1193–1231.
- Kállay E, Bises G, Bajna E et al. Colon-specific regulation of vitamin D hydroxylases–a possible approach for tumor prevention. Carcinogenesis 2005;26:1581–1589.
- Somjen D, Weisman Y, Kohen F et al. 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1alpha-hydroxylase is expressed in human vascular smooth muscle cells and is upregulated by parathyroid hormone and estrogenic compounds. Circulation 2005;111:1666–1671.
- Townsend K, Banwell CM, Guy M et al. Autocrine metabolism of vitamin D in normal and malignant breast tissue. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:3579–3586.
- Fairham J, Harcourt-Brown FM. Preliminary investigation of the vitamin D status of pet rabbits. Vet Rec 1999;145:452–454.
- El Shorafa WM, Feaster JP, Ott EA et al. Effect of vitamin D and sunlight on growth and bone development of young ponies. J Anim Sci 1979;48:882–886.
- Smith BS, Wright H. Relative contributions of diet and sunshine to the overall vitamin D status of the grazing ewe. Vet Rec 1984;115:537–538.
- Brommage R, Miller SC, Langman CB et al. The effects of chronic vitamin D deficiency on the skeleton in the adult rabbit. Bone 1988;9:131–139.
- Long JF, Nagode LA, Steinmeyer CL et al. Comparative effects of calcitriol and parathyroid hormone on serum aluminum in vitamin D-depleted rabbits fed an aluminum-supplemented diet. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1994;83:3–14.
- Rajasree S, Umashankar PR, Lal AV et al. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor is upregulated in aortic smooth muscle cells during hypervitaminosis D. Life Sci 2002;70:1777–1788.
- Nykjaer A, Dragun D, Walther D et al. An endocytic pathway essential for renal uptake and activation of the steroid 25-(OH) vitamin D3. Cell 1999;96:507–515.
- Nykjaer A, Fyfe JC, Kozyraki R et al. Cubilin dysfunction causes abnormal metabolism of the steroid hormone 25(OH) vitamin D(3). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:13895–13900.
- Hollis BW. Comparison of equilibrium and disequilibrium assay conditions for ergocalciferol, cholecalciferol and their major metabolites. J Steroid Biochem 1984;21:81–86.
- Houghton LA, Vieth R. The case against ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) as a vitamin supplement. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;84:694–697.
- Breslau NA, Weinstock RS. Regulation of 1,25 (OH)2D synthesis in hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism. Am J Physiol 1988;255:E730–E736.
- Bevilacqua M, Dominguez LJ, Gandolini G et al. Vitamin D substrate-product relationship in idiopathic hypercalciuria. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2009;113:3–8.
- Breslau NA. Normal and abnormal regulation of 1,25-(OH)2D synthesis. Am J Med Sci 1988;296:417–425.
- Parfitt AM, Mathews CH, Brommage R et al. Calcitriol but no other metabolite of vitamin D is essential for normal bone growth and development in the rat. J Clin Invest 1984;73:576–586.
- St-Arnaud R, Glorieux FH. 24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D–active metabolite or inactive catabolite? Endocrinology 1998;139:3371–3374.
- Norman AW, Okamura WH, Bishop JE et al. Update on biological actions of 1alpha,25(OH)2-vitamin D3 (rapid effects) and 24R,25(OH)2-vitamin D3. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2002;197:1–13.
- Boyan BD, Sylvia VL, Dean DD et al. Differential regulation of growth plate chondrocytes by 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 and 24R,25-(OH)2D3 involves cell-maturation-specific membrane-receptor-activated phospholipid metabolism. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med 2002;13:143–154.
- Boyan BD, Jennings EG, Wang L et al. Mechanisms regulating differential activation of membrane-mediated signaling by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2004;89-90:309–315.
- Lehmann B, Rudolph T, Pietzsch J et al. Conversion of vitamin D3 to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in human skin equivalents. Exp Dermatol 2000;9:97–103.
- Seifert M, Tilgen W, Reichrath J. Expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase (1alphaOHase, CYP27B1) splice variants in HaCaT keratinocytes and other skin cells: modulation by culture conditions and UV-B treatment in vitro. Anticancer Res 2009;29:3659–3667.
- Barragry JM, France MW, Corless D et al. Intestinal cholecalciferol absorption in the elderly and in younger adults. Clin Sci Mol Med 1978;55:213–220.
- Clemens TL, Zhou XY, Myles M et al. Serum vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 metabolite concentrations and absorption of vitamin D2 in elderly subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986;63:656–660.
- Gray RW, Caldas AE, Wilz DR et al. Metabolism and excretion of 3H-1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3 in healthy adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1978;46:756–765.
- Cenedella RJ, Fleschner CR. Cholesterol biosynthesis by the cornea. Comparison of rates of sterol synthesis with accumulation during early development. J Lipid Res 1989;30:1079–1084.
- Atchaneeyasakul LO, Linck LM, Connor WE et al. Eye findings in 8 children and a spontaneously aborted fetus with RSH/Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. Am J Med Genet 1998;80:501–505.