Staphylococcus Aureus Infection of the Rabbit Cornea Following Topical Administration

REFERENCES

• Afshari NA, Ma JJ, Duncan SM et al. Trends in resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, and gentamicin in the treatment of bacterial keratitis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2008;24:217–223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexandrakis G, Alfonso EC, Miller D. Shifting trends in bacterial keratitis in south Florida and emerging resistance to fluoroquinolones. Ophthalmology 2000;107:1497–1502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marangon FB, Miller D, Alfonso EC. Impact of prior therapy on the recovery and frequency of corneal pathogens. Cornea 2004;23:158–164.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mah-Sadorra JH, Yavuz SG, Najjar DM et al. Trends in contact lens-related corneal ulcers. Cornea 2005;24:51–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green M, Apel A, Stapleton F. Risk factors and causative organisms in microbial keratitis. Cornea 2008;27:22–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Rojas V, Llovet F, Martínez M et al. Infectious keratitis in 18,651 laser surface ablation procedures. J Cataract Refract Surg 2011;37:1822–1831.
   Google Scholar
• Solomon R, Donnenfeld ED, Holland EJ et al. Microbial keratitis trends following refractive surgery: results of the ASCRS infectious keratitis survey and comparisons with prior ASCRS surveys of infectious keratitis following keratorefractive procedures. J Cataract Refract Surg 2011;37:1343–1350.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McClellan KA. Mucosal defense of the outer eye. Surv Ophthalmol 1997;42:233–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matoba AY, Hamill RJ, Osata MS. The effects of fibronectin on the adherence of bacteria to corneal epithelium. Cornea 1991;10:387–389.
   Google Scholar
• Hume EB, Dajcs JJ, Moreau JM et al. Staphylococcus corneal virulence in a new topical model of infection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42:2904–2908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau JM, Girgis DO, Hume EB et al. Phospholipase A(2) in rabbit tears: a host defense against Staphylococcus aureus. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42:2347–2354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girgis DO, Dajcs JJ, O’Callaghan RJ. Phospholipase A2 activity in normal and Staphylococcus aureus-infected rabbit eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44:197–202.
   Google Scholar
• Cullor JS, Mannis MJ, Murphy CJ et al. In vitro antimicrobial activity of defensins against ocular pathogens. Arch Ophthalmol 1990;108:861–864.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haynes RJ, Tighe PJ, Dua HS. Antimicrobial defensin peptides of the human ocular surface. Br J Ophthalmol 1999;83:737–741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garreis F, Gottschalt M, Paulsen FP. Antimicrobial peptides as a major part of the innate immune defense at the ocular surface. Dev Ophthalmol 2010;45:16–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Callegan MC, Hobden JA, Hill JM et al. Topical antibiotic therapy for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1992;33:3017–3023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gudmundsson OG, Ormerod LD, Kenyon KR et al. Factors influencing predilection and outcome in bacterial keratitis. Cornea 1989;8:115–121.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sack RA, Tan KO, Tan A. Diurnal tear cycle: evidence for a nocturnal inflammatory constitutive tear fluid. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1992;33:626–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan KO, Sack RA, Holden BA et al. Temporal sequence of changes in tear film composition during sleep. Curr Eye Res 1993;12:1001–1007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callegan MC, Engel LS, Hill JM et al. Corneal virulence of Staphylococcus aureus: roles of α-toxin and protein A in pathogenesis. Infect Immun 1994;62:2478–2482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sloop GD, Moreau JM, Conerly LL et al. Acute inflammation of the eyelid and cornea in Staphylococcus keratitis in the rabbit. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999;40:385–391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams RN, Paterson CA, Eakins KE et al. Quantification of ocular inflammation: evaluation of polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration by measuring myeloperoxidase activity. Curr Eye Res 1982;2:465–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick CC, Caballero AR, Balzli CL et al. Diverse virulence of Staphylococcus aureus strains for the conjunctiva. Curr Eye Res 2011;36:14–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dajcs JJ, Austin MS, Sloop GD et al. Corneal pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus strain Newman. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:1109–1115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakazu A, Sharma G, Bazan HE. Association of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs)-1B with c-Met receptor and modulation of corneal epithelial wound healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008;49:2927–2935.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taheri F, Bazan HE. Platelet-activating factor overturns the transcriptional repressor disposition of Sp1 in the expression of MMP-9 in human corneal epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:1931–1941.
   Google Scholar
• Balzli CL, Bartell J, Dajcs JJ et al. A highly virulent Staphylococcus aureus: rabbit anterior chamber infection, characterization, and genetic analysis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010;51:5114–5120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Callaghan RJ, Callegan MC, Moreau JM et al. Specific roles of α-toxin and β-toxin during Staphylococcus aureus corneal infection. Infect Immun 1997;65:1571–1578.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreau JM, Sloop GD, Engel LS et al. Histopathological studies of staphylococcal α-toxin: effects on rabbit corneas. Curr Eye Res 1997;16:1221–1228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermans K, Devriese LA, Haesebrouck F. Rabbit staphylococcosis: difficult solutions for serious problems. Vet Microbiol 2003;91:57–64.
   Google Scholar
• Smyth DS, Hartigan PJ, Meaney WJ et al. Superantigen genes encoded by the egc cluster and SaPIbov are predominant among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from cows, goats, sheep, rabbits and poultry. J Med Microbiol 2005;54:401–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pantosti A. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with animals and Its relevance to human health. Front Microbiol 2012;3:127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald JR. Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus: origin, evolution and public health threat. Trends Microbiol 2012;20:192–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bramble M, Morris D, Tolomeo P et al. Potential role of pet animals in household transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a narrative review. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2011;11:617–620.
   Google Scholar
• Ferreira JP, Anderson KL, Correa MT et al. Transmission of MRSA between companion animals and infected human patients presenting to outpatient medical care facilities. PLoS ONE 2011;6:e26978.
   Google Scholar
• Morris DO, Lautenbach E, Zaoutis T et al. Potential for pet animals to harbour methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus when residing with human MRSA patients. Zoonoses Public Health 2012;59:286–293.
   Google Scholar