1,144
Views
119
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
REVIEW ARTICLE

Asthma and Cigarette Smoking: A Review of the Empirical Literature

, Ph.D. & , Ph.D.
Pages 345-361 | Published online: 09 Jun 2010

References

  • Reed CE. The natural history of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118:543–548.
  • Shapiro GG. Among young children who wheeze, which children will have persistent asthma? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118:562–564.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and productivity losses—United States, 2000–2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008; 57:1226–1228.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2004.
  • Frank PI, Hazell ML, Morris JA, Linehan MF, Frank TL. A longitudinal study of changes in respiratory status in young adults, 1993–2001. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007; 11:338–343.
  • Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R. Asthma in smokers: challenges and opportunities. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009; 15:39–45.
  • Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R, Livingston E. Asthma and cigarette smoking. Eur Respir J 2004; 24:822–833.
  • Kazdin AE, Kraemer HC, Kessler RC, Kupfer DJ, Offord DR. Contributions of risk-factor research to developmental psychopathology. Clin Psychol Rev 1997; 17:475–406.
  • Kraemer HC, Kazdin AE, Offord DR, Kessler RC, Jensen PS, Kupfer DJ. Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54:337–343.
  • Kraemer HC, Stice E, Kazdin A, Offord D, Kupfer D. How do risk factors work together? Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158:848–856.
  • Kraemer HC, Lowe KK, Kupfer DJ. To Your Health: How to Understand What Research Tells Us About Risk. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
  • Kiviloog J, Irnell L, Eklund G. The prevalence of bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis in smokers and non-smokers in a representative local Swedish population. Scand J Respir Dis 1974; 55:262–276.
  • Chen Y, Dales R, Krewski D, Breithaupt K. Increased effects of smoking and obesity on asthma among female Canadians: the National Population Health Survey, 1994–1995. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150:255–262.
  • Zbikowski SM, Klesges RC, Robinson LA, Alfano CM. Risk factors for smoking among adolescents with asthma. J Adolesc Health 2002; 30:279–287.
  • Precht DH, Keiding L, Madsen M. Smoking patterns among adolescents with asthma attending upper secondary schools: a community-based study. Pediatrics 2003; 111:e562–e568.
  • Annesi-Maesano I, Oryszczyn MP, Raherison C, Kopferschmitt C, Pauli G, Taytard A, Tunon de Lara M, Vervloet D, Charpin D. Increased prevalence of asthma and allied diseases among active adolescent tobacco smokers after controlling for passive smoke exposure: a cause for concern? Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:1017–1023.
  • Hedmen L, Bjerg A, Perzanowski M, Sundberg S, Rönmark E. Factors related to tobacco use among teenagers. Respir Med 2007; 101:496–502.
  • Jones SE, Merkle S, Wheeler L, Mannino DM, Crossett L. Tobacco and other drug use among high school students with asthma. J Adolesc Health 2006; 39:291–294.
  • Hublet A, De Bacquer D, Boyce W, Godeau E, Schmid H, Vereecken C, De Baets F, Maes L. Smoking in young people with asthma. J Public Health 2007; 29:343–349.
  • Avila L, Soto-Martínez ME, Soto-Quirós ME, Celedón JC. Asthma, current wheezing, and tobacco use among adolescents and young adults in Costa Rica. J Asthma 2005; 42:543–547.
  • Frank P, Morris J, Hazell M, Linehan M, Frank T. Smoking, respiratory symptoms and likely asthma in young people: evidence from postal questionnaire surveys in the Wythenshawe Community Asthma Project (WYCAP). BMC Pulm Med 2006; 6:10–15.
  • Langhammer A, Johnsen R, Holmen J, Gulsvik A, Bjermer L. Cigarette smoking gives more respiratory symptoms among women than among men: the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT). J Epidemiol Community Health 2000; 54:917–922.
  • Backer V, Nepper-Christensen S, Ulrik CS, von Linstow ML, Porsbjerg C. Factors associated with asthma in young Danish adults. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2002; 89:148–154.
  • Yun S, Chenetsa F, Kelsey A, Zhu BP. Active and passive smoking among asthmatic Missourians: implications for health education. Prev Med 2006; 42:286–290.
  • Gwynn RC. Risk factors for asthma in U.S. adults: results from the 2000 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J Asthma 2004; 41:91–98.
  • Rose D, Mannino DM, Leaderer BP. Asthma prevalence among U.S. adults, 1998–2000: role of Puerto Rican ethnicity and behavioral and geographic factors. Am J Public Health 2006; 96:880–888.
  • Kim YK, Kim SH, Tak YJ, Jee YK, Lee BJ, Kim SH. High prevalence of current asthma and active smoking effect among the elderly. Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32:1706–1712.
  • Silverman RA, Boudreaux ED, Woodruff PG, Clark S, Camargo CA. Cigarette smoking among asthmatic adults presenting to 64 emergency departments. Chest 2003; 123:1472–1479.
  • Miyake Y, Miyamoto S, Ohya Y, Sasaki S, Matsunaga I, Yoshida T, Hirota Y, Oda H, Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study Group. Association of active and passive smoking with allergic disorders in pregnant Japanese women: baseline data from the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2005; 94:644–651.
  • Higgins MW, Keller JB, Metzner HL. Smoking, socioeconomic status, and chronic respiratory disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977; 116:403–410.
  • Senthilselvan A, Chen Y, Dosman JA. Predictors of asthma and wheezing in adults: grain farming, sex, and smoking. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148:667–670.
  • Ben-Noun L. Is there a relationship between smoking and asthma in adults? J Int Med Res 1999; 27:15–21.
  • Eisner MD, Yelin EH, Trupin L, Blanc PD. Asthma and smoking status in a population-based study of California adults. Public Health Rep 2001; 116:148–157.
  • Arif AA, Delclos GL, Lee ES, Tortolero SR, Whitehead LW. Prevalence and risk factors of asthma and wheezing among U.S. adults: an analysis of the NHANES III data. Eur Respir J 2003; 21:827–833.
  • Zimlichman E, Mandel D, Mimouni FB, Shochat T, Grotto I, Kreiss Y. Smoking habits in adolescent with mild to moderate asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol 2004; 38:193–197.
  • Flodin U, Jonsson P, Ziegler J, Axelson O. An epidemiologic study of bronchial asthma and smoking. Epidemiology 1995; 6:503–505.
  • Toren K, Hermansson BA. Incidence rate of adult-onset asthma in relation to age, sex, atopy, and smoking: a Swedish population-based study of 15,813 adults. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 1999; 3:192–197.
  • Rahimi-Rad MH, Gaderi-Pakdel F, Salari-Lak S. Smoking and asthma in 20–44-year-old adults in Urmia, Islamic Repubic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2008; 14:6–16.
  • Polosa R, Knoke JD, Russo C Piccillo G, Caponnetto P, Sarvà M, Proietti L, Al-Delaimy WK. Cigarette smoking is associated with a greater risk of incident asthma in allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 121:1428–1434.
  • Piipari R, Jaakkola JJK, Jaakkola NJaakkola MS. Smoking and asthma in adults. Eur Respir J 2004; 24:734–739.
  • Vesterinen E, Karpio J, Koskenvuo M. Prospective study of asthma in relation to smoking habits among 14,729 adults. Thorax 1988; 43:534–539.
  • Troisi RJ, Speizer FE, Rosner B, Trichopoulos D, Willett WC. Cigarette smoking and incidence of chronic bronchitis and asthma in women. Chest 1995; 108:1557–1561.
  • Plaschke PP, Janson C, Norrman E, Bjornsson E, Ellbjar S, Jarvholm B. Onset and remission of allergic rhinitis and asthma and the relationship with atopic sensitization and smoking. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:920–924.
  • Chen Y, Dales R, Tang M, Krewski D. Sex-related interactive effect of smoking and household pets on asthma incidence. Eur Respir J 2002; 20:1162–1166.
  • Genuneit J, Weinmayr G, Radon K, Dressel H, Windstetter D, Rzehak P et al. Smoking and the incidence of asthma during adolescence: results of a large cohort study in Germany. Thorax 2006; 61:572–578.
  • Gilliland FD, Islam T, Berhane K, Gauderman WJ, McConnell R, Avol W, Peters J. Regular smoking and asthma incidents in adolescents. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:1094–1100.
  • Oeschli FW, Seltzer CC, Van Den Berg BJ. Adolescent smoking and early respiratory disease: a longitudinal study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1987; 59:135–140.
  • Van de Ven MOM, Engels RCME, Kerstjens HAM, Van Den Eijnden RJJM. Bidirectionality in the relationship between asthma and smoking in adolescents: a population-based cohort study. J Adolesc Health 2007; 41:444–454.
  • Martin AJ, Landau LI, Phelan PD. Asthma from childhood at age 21: the patient and his disease. Br Med J 1982; 284:380–382.
  • de Vries MP, Van Den Bemt L, Lince S, Muris JWM, Thoonan BPA, van Schayck CP. Factors associated with asthma control. J Asthma 2005; 42:659–665.
  • Schatz M, Zeiger RS, Vollmer WM, Mosen D, Cook EF. Determinants of future long-term asthma control. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118:1048–1053.
  • McCoy K, Shade DM, Irvin CG, Mastronarde JG, Hanania NA, Castro M, Anthonisen NR. Predicting episodes of poor asthma control in treated patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 118:1226–1233.
  • Laforest L, Van Ganse E, Devouassoux G, Bousquet J, Chretin S, Bauguil G, Pacheco Y, Chamba G. Influence of patients’ characteristics and disease management on asthma control. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117:1404–1410.
  • Starobin D, Bargutin M, Rosenberg I, Yarmolovsky A, Levi T, Fink G. Asthma control and compliance in a cohort of adult asthmatics: first survey in Israel. Israeli Medical Association Journal 2007; 9:358–360.
  • Prieto L, Badiola C, Villa JR, Plaza V, Molina J, Cimas E. Asthma control: do patients’ and physicians’ opinions fit with patients’ asthma control status? J Asthma 2007; 44:461–467.
  • Chaudhuri R, McSharry C, McCoard A, Livingston E, Hothersall E, Spears M, Lafferty J, Thomson NC. Role of symptoms and lung function in determining asthma control in smokers with asthma. Allergy 2008; 63:132–135.
  • Boulet LP, FitzGerald JM, McIvor RA, Zimmerman S, Chapman KR. Influence of current or former smoking on asthma management and control. Can Respir J 2008; 15:275–279.
  • de Miguel Diez J, Barcina C, Munoz M, Leal M. Control of persistent asthma in Spain: associated factors. J Asthma 2008; 45:740–746.
  • Niedoszytko M, Gruchala-Niedoszytko M, Chelminska M, Sieminska A, Jassem E. Persistent impact of cigarette smoking on asthma. J Asthma 2008; 45:495–499.
  • Ulrik CS, Frederiksen J. Mortality and markers of risk of asthma death among 1,075 outpatients with asthma. Chest 1995; 108:10–15.
  • Althuis MD, Sexton M, Prybylski D. Cigarette smoking and asthma symptom severity among adult asthmatics. J Asthma 1999; 36:257–264.
  • Siroux V, Pin I, Oryszczyn MP, Le Moual N, Kauffmann F. Relationships of active smoking to asthma and asthma severity in the EGEA study. Eur Respir J 2000; 15:470–477.
  • Beeh KM, Micke P, Ksoll M, Buhl R. Cigarette smoking, but not sensitization to Alternaria, is associated with severe asthma in urban patients. J Asthma 2001; 38:41–49.
  • Gallefoss F, Bakke PS. Does smoking affect the outcome of patient education and self-management in asthmatics? Patient Educ Couns 2003; 49:91–97.
  • Suzuki K, Tanaka H, Kaneko S, Nishi M, Teramoto S, Itoh S, Abe S. Respiratory symptoms and cigarette smoking in 3,197 pulmonologist-based asthmatic patients with a highly prevalent use of inhaled corticosteroid. J. Asthma 2003; 40:243–250.
  • James AL, Palmer LJ, Kicic E, Maxwell PS, Lagan SE, Ryan GF, Musk AW. Decline in lung function in the Busselton Health Study: the effects of asthma and cigarette smoking. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:109–114.
  • Boulet L-P, Lemiere C, Archambault F, Carrier G, Descary MC, Deschesnes F. Smoking and asthma: clinical and radiologic features, lung function, and airway inflammation. Chest 2006; 129:661–668.
  • Ng TP, Lim TK, Abisheganaden J, Eng P, Sin FL. Factors associated with acute health care use in a national adult asthma management program. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2006; 97:784–793.
  • Lee JH, Haselkorn T, Borish L, Rasouliyan L, Chipps BE, Wenzel SE. Risk factors associated with persistent airflow limitation in severe or difficult-to-treat asthma: insights from the TENOR study. Chest 2007; 132:1882–1889.
  • Kleis S, Chanez P, Delvaux M, Louis R. Perception of dyspnea in mild smoking asthmatics. Respir Med 2007; 101:1426–1430.
  • Stallberg B, Lisspers K, Hasselgren M, Johansson G, Svardsudd K. Factors related to the level of severity of asthma in primary care. Respir Med 2007; 101:2076–2083.
  • Shavit O, Swern A, Dong Q, Newcomb K, Kocevar VS, Taylor SD. Impact of smoking on asthma symptoms, healthcare resource use, and quality of life outcomes in adults with persistent asthma. Qual Life Res 2007; 16:1555–1565.
  • Pedersen SE, Bateman ED, Bousquet J, Busse WW, Yoxall S, Clark TJ. Determinants of response to fluticasone propionate and salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combinating in the Gaining Optimal Asthma controL study. J Asthma Clin Immunol 2007; 120:1036–1042.
  • Strine TW, Balluz LS, Ford ES. The associations between smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and asthma severity in the general U.S. population. J Asthma 2007; 44:651–658.
  • Chalmers GW, Macleod KJ, Little SA, Thomson LJ, McSharry CP, Thomson NC. Influence of cigarette smoking on inhaled corticosteroid treatment of mild asthma. Thorax 2002; 57:226–230.
  • Chaudhuri R, Livingston E, McMahon AD, Thomson L, Borland W, Thomson NC. Cigarette smoking impairs the therapeutic response to oral corticosteroids in chronic asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 168:1308–1311.
  • Lazarus SC, Chinchilli VM, Rollings NJ, Boushey HA, Cherniack R, Craig TJ, et al. Smoking affects response to inhaled corticosteroids or leukotrine receptor antagonists in asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:783–790.
  • Ford ES, Mannino DM, Redd SC, Moriarty DG, Mokdad AH. Determinants of quality of life among people with asthma: findings from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. J Asthma 2004; 41:327–336.
  • Eisner MD, Iribarren C. The influence of cigarette smoking on adult asthma outcomes. Nicotine Tob Res 2007; 9:53–56.
  • Higenbottam TW, Feyeraband C, Clark TJH. Cigarette smoking in asthma. Br J Dis Chest 1980; 74:279–284.
  • Grol MH, Gerritsen J, Vonk JM, Schouten JP, Koeter GH, Rijcken B, Postma D. Risk factors for growth and decline of lung function in asthmatic individuals up to age 42 years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:1830–1837.
  • Raherison C, Baldi I, Tunon-De-Lara JM, Taytard A, Annesi-Maesano I. Asthma phenotypes according to the timing of smoking onset in young adults. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003; 7:84–92.
  • de Marco R, Marcon A, Jarvis D, Accordini S, Almar E, Bugiana M, Prognostic factors of asthma severity: a 9-year international prospective cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117:1249–1256.
  • Brook U, Shiloh S. Attitudes of asthmatic and nonasthmatic adolescents towards cigarettes and smoking. Clin Pediatr 1993; 32:642–646.
  • Wakefield M, Roberts L, Ruffin R, Wilson D, Campbell D. Smoking-related beliefs and behaviour among adults with asthma in a representative population sample. Aust N Z J Med 1995; 25:12–17.
  • Zimmerman DM, Sehnert SS, Epstein DH, Pickworth WB, Robinson ML, Moolchan ET. Smoking topography and trajectory of asthmatic adolescents requesting cessation treatment. Prev Med 2004; 39:940–942.
  • Van de Ven MOM, Van Den Eijnden RJJM, Engels RCME. Smoking-specific cognitions and smoking behaviour among adolescents with asthma. Psychol Health 2006; 21:699–716.
  • Precht DH, Keiding L, Nielsen GA, Madsen M. Smoking among upper secondary pupils with asthma: reasons for their smoking behavior: a population-based study. J Adolesc Health 2006; 39:141–143.
  • Van De Ven MOM, Engels RCME, Otten R, Van Den Eijnden RJJM. A longitudinal test of the theory of planned behavior predicting smoking onset among asthmatic and non-asthmatic adolescents. J Behav Med 2007; 30:435–445.
  • Van Zundert RMP, Engels RCME, Kleinjan M, Van Den Eijnden RJJM. An integration of parents’ and best friends’ smoking, smoking-specific cognitions, and nicotine dependence in relation to readiness to quit smoking: a comparison between adolescents with and without asthma. J Pediatr Psychol 2008; 33:821–832.
  • Fennerty AG, Banks J, Ebden P, Bevan C. The effect of cigarette withdrawal on asthmatics who smoke. Eur J Respir Dis 1987; 71:395–399.
  • Godtfredsen NS, Lange P, Prescott E, Osler M, Vestbo J. Changes in smoking habits and risk of asthma: a longitudinal population based study. Eur Respir J 2001; 18:549–554.
  • Tonnesen P, Pisinger C, Hvidberg S, Wennike P, Bremann L, Westin A, Thomsen C, Nilsson F. Effects of smoking cessation and reduction in asthmatics. Nicotine Tob Res 2005; 7:139–148.
  • Chaudhuri R, Livingston E, McMahaon AD, Lafferty J, Fraser I, Spears M, McSharry CP, Thomson NC. Effects of smoking cessation on lung function and airway inflammation in smokers with asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:127–133.
  • Holm M, Omenaas E, Gislason T, Svanes C, Jogi R Norrman E, Janson C, Toren K. Remission of asthma: a prospective longitudinal study from northern Europe (RHINE study). Eur Respir J 2007; 30:62–65.
  • Aaron SD, Vandemheen KL, Boulet LP, McIvor RA, Fitzgerald JM, Hernandez P, et al. Overdiagnosis of asthma in obese and nonobese adults. CMAJ 2008; 179:1121–1131.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.