Diagnosing Homo sapiens in the fossil record

References

• Ackermann RR. 2010. Phenotypic traits of primate hybrids: recognizing admixture in the fossil record. Evolut Anthropol Issues News Rev 19:258–270
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arsuaga J-L, Martinez I, Gracia A, Carretero J-M, Carbonell E. 1993. Three new human skulls from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site in Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain. Nature 362:534–537
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arsuaga JL, Carretero JM, Gracia A, Martínez I. 1990. New discoveries of human fossils in the Middle Pleistocene site of Atapuerca/Ibeas. Bull Mémoir Soc Anthropol Paris 2:93–96
   Google Scholar
• Aubert M, Pike AWG, Stringer C, Bartsiokas A, Kinsley L, Eggins S, Day M, Grün R. 2012. Confirmation of a late Middle Pleistocene age for the Omo Kibish 1 cranium by direct uranium-series dating. J Hum Evol 63:704–710
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey SE, Weaver TD, Hublin J-J. 2009. Who made the Aurignacian and other early Upper Paleolithic industries? J Hum Evol 57:11–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Yosef Mayer DE, Vandermeersch B, Bar-Yosef O. 2009. Shells and ochre in Middle Paleolithic Qafzeh Cave, Israel: indications for modern behavior. J Hum Evol 56:307–314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bar-Yosef O, Bordes J-G. 2010. Who were the makers of the Châtelperronian culture? J Hum Evol 59:586–593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastir M, Rosas A, Stringer C, Cuétara JM, Kruszynski R, Weber G, Ross C, Ravosa M. 2010. Effects of brain and facial size on basicranial form in human and primate evolution. J Hum Evol 58:424–431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermúdez De Castro JM, Martinón-Torres M, Sier MJ, Martín-Francés L. 2014. On the Variability of the Dmanisi Mandibles. PLoS One 9:e88212
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blome MW, Cohen AS, Tryon CA, Brooks AS, Russell J. 2012. The environmental context for the origins of modern human diversity: a synthesis of regional variability in African climate 150,000–30,000 years ago. J Hum Evol 62:563–592
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bräuer G. 1992. Africa’s place in the evolution of Homo sapiens. In: Bräuer G, Smith FH, editors. Continuity or replacement: controversies in Homo sapiens evolution. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema. p 83–98
   Google Scholar
• Bräuer G. 2011. Middle Pleistocene diveristy in Africa and the origin of modern humans. In: Hublin J-J, McPherron SP, editors. Modern origins: a North African perspective. Dordrecht: Springer
   Google Scholar
• Brose DS, Wolpoff MH. 1971. Early Upper Paleolithic man and Late Middle Paleolithic tools. Am Anthropol 73:1156–1194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brumm A, Moore MW. 2005. Symbolic revolutions and the Australian archaeological record. Cambridge Archaeol J 15:157–175
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruner E. 2010. The evolution of the parietal cortical areas in the human genus: between structure and cognition. In: Broadfield D, Yuan M, Schick K, Toth N, editors. The human brain evolving: Palaeoneurological studies in honour of Ralph L. Holloway. Gosport, IN: Stone Age Institute Press
   Google Scholar
• Buck LT, Stock JT, Foley RA. 2010. Levels of intraspecific variation within the catarrhine skeleton. Int J Primatol 31:779–795
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper A, Stringer CB. 2013. Did the Denisovans Cross Wallace's Line? Science 342:321–323
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coulthard TJ, Ramirez JA, Barton N, Rogerson M, Brücher T. 2013. Correction: were rivers flowing across the Sahara during the last interglacial? Implications for human migration through Africa. PLoS One 8:e74834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crevecoeur I, Semal P, Brooks AS. 2010. The Late Stone Age human remains from Ishango (Democratic Republic of Congo). Contribution to the study of the African Late Pleistocene modern human diversity. Am J Phys Anthropol S50:87
   Google Scholar
• Crevecoeur I, Skinner MM, Bailey SE, Gunz P, Bortoluzzi S, Brooks AS, Burlet C, et al. 2014. First early hominin from Central Africa (Ishango, Democratic Republic of Congo). PLoS One 9:e84652
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Currat M, Excoffier L. 2011. Strong reproductive isolation between humans and Neanderthals inferred from observed patterns of introgression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:15129–15132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’errico F, Stringer C. 2011. Evolution, revolution or saltation scenario for the emergence of modern cultures? Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 366:1060–1069
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Day M, Stringer CB. 1982. A reconsideration of the Omo Kibish remains and the erectus-sapiens transition. Nice: Prétirage First Intérnational Congress of Human Palaeontology. p 814–846
   Google Scholar
• Day MH, Stringer CB. 1991. Les restes crâniens d'Omo Kibish et leur classification à l'intérieur du genre Homo. L'Anthropol 94:573–594
   Google Scholar
• Finlayson C. 2013. Viewpoint: human evolution, from tree to braid. Available online at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25559172#, accessed January 15, 2014
   Google Scholar
• Finlayson C, Brown K, Blasco R, Rosell J, Negro JJ, Bortolotti GR, Finlayson G, et al. 2012. Birds of a feather: Neanderthal exploitation of raptors and corvids. PLoS One 7:e45927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foley R, Lahr MM. 1997. Mode 3 technologies and the evolution of modern humans. Cambridge Archaeol J 7:3–36
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu Q, Meyer M, Gao X, Stenzel U, Burbano HA, Kelso J, Pääbo S. 2013. DNA analysis of an early modern human from Tianyuan Cave, China. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110:2223–2227
   Google Scholar
• Gabunia L, Vekua A. 1995. A Plio-Pleistocene hominid from Dmanisi, East Georgia, Caucasus. Nature 373:509–512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gokhman D, Riancho JA, Kelso J, Pääbo S, Meshover E, Carmel L. 2014. Reconstructing the DNA methylation maps of the Neanderthal and the Denisovan. Science 344:523–527
   Google Scholar
• Gracia-Téllez A, Arsuaga J-L, Martínez I, Martín-Francés L, Martinón-Torres M, Bermúdez De Castro J-M, et al. 2013. Orofacial pathology in Homo heidelbergensis: the case of Skull 5 from the Sima de los Huesos site (Atapuerca, Spain). Quaternary Int 295:83–93
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green RE, Krause J, Briggs AW, Maricic T, Stenzel U, Kircher M, Patterson N, et al. 2010. A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome. Science 328:710–722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grün R, Stringer C, McDermott F, Nathan R, Porat N, Robertson S, Taylor L, et al. 2005. U-series and ESR analyses of bones and teeth relating to the human burials from Skhul. J Hum Evol 49:316–334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer M, Woerner A, Mendez F, Watkins J, Wall J. 2011. Genetic evidence for archaic admixture in Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:15123–15128
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvati K. 2003. The Neanderthal taxonomic position: models of intra- and inter-specific craniofacial variation. J Hum Evol 44:107–132
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvati K, Frost SR, Mcnulty KP. 2004. Neanderthal taxonomy reconsidered: Implications of 3D primate models of intra- and interspecific differences. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:1147–1152
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvati K, Stringer C, Grün R, Aubert M, Allsworth-Jones P, Folorunso CA. 2011. The Later Stone Age calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology. PLoS One 6:e24024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harvati K, Stringer C, Grün R, Aubert M, Allsworth-Jones P, Folorunso CA. 2013. Correction: The Later Stone Age Calvaria from Iwo Eleru, Nigeria: morphology and chronology. PLoS One 8: 10.1371/annotation/887b6c18-6c37-44d2-8a50-2760bc9ad5d6
   Google Scholar
• Hawks J. 2010. Neandertals Live! Available online at: http://johnhawks.net/weblog/reviews/neandertals/neandertal_dna/neandertals-live-genome-sequencing-2010.html, accessed 2010
   Google Scholar
• Higham T, Jacobi R, Julien M, David F, Basell L, Wood R, Davies W, Ramsey CB. 2010. Chronology of the Grotte du Renne (France) and implications for the context of ornaments and human remains within the Châtelperronian. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:20234–20239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howells WW. 1973. Cranial variation in man: a study by multivariate analysis of patterns of difference among recent human populations. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
   Google Scholar
• Hublin J-J. 2007. What can Neanderthals tell us about modern human origins? In: Mellars P, Boyle K, Bar-Yosef O, Stringer C, editors. Rethinking the human revolution. Cambridge: McDonald Institute Monographs
   Google Scholar
• Hublin J-J. 2014. Palaeoanthropology: Homo erectus and the limits of a Paleontological species. Curr Biol 24:R82–R84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolly CJ. 2001. A proper study for mankind: analogies from the Papionin monkeys and their implications for human evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol 116:177–204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelaita MA, Cortés-Ortiz L. 2013. Morphological variation of genetically confirmed Alouatta pigra x A. palliata hybrids from a natural hybrid zone in Tabasco, Mexico. Am J Phys Anthropol 150:223–234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King WBR. 1864. The reputed fossil man of the Neanderthal. Q J Sci 1:88–97
   Google Scholar
• Klein RG. 2000. Archaeology and the evolution of human behaviour. Evol Anthropol 9:17–36
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein RG. 2008. Out of Africa and the evolution of human behaviour. Evol Anthropol 17:267–281
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krause J, Fu Q, Good JM, Viola B, Shunkov MV, Derevianko AP, Pääbo S. 2010. The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia. Nature 464:894–897
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lachance J, Vernot B, Elbers CC, Ferwerda B, Froment A, Bodo J-M, Lema G, et al. 2012. Evolutionary history and adaptation from high-covereage whole-genome sequences of diverse African hunter-gatherers. Cell 457:457–469
   Google Scholar
• Lahr MM. 1996. The evolution of modern human diversity: a study of cranial variation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Lieberman DE, McBratney BM, Krovitz G. 2002. The evolution and development of cranial form in Homo sapiens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:1134–1139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lordkipanidze D, Ponce De Leon MS, Margvelashvili A, Rak Y, Rightmire PG, Vekua A, Zollikofer CPE. 2013. A complete skull from Dmanisi, Georgia, and the evolutionary biology of early Homo. Science 342:326–331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinón-Torres M, Bermúdez De Castro JM, Gómez-Robles A, Prado-Simón L, Arsuaga J-L. 2012. Morphological description and comparison of the dental remains from Atapuerca-Sima de los Huesos site (Spain). J Hum Evol 62:7–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McBrearty S, Brooks AS. 2000. The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior. J Hum Evol 39:453–563
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McBrearty SS, Stringer C. 2007. The coast in colour. Nature 449:793–794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellars P, Stringer C. 1989. The human revolution: behavioural and biological perspectives in the origins of modern humans. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
   Google Scholar
• Mendez FL, Krahn T, Schrack B, Krahn A-M, Veeramah KR, Woerner AE, Fomine FLM, et al. 2013. An African American paternal lineage adds an extremely ancient root to the human Y chromosome phylogenetic tree. Am J Hum Genet 92:454–459
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer M, Kircher M, Gansauge M-T, Li H, Racimo F, Mallick S, Schraiber JG, et al. 2012. A high-coverage genome sequence from an archaic Denisovan individual. Science 338:222–226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Notton D, Stringer C. 2010. Who is the type of Homo sapiens? [Online]. Available online at: http://iczn.org/content/who-type-homo-sapiens, accessed January 15, 2014
   Google Scholar
• O’Connell JF, Allen J. 2007. Pre-LGM Sahul (Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea) and the archaeology of early modern humans. In: Mellars P, Boyle K, Bar-Yosef O, Stringer C, editors. Rethinking the human revolution. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research. p 395–410
   Google Scholar
• Peresani M, Fiore I, Gala M, Romandini M, Tagliazcozzo A. 2011. Late Neanderthals and the intentional removal of feathers as evidenced from bird bone taphonomy at Fumane Cave 44 ky B.P, Italy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:3888–3893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickrell JK, Patterson N, Loh P-R, Lipson M, Berger B, Stoneking M, Pakendorf B, Reich D. 2014. Ancient west Eurasian ancestry in southern and eastern Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:2632–2637
   Google Scholar
• Prüfer K, Racimo F, Patterson N, Jay F, Sankararaman S, Sawyer S, Heinze A, et al. 2014. The complete genome sequence of a Neanderthal from the Altai Mountains. Nature 505:43–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rak Y. 1990. On the differences between two pelvises of Mousterian context from the Qafzeh and Kebara caves, Israel. Am J Phys Anthropol 81:323–332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reich D, Green RE, Kircher M, Krause J, Patterson N, Durand EY, Viola B, et al. 2010. Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia. Nature 468:1053–1060
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rendu W, Beauval C, Crevecoeur I, Bayle P, Balzeau A, Bismuth T, Bourguignon L, et al. 2013. Evidence supporting an intentional Neandertal burial at La Chapelle-aux-Saints. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:81–86
   Google Scholar
• Salomon H, Vignaud C, Coquinot Y, Beck L, Stringer C, Strivay D, D'errico F. 2012. Selection and heating of colouring materials in the Mousterian level of Es-Skhul (c. 100,000 years BP, Mount Carmel, Israel). Archaeometry 54:698–722
   Google Scholar
• Sankararaman S, Mallick S, Dannemann M, Prüfer K, Kelso J, Pääbo S, Patterson N, Reich D. 2014. The genomic landscape of Neanderthal ancestry in present-day humans. Nature 508:354–357
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz JH, Tattersall I. 2000. The human chin revisited: what is it and who has it? J Hum Evol 38:367–409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shea JJ, Fleagle JG, Assefa Z. 2007. Context and chronology of early Homo sapiens fossils from the Omo Kibish Formation, Ethiopia. In: Mellars P, Boyle K, Bar-Yosef O, Stringer S, editors. Rethinking the human revolution. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
   Google Scholar
• Smith F. 1992. The role of continuity in modern human origins. In: Bräuer G, Smith F, editors. Continuity or replacement? Controversies in Homo sapiens evolution. Rotterdam: Balkema. p 145–156
   Google Scholar
• Smith TM, Olejniczak AJ, Zermeno JP, Tafforeau P, Skinner MM, Hoffmann A, Radovčić J, et al. 2012. Variation in enamel thickness within the genus Homo. J Hum Evol 62:395–411
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spoor F. 2013. Small-brained and big-mouthed. Nature 502:452–453
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stearn WT. 1959. The background of linnaeus's contributions to the nomenclature and methods of systematic biology. Syst Zool 8:4–22
   Google Scholar
• Stewart JR, Stringer CB. 2012. Human evolution out of Africa: the role of refugia and climate change. Science 335:1317–1321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 1974. Population relationships of later Pleistocene hominids: a multivariate study of available crania. J Archaeol Sci 1:317–342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2002. Modern human origins: progress and prospects. Phil Trans R Soc B Biol Sci 357:563–579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2003. Human evolution: out of Ethiopia. Nature 423:692–693, 695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2012a. What makes a modern human. Nature 485:33–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2012b. The origin of our species. London: Penguin
   Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2012c. The status of Homo heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908). Evol Anthropol 21:101–107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer C. 2014. Why we are not all multiregionalists now. Trends Ecol Evol 29:248–251
   Google Scholar
• Stringer CB. 1978. Some problems in Middle and Upper Pleistocene hominid relationships. In: Chivers D, Joysey K, editors. Recent advances in Primatology. London: Academic Press
   Google Scholar
• Stringer CB. 1994. Out of Africa – a personal history. In: Nitecki M, Nitecki DV, editors. Origins of anatomically modern humans. New York: Plenum Press
   Google Scholar
• Stringer CB. 1996. Current issues in modern human origins. In: Meikle WE, Howell FC, Jablonski NG, editors. Contemporary issues in human evolution. San Francisco, CA: California Academy of Sciences
   Google Scholar
• Stringer CB, Finlayson JC, Barton RNE, Fernandez-Jalvo Y, Cacares I, Sabin RC, Rhodes EJ, et al. 2008. Neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in Gibraltar. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:14319–14324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stringer CB, Hublin J-J, Vandermeersch B. 1984. The origin of anatomically modern humans in Western Europe. In: Smith F, Spencer F, editors. The origins of modern humans. New York: Liss
   Google Scholar
• The Type 2 Diabetes Consortium. 2013. Sequence variants in SLC16A11 are a common risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Mexico. Nature 506:97–101
   Google Scholar
• Trinkaus E. 2005. Early modern humans. Annu Rev Anthropol 34:207–230
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trinkaus E. 2011. Late Neandertals and early modern humans in Europe, population dynamics and Paleobiology. In: Condemi S, Weniger G-C, editors. Continuity and discontinuity in the peopling of Europe: one hundred and fifty years of Neanderthal study. Dordretch: Springer
   Google Scholar
• Vanhaeren M, D’errico F, Stringer C, James S, Todd J, Mienis H. 2006. Middle Paleolithic Shell Beads in Israel and Algeria. Science 312:1785–1788
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vekua A, Lordkipanidze D, Rightmire GP, Agusti J, Ferring R, Maisuradze G, Mouskhelishvili A, et al. 2002. A new skull of early Homo from Dmanisi, Georgia. Science 297:85–89
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernot B, Akey JM. 2014. Resurrecting surviving neandertal lineages from modern human genomes. Science 343:1017–1021
   Google Scholar
• Von Cramon-Taubadel N. 2009. Revisiting the homoiology hypothesis: the impact of phenotypic plasticity on the reconstruction of human population history from craniometric data. J Hum Evol 57:179–190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wall JD, Yang MA, Jay F, Kim SK, Durand EY, Stevison LS, Gignoux C, et al. 2013. Higher levels of Neanderthal ancestry in East Asians than Europeans. Genetics 194:199–209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White TD, Asfaw B, Degusta D, Gilbert H, Richards GD, Suwa G, Clark Howell F. 2003. Pleistocene Homo sapiens from Middle Awash, Ethiopia. Nature 426:742–747
   Google Scholar
• Winder IC, Winder NP. this volume. Reticulate evolution and the human past: an anthropological perspective. Ann Hum Biol 41
   Google Scholar
• Wolpoff MH. 1986. Describing anatomically modern Homo sapiens: a distinction without a definable difference. Anthropos 23:41–53
   Google Scholar
• Wolpoff M, Caspari R. 1997a. What does it mean to be modern? In: Clark GA, Willermet CM, editors. Conceptual issues in modern human origins research. New York: Aldine de Gruyter
   Google Scholar
• Wolpoff MH, Caspari R. 1997b. Race and human evolution. New York: Simon and Schuster
   Google Scholar
• Wolpoff MH, Thorne AG, Smith FH, Frayer DW, Pope GG. 1994. Multiregional evolution: a world- wide source for modern human populations. In: Nitecki MH, Nitecki DV, editors. Origins of anatomically modern humans. New York: Plenum
   Google Scholar
• Ziegler M, Simon MH, Hall IR, Barker S, Stringer C, Zahn R. 2013. Development of Middle Stone Age innovation linked to rapid climate change. Nat Commun 4:1905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zilhão J, Angelucci DE, Badal-García E, D’errico F, Daniel F, Dayet L, Douka K, et al. 2010. Symbolic use of marine shells and mineral pigments by Iberian Neandertals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:1023–1028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zilhão J, D’errico F, Bordes J-G, Lenoble A, Texier J-P, Rigaud J-P. 2006. Analysis of Aurignacian interstratification at the Châtelperronian-type site and implications for the behavioral modernity of Neandertals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:12643–12648
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar