Protein Kinase C Modulation and Anticancer Drug Response

References

• Milross C G, Mason K A, Hunter N R, et al. Relationship of mitotic arrest and apoptosis to antitumor effect of paclitaxel. J Nat Cancer Inst 1996; 88: 1308–1314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isonishi S, Jekunen A P, Horn D K, et al. Modulation of cisplatin sensitivity and growth rate of an ovarian carcinoma cell line by bombesin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 1436–1442
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isonishi Horn S. D, Eastman K. A., et al. Enhancement of sensitivity to platinum(II)-containing drugs by 12–0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate in a human ovarian carcinoma cell line. Br J Cancer 1994; 69: 217–221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibrado A., Ponnathpur M. V., Reed J, et al. Protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase activities affect taxol induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 1994; 35: 314
   Google Scholar
• Ashkenazi A, Dixit V M. Death receptors: signaling and modulation. Science 1998; 281: 1305–1308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green D R, Reed J C. Mitochondria and apoptosis. Science 1998; 281: 1309–1312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thornberry N A, Lazebnik Y. Caspases: enemies within. Science 1998; 281: 1312–1316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evan G, Littlewood T. A matter of life and cell death. Science 1998; 281: 1317–1322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams J M, Cory S. The Bcl-2 protein family: arbiters of cell survival. Science 1998; 281: 1322–1326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reed J C. Mechanisms of apoptosis avoidance in cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 1999; 11: 68–75
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wyllie A H. Apoptosis: an overview. Br Med Bull 1997; 53: 451–465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Brian C A, Ward N E. Biology of the protein kinase C family. Cancer Metast Rev 1989; 8: 199–214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann J. The potential for isoenzyme-selective modulation of protein kinase C. FASEB J 1997; 11: 649–669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newton A C. Regulation of protein kinase C. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1997; 9: 161–167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hug H, Sarre T F. Protein kinase C isoenzymes: divergence in signal transduction?. Biochem J 1993; 291: 329–343
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kishimoto A, Shiota N., Kajikawa M., et al. Proteolytic activation of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase by calcium-dependent neutral protease. J Biol Chem 1983; 258: 1156–1164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker P J, Coussens L, Totty N, et al. The complete primary structure of protein kinase C—the major phorbol ester receptor. Science 1986; 233: 853–859
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keranen L M, Dutil E M, Newton A C. Protein kinase C is regulated in vivo by three functionally distinct phosphorylations. Curr Biol 1995; 5: 1394–1403
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekker L V, Palmer R H, Parker P J. The protein kinase C and protein kinase C related gene families. Curr Opin Struct Biol 1995; 5: 396–402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker P J, Bosca L, Dekker L, et al. Protein kinase C (PKC)-induced PKC degradation: a model for down-regulation. Biochem Soc Trans 1995; 23: 153–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Liu Z., Hornia D. A., et al. Activation of protein kinase C triggers its ubiquitination and degradation. Mol Cell Biochem 1998; 18: 839–845
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee H W, Smith L, Pettit G. R., et al. Ubiquitination of protein kinase C-alpha and degradation by the proteasome. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 20973–20976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KochsHummel G. R., Fiebich B, et al. Activation of purified human protein kinase C α and β 1 isoenzymes in vitro by Ca2+, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Biochem J 1993; 291: 627–633
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toker A, Meyer M, Reddy K K, et al. Activation of protein kinase C family members by the novel polyphosphoinositides Ptdlns-3,4-P; and PtdIns-3.4,5-P3. J Biol Chem 1994; 269: 32358–32367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapline Ramsay C. K., Klauck T, et al. Interaction cloning of protein kinase C substrates. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 6858–6861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapline C, Mousseau B., Ramsay K., et al. Identification of a major protein kinase C-binding protein and substrate in rat embryo fibroblasts. Decreased expression in transformed cells. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 6417–6422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao L, Hyatt S., Chapline L. C., et al. Protein kinase C domains involved in interactions with other proteins. Biochemistry 1994; 33: 1229–1233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jaken S. Protein kinase C isozymes and substrates. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1996; 8: 168–173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang C, Wykle R., Daniel L. LW., et al. Identification of phosphatidylcholine-selective and phosphatidylinositol-selective phospholipases D in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 16859–16865
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ogita K., Miyamoto S., Yamaguchi K, et al. Isolation and characterization of delta-subspecies of protein kinase C from rat brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992; 89: 1592–1596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwata M, Iseki R., Sato K., et al. Involvement of protein kinase C-ϵ in glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in thymocytes. Int Immunol 1994; 6: 431–438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pongracz J., Johnson G D, Cocker J, et al. The role of protein kinase C in myeloid cell apoptosis. Biochem Soc Trans 1994; 22: 593–597
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chin J E, Tavare J. M., Roth R A. Overexpression of protein kinase C isoenzymes alpha, beta 1. gamma, and epsilon in cells overex-pressing the insulin receptor. Effects on receptors phosphorylation and signaling. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 6338–6347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hata A, Akita Y, Suzuki K., et al. Functional divergence of protein kinase C (PKC) family members. PKC gamma differs from PKC alpha and beta II and nPKC epsilon in its competence to mediate 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-responsive transcriptional activation through a TPA-response element. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 9122–9129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mischak H, Pierce J H, Goodnight J, et al. Phorbol ester-induced myeloid differentiation is mediated by protein kinase C-alpha and -delta and not by protein kinase C-beta II. -epsilon, -zeta, and -eta. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 20110–20115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casabona G. Intracellular signal modulation—a pivotal role for protein kinase C. Progr Neuropsychopharm Biol Psychiatry 1997; 21: 407–425
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prekeris R., Mayhew M W, Cooper J B, et al. Identification and localization of an actin-binding motif that is unique to the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C and participates in the regulation of synaptic function. J Cell Biol 1996; 132: 77–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blobe G C, Stribling D., Fabbro S. D., et al. Protein kinase C beta II specifically binds to and is activated by F-actin. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 15823–15830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caponigro F, French R C, Kaye S B. Protein kinase C—a worthwhile target for anticancer drugs. Anticancer Drugs 1997; 8: 26–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castagna M, Takai Y, Kaibuchi K, et al. Direct activation of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent protein kinase by tumorpromoting phorbol esters. J Biol Chem 1982; 257: 7847–7851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niedel J., Kuhn E. LJ., Vandenbark G R. Phorbol diester receptor copurifies with protein kinase C. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983; 80: 36–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forbes I J, Zalewski P., Giannakis D. C., et al. Induction of apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells and its prevention by phorbol ester. Exp Cell Res 1992; 198: 367–372
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SolaryBertrand E., Pommier R. Y. Apoptosis of human leukemic HL-60 cells induced to differentiate by phorbol ester treatment. Leukemia 1994; 8: 792–797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nixon J S, Wilkinson S E, Davis P D, et al. Modulation of cellular processes by H7, a non-selective inhibitor of protein kinases. Agents Actions 1991; 32: 188–193
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Szallasi Z, Du L, Levine R, et al. The bryostatins inhibit growth of B16/F10 melanoma cells in vitro through a protein kinase C-independent mechanism: dissociation of activities using 26-epibryostatin 1. Cancer Res 1996; 56: 2105–2111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Vrana J A, Bartimole T M, et al. Agents that down-regulate or inhibit protein kinase C circumvent resistance to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells that overexpress Bcl-2. Mol Pharmacol 1997; 52: 1000–1009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartee L, Kucera G L. Gemcitabine induces programmed cell death and activates protein kinase C in BG-1 human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1998; 41: 403–412
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunji H, Kharbanda S, Kufe D. Induction of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in human myeloid leukemia cells by 1–β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 741–743
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCrady C W, Li F, Pettit G R, et al. Modulation of the activity of a human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/ interleukin-3 fusion protein (pIXY 321) by the macrocyclic lactone protein kinase C activator bryostatin 1. Exp Hematol 1993; 21: 893–900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtis B M, Williams D E, Broxmeyer H E, et al. Enhanced hematopoietic activity of a human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-interleukin 3 fusion protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 5809–5813
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou H, Summers S A, Birnbaum M J, et al. Inhibition of Akt kinase by cell-permeable ceramide and its implications for cera-mide-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 16568–16575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morley S J, McKendrick L. Involvement of stress-activated protein kinase and p38/RK mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the enhanced phosphorylation of initiation factor 4E in NIH 3T3 cells. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 17887–17893
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen C Y, Liou J, Forman L W, et al. Differential regulation of discrete apoptotic pathways by Ras. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 16700–16709
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gubina E, Rinaudo M S, Szallasi Z, et al. Overexpression of protein kinase C isoform epsilon but not delta in human interleukin-3-dependent cells suppresses apoptosis and induces bcl-2 expression. Blood 1998; 91: 823–829
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray N R, Fields A P. Atypical protein kinase C iota protects human leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 27521–27524
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berra E, Municio M M, Sanz L, et al. Positioning atypical protein kinase C isoforms in the UV-induced apoptotic signaling cascade. Mol Cell Biochem 1997; 17: 4346–4354
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz-Meco M T, Municio M M, Frutos S, et al. The product of par-4. a gene induced during apoptosis, interacts selectively with the atypical isoforms of protein kinase C. Cell 1996; 86: 777–786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizuno K, Noda K, Araki T, et al. The proteolytic cleavage of protein kinase C isotypes, which generates kinase and regulatory fragments, correlates with Fas- mediated and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate-induced apoptosis. Eur J Biochem 1997; 250: 7–18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emoto Y, Kisaki H., Manome Y., et al. Activation of protein kinase Cdelta in human myeloid leukemia cells treated with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Blood 1996; 87: 1990–1996
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Datta R, Kojima H., Yoshida K., et al. Caspase-3-mediated cleavage of protein kinase C theta in induction of apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 20317–20320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartee L, Kucera G L. The effects of gemcitabine and TPA on PKC signaling in BG-1 human ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Res 1998; 10: 371–377
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drexler H CA. Programmed cell death and the proteosome pathway. Apoptosis 1998; 3: 1–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livneh E, Fishman D D. Linking protein kinase C to cell-cycle control. Eur J Biochem 1997; 248: 1–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhang C, Baumgartner R A, Yamada K, et al. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase regulates production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and release of arachidonic acid in mast cells. Indications of communication between p38 and p42 MAP kinases. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 13397–13402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu W H, Loh T T. Differential effects of phorbol ester on apoptosis in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1996; 51: 1229–1236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szallasi Z, Smith C B, Pettit G R, et al. Differential regulation of protein kinase C isozymes by bryostatin 1 and phorbol 12-myris-tate 13-acetate in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. J Biol Chem 1994; 269: 2118–2124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driedger P E, Blumberg P M. Specific binding of phorbol ester tumor promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980; 77: 567–571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharkey N A, Leach K L, Blumberg P M. Competitive inhibition by diacylglycerol of specific phorbol ester binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984; 81: 607–610
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu A. The potential of protein kinase C as a target for anticancer treatment. Pharmacol Ther 1993; 59: 257–280
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Vente J, Kiley S, Garris T, et al. Phorbol ester treatment of U937 cells with altered protein kinase C content and distribution induces cell death rather than differentiation. Cell Growth Differ 1995; 6: 371–382
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pongracz J, Deacon E M, Johnson G D, et al. Doppa induces cell death but not differentiation of U937 cells: evidence for the involvement of PKC-beta 1 in the regulation of apoptosis. Leuk Res 1996; 20: 319–326
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stadheim T A, Kucera G L. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity is required for TPA-mediated inhibition of drug-induced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 245: 266–271
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan Z, Buckman S Y, Pentland A P, et al. Induction of cyclooxy-genase-2 by the activated MEKKl-SEKl/MKK4-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 12901–12908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaufelberger D E, Koleck M P, Beutler J A, et al. The large-scale isolation of bryostatin 1 from Bugula neritina following current good manufacturing practices. J Nat Prod 1991; 54: 1265–1270
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewin N E, Dell'Aquila M L, Pettit G R, et al. Binding of [3H]bryostatin 4 to protein kinase C. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 43: 2007–2014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazanietz M G, Lewin N E, Gao F, et al. Binding of 26–[3H]bryostatin 1 and analogs to calcium-dependent and calcium-independent protein kinase C isozymes. Mol Pharmacol 1994; 46: 374–379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prendiville J., Crowther D., Thatcher N, et al. A phase I study of intravenous bryostatin 1 in patients with advanced cancer. Br J Cancer 1993; 68: 418–424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy M J, Prestigiaomo L J, Tyler G, et al. Differential effects of bryostatin 1 and phorbol diester on human breast cancer cell lines. Cancer 1992; 52: 1278–1283
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Vente J E, Kukoly C A, Bryant W. O., et al. Phorbol esters induce death in MCF-7 breast cancer cells with altered expression of protein kinase C isotorms. Role for p53– independent induction of gadd-45 in initiating death. J Clin Invest 1995; 96: 1874–1886
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews S A, Pettit G R, Rozengurt E. Bryostatin 1 induces biphasic activation of protein kinase D in intact cells. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 20245–20250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant S, Jarvis W D, Swerdlow P S, et al. Potentiation of the activity of 1 -β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine by the protein kinase C activator bryostatin I in HL-60 cells. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 6270–6278
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvis W D, Povirk L F, Turner A J, et al. Effects of bryostatin I and other pharmacological activators of protein kinase C on l-[β-D-arabinofuranosyl]cytosine-induced apoptosis in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol 1994; 47: 839–852
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu A, Lazo J S. Sensitization of human cervical carcinoma cells to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) by bryostatin 1. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 3119–3124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freemerman A. J., Maloney N J, Birrer M. J., et al. Bryostatin 1 potentiates 1 -beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine-mediated antiproliferative effects in c-Jun dominant-negative human myeloid leukemia cells (U937/TAM67) through a nonapoptotic mechanism. Mol Cell Diff 1996; 4: 247–262
   Google Scholar
• Omura S., Iwai Y., Hirano A, et al. A new alkaloid AM-2282 OF Streptomyces origin. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and preliminary characterization. J Antibiot 1977; 30: 275–282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamaoki T. Use and specificity of staurosporine, UCN-01, and calphostin C as protein kinase inhibitors. Methods Enzymol 1991; 201: 340–347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant S, Turner A J, Bartimole T M, et al. Modulation of l-[beta-D-arabinofuranosy1] cytosine-induced apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cells by staurosporine and other pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C. Oncol Res 1994; 6: 87–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones T, Courage C, Hubbard A, et al. Cellular relocalisation of protein kinase C-theta caused by staurosporine and some of its analogues. Biochem Pharmacol 1997; 53: 1413–1418
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuasa T, Ohno S, Kehrl J H, et al. Tumor necrosis factor signaling to stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38. Germinal center kinase couples traf2 to mitogen-activated protein kinase/erk kinase kinase 1 and sapk while receptor interacting protein associates with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase upstream of mkk6 and p38. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 22681–22692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunapuli P, Lawson J A, Rokach J A, et al. Prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and the isoprostane, 8.12-iso-isoprostane F2alpha-III, induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Differential activation of downstream signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 22442–22452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong Z, Huang C., Brown R E, et al. Inhibition of activator protein I activity and neoplastic transformation by aspirin. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 9962–9970
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai J, Jones D P. Superoxide in apoptosis. Mitochondrial generation triggered by cytochrome c loss. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 11401–11404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis P., Elliott D. L, Harris H. W., et al. Inhibitors of protein kinase C. 2. Substituted bisindolylmaleimides with improved potency and selectivity. J Med Chem 1992; 35: 994–1001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toullec D., Pianetti P., Coste H, et al. The bisindolylmaleimide GF 109203X is a potent and selective inhibitor of protein kinase C. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 15771–15781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martiny-Baron G, Kazanietz M, Mischak G. H., et al. Selective inhibition of protein kinase C isozymes by the indolocarbazole Go 6976. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 9194–9197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi E., Ando K., Nakano H, et al. Calphostins (UCN-1028). novel and specific inhibitors of protein kinase C. I. Fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activities. J Antibiot 1989; 42: 1470–1474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarvis W., Turner D. AJ., Povirk L F, et al. Induction of apoptotic DNA fragmentation and cell death in HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells by pharmacological inhibitors of protein kinase C. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 1707–1714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGraw K, McKay R, Miraglia L., et al. Antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors of isozymes of protein kinase C: in vitro and in vivo activity, and clinical development as anti-cancer therapeutics. Anticancer Drug Des 1997; 12: 315–326
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bankl K, Hutter E., Gonchoroff N. J., et al. Molecular ordering in HIV-induced apoptosis. Oxidative stress, activation of caspases. and cell survival are regulated by transaldolase. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 11944–11953
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar