Time-of-Day Effect on Cardiac Responses to Progressive Exercise

REFERENCES

• Atkinson G, Drust B, George K, Reilly T, Waterhouse J. (2006). Chronobiological considerations for exercise and heart disease. Sports Med. 36:487–500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson G, Leary AC, George KP, Murphy MB, Jones H. (2009). 24-Hour variation in the reactivity of rate-pressure product to everyday physical activity in patients attending a hypertension clinic. Chronobiol. Int. 6:958–973.
   Google Scholar
• Atkinson G, Jones H, Ainslie PN. (2010). Circadian variation in the circulatory responses to exercise: relevance to the morning peaks in strokes and cardiac events. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 108:15–29.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bougault V, Nottin S, Doucende G, Obert P. (2008). Tissue Doppler imaging reproducibility during exercise. Int. J. Sports Med. 29:395–400.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen CJ. (1980). Human circadian rhythms in heart rate response to a maximal exercise stress. Ergonomics 23:591–595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cugini P, Di Palma L, Di Simone S, Lucia P, Battisti P, Coppola A, Leone G. (1993). Circadian rhythm of cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, and related variables by a beat-to-beat monitoring. Chronobiol. Int. 10:73–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drust B, Waterhouse J, Atkinson G, Edwards B, Reilly T. (2005). Circadian rhythms in sports performance—an update. Chronobiol. Int. 22:21–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunlap C, Loros JJ, DeCoursey PJ. (2004). Chronobiology. Biological timekeeping. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Faria IE, Drummond BJ. (1982). Circadian changes in resting heart rate and body temperature, maximal oxygen consumption and perceived exertion. Ergonomics 25:381–386.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank AJ, Scheer L, Hu K, Evoniuk H, Kelly EE, Malhotra H, Hilton MF, Shea SA. (2010). Impact of the human circadian system, exercise, and their interaction on cardiovascular function. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 107:20541–20546.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harmer SL, Panda S, Kay SA. (2001). Molecular bases of circadian rhythms. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 17:215–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Idema RN, van den Meiracker AH, Balk AH, Bos E, Schalekamp MADH, in't Veld AJM. (1994). Abnormal diurnal variation of blood pressure, cardiac output, and vascular resistance in cardiac transplant recipients. Circulation 90:2797–2803.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones H, Taylor CE, Lewis NC, George K, Atkinson G. (2009). Post-exercise blood pressure reduction is greater following intermittent than continuous exercise and is influenced less by diurnal variation. Chronobiol. Int. 26:293–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Appleton CP. (2000). Clinical utility of Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in the estimation of left ventricular filling pressures. Circulation 102:1788–1794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portaluppi F, Smolensky MH, Touitou Y. (2010). Ethics and methods for biological rhythm research on animals and human beings. Chronobiol. Int. 23:461–474.
   Google Scholar
• Reilly T, Brooks GA. (1990). Selective persistence of circadian rhythms in physiological responses to exercise. Chronobiol. Int. 7:59–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reilly T, Atkinson G, Gregson W, Drust B, Forsyth J, Edwards B, Waterhouse J. (2006). Some chronobiological considerations related to physical exercise. Clin. Ther. 157:249–264.
   Google Scholar
• Roberson DA, Cui W. (2009). Tissue Doppler imaging measurement of left ventricular systolic function in children: mitral annular displacement index is superior to peak velocity. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 22:376–382.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rowland TW. (1996). Developmental exercise physiology. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers, 35–37.
   Google Scholar
• Rowland T. (2008). Echocardiography and circulatory response to progressive endurance exercise. Sports Med. 38:541–551.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rowland TW, Obert P. (2002). Doppler echocardiography for estimation of cardiac output with exercise. Sports Med. 32:983–986.
   Google Scholar
• Rowland TW, Willers ME. (2010). Reproducibility of Doppler measures of ventricular function during maximal upright cycling. Cardiol. Young 20:676–679.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rowland TW, Melanson EL, Popowski BE, Ferrone LC. (1998). Test-retest reproducibility of maximum cardiac output by Doppler echocardiography. Am. J. Cardiol. 81:1228–1230.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rowland T, Marwood S, Guerra M, Roche D, Unnithan V. (2009). Myocardial performance during progressive exercise in athletic adolescents. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 41:172–178.
   Google Scholar
• Sohn D-W, Chaie L-H, Lee D-J. (1997). Assessment of mitral annulus velocity by Doppler tissue imaging in the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 30:474–480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veerman DP, Imholtz BPM, Wieling W, Wesseling KH, van Montrans GA. (1995). Circadian profile of systemic hemodynamics. Hypertension 26:55–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waterhouse J, Drust B, Weinert D, Edwards B, Gregson W, Atkinson G, Kao S, Aizawa S, Reilly T. (2005). The circadian rhythm of core temperature: origin and some implications for exercise performance. Chronobiol. Int. 22:207–225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar