Fluoxetine normalizes disrupted light-induced entrainment, fragmented ultradian rhythms and altered hippocampal clock gene expression in an animal model of high trait anxiety- and depression-related behavior

References

• American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-V. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10, Version 2015). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Krystal AD, Thakur M, Roth T. Sleep disturbance in psychiatric disorders: effects on function and quality of life in mood disorders, alcoholism, and schizophrenia. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2008;20:39–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiegelhalder K, Regen W, Nanovska S, Baglioni C, Riemann D. Comorbid sleep disorders in neuropsychiatric disorders across the life cycle. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2013;15:013–0364.
   Google Scholar
• Hua P, Liu W, Chen D, Zhao Y, Chen L, Zhang N, et al. Cry1 and Tef gene polymorphisms are associated with major depressive disorder in the Chinese population. J Affect Disord. 2014;157:100–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovanen L, Kaunisto M, Donner K, Saarikoski ST, Partonen T. CRY2 genetic variants associate with dysthymia. PLoS One. 2013;8:e71450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kripke DF, Nievergelt CM, Joo E, Shekhtman T, Kelsoe JR. Circadian polymorphisms associated with affective disorders. J Circadian Rhythms. 2009;7:2.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lavebratt C, Sjoholm LK, Soronen P, Paunio T, Vawter MP, Bunney WE, et al. CRY2 is associated with depression. PLoS One. 2010;5:0009407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansour HA, Talkowski ME, Wood J, Chowdari KV, McClain L, Prasad K, et al. Association study of 21 circadian genes with bipolar I disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11:701–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partonen T, Treutlein J, Alpman A, Frank J, Johansson C, Depner M, et al. Three circadian clock genes Per2, Arntl, and Npas2 contribute to winter depression. Ann Med. 2007;39:229–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sipila T, Kananen L, Greco D, Donner J, Silander K, Terwilliger JD, et al. An association analysis of circadian genes in anxiety disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;67: 1163–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soria V, Martinez-Amoros E, Escaramis G, Valero J, Perez-Egea R, Garcia C, et al. Differential association of circadian genes with mood disorders: CRY1 and NPAS2 are associated with unipolar major depression and CLOCK and VIP with bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35:1279–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul ED, Lowry CA. Functional topography of serotonergic systems supports the Deakin/Graeff hypothesis of anxiety and affective disorders. J Psychopharmacol (Oxford, England). 2013;27:1090–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ressler KJ, Nemeroff CB. Role of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety. 2000;1:2–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciarleglio CM, Resuehr HE, McMahon DG. Interactions of the serotonin and circadian systems: nature and nurture in rhythms and blues. Neuroscience. 2011;197:8–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gannon RL, Millan MJ. Evaluation of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake inhibitors on light-induced phase advances in hamster circadian activity rhythms. Psychopharmacology. 2007;195:325–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sprouse J, Braselton J, Reynolds L. Fluoxetine modulates the circadian biological clock via phase advances of suprachiasmatic nucleus neuronal firing. Biol Psychiatry. 2006;60:896–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan MJ, Hester JM, Hopper JA, Franklin KM. The effects of aging and chronic fluoxetine treatment on circadian rhythms and suprachiasmatic nucleus expression of neuropeptide genes and 5-HT1B receptors. Eur J Neurosci. 2010;31:1646–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuesta M, Clesse D, Pevet P, Challet E. New light on the serotonergic paradox in the rat circadian system. J Neurochem. 2009;110:231–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuesta M, Mendoza J, Clesse D, Pevet P, Challet E. Serotonergic activation potentiates light resetting of the main circadian clock and alters clock gene expression in a diurnal rodent. Exp Neurol. 2008;210:501–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balu DT, Lucki I. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: regulation, functional implications, and contribution to disease pathology. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009;33:232–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uz T, Ahmed R, Akhisaroglu M, Kurtuncu M, Imbesi M, Dirim Arslan A, et al. Effect of fluoxetine and cocaine on the expression of clock genes in the mouse hippocampus and striatum. Neuroscience. 2005;134:1309–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griesauer I, Diao W, Ronovsky M, Elbau I, Sartori S, Singewald N, et al. Circadian abnormalities in a mouse model of high trait anxiety and depression. Ann Med. 2014;46:148–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sah A, Schmuckermair C, Sartori SB, Gaburro S, Kandasamy M, Irschick R, et al. Anxiety- rather than depression-like behavior is associated with adult neurogenesis in a female mouse model of higher trait anxiety- and comorbid depression-like behavior. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;16:94.
   Google Scholar
• Schmuckermair C, Gaburro S, Sah A, Landgraf R, Sartori SB, Singewald N. Behavioral and neurobiological effects of deep brain stimulation in a mouse model of high anxiety- and depression-like behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38:1234–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kromer SA, Kessler MS, Milfay D, Birg IN, Bunck M, Czibere L, et al. Identification of glyoxalase-I as a protein marker in a mouse model of extremes in trait anxiety. J Neurosci. 2005;25:4375–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons L, ElBeltagy M, Bennett G, Wigmore P. Fluoxetine counteracts the cognitive and cellular effects of 5-fluorouracil in the rat hippocampus by a mechanism of prevention rather than recovery. PLoS One. 2012;7:e30010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prendergast MA, Hendricks SE, Yells DP, Balogh S. Conditioned taste aversion induced by fluoxetine. Physiol Behav. 1996;60:311–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakubcakova V, Flachskamm C, Landgraf R, Kimura M. Sleep phenotyping in a mouse model of extreme trait anxiety. PLoS One. 2012;7:11.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gannon RL, Millan MJ. Evaluation of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake inhibitors on light-induced phase advances in hamster circadian activity rhythms. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007;195:325–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Challet E, Turek FW, Laute M, Van Reeth O. Sleep deprivation decreases phase-shift responses of circadian rhythms to light in the mouse: role of serotonergic and metabolic signals. Brain Res. 2001;909:81–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price JL, Drevets WC. Neural circuits underlying the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Trends Cogn Sci. 2012;16(1):61–71.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kume K, Zylka MJ, Sriram S, Shearman LP, Weaver DR, Jin X, et al. mCRY1 and mCRY2 are essential components of the negative limb of the circadian clock feedback loop. Cell. 1999;98:193–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Artioli P, Lorenzi C, Pirovano A, Serretti A, Benedetti F, Catalano M, et al. How do genes exert their role? Period 3 gene variants and possible influences on mood disorder phenotypes. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007;17:587–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson C, Willeit M, Smedh C, Ekholm J, Paunio T, Kieseppa T, et al. Circadian clock-related polymorphisms in seasonal affective disorder and their relevance to diurnal preference. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28:734–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rybakowski JK, Dmitrzak-Weglarz M, Dembinska-Krajewska D, Hauser J, Akiskal KK, Akiskal HH. Polymorphism of circadian clock genes and temperamental dimensions of the TEMPS-A in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2014;159:80–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dallaspezia S, Lorenzi C, Pirovano A, Colombo C, Smeraldi E, Benedetti F. Circadian clock gene Per3 variants influence the postpartum onset of bipolar disorder. Eur Psychiatry. 2011;26(3):138–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monje FJ, Cabatic M, Divisch I, Kim EJ, Herkner KR, Binder BR, et al. Constant darkness induces IL-6-dependent depression-like behavior through the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. J Neurosci. 2011;31:9075–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya S, Tahara Y, Sasaki H, Hamaguchi Y, Kuriki D, Ishikawa R, et al. Effect of quetiapine on Per1, Per2, and Bmal1 clock gene expression in the mouse amygdala and hippocampus. J Pharmacol Sci. 2014;125:329–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouchard-Cannon P, Mendoza-Viveros L, Yuen A, Kaern M, Cheng HY. The circadian molecular clock regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis by controlling the timing of cell-cycle entry and exit. Cell Rep. 2013;5:961–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borgs L, Beukelaers P, Vandenbosch R, Nguyen L, Moonen G, Maquet P, et al. Period 2 regulates neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in the adult hippocampus. BMC Neurosci. 2009;10:30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendez-David I, Hen R, Gardier AM, David DJ. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: an actor in the antidepressant-like action. Ann Pharm Fr. 2013;71:143–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sah A, Schmuckermair C, Sartori SB, Gaburro S, Kandasamy M, Irschick R, et al. Anxiety- rather than depression-like behavior is associated with adult neurogenesis in a female mouse model of higher trait anxiety- and comorbid depression-like behavior. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;2:e171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savalli G, Diao W, Schulz S, Todtova K, Pollak DD. Diurnal oscillation of amygdala clock gene expression and loss of synchrony in a mouse model of depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2014;18:5.
   Google Scholar
• Wang X, Mozhui K, Li Z, Mulligan MK, Ingels JF, Zhou X, et al. A promoter polymorphism in the Per3 gene is associated with alcohol and stress response. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;2:e73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savalli G, Diao W, Berger S, Ronovsky M, Partonen T, Pollak DD. Anhedonic behavior in cryptochrome 2-deficient mice is paralleled by altered diurnal patterns of amygdala gene expression. Amino Acids. 2015;47:1367–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narasimamurthy R, Hatori M, Nayak SK, Liu F, Panda S, Verma IM. Circadian clock protein cryptochrome regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109:12662–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reierson GW, Mastronardi CA, Licinio J, Wong ML. Repeated antidepressant therapy increases cyclic GMP signaling in rat hippocampus. Neurosci Lett. 2009;466:149–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heller AS, Johnstone T, Light SN, Peterson MJ, Kolden GG, Kalin NH, et al. Relationships between changes in sustained fronto-striatal connectivity and positive affect in major depression resulting from antidepressant treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 2013;170:197–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Light SN, Heller AS, Johnstone T, Kolden GG, Peterson MJ, Kalin NH, et al. Reduced right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activity while inhibiting positive affect is associated with improvement in hedonic capacity after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment in major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;70: 962–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelfin Y, Gorfine M, Lerer B. Effect of clinical doses of fluoxetine on psychological variables in healthy volunteers. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155:290–2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar