Deteriorated and unchanged patients in psychological treatment in Swedish primary care and psychiatry

References

• Lambert M. The efficacy and effectiveness of psychotherapy. In: Lambert M, editor. Bergin and Garfield's Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change. 6th ed. New York: Wiley; 2013. pp. 169–218.
   Google Scholar
• Wampold BE. The great psychotherapy debate: Model, methods, and findings. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Wampold BE. Psychotherapy: The humanistic (and effective) treatment. Am Psychol 2007;62:857–73.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nutt DJ, Sharpe M. Uncritical positive regard? Issues in the efficacy and safety of psychotherapy. J Psychopharmacol 2008;22:3–6.
   Google Scholar
• Bergin AE. The effects of psychotherapy: negative results revisited. J Couns Psychol 1963;10:224–50.
   Google Scholar
• Chambless DL, Ollendick TH. Empirically supported psychological interventions: controversies and evidence. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52:685–716.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow DH. Negative effects from psychological treatments: a perspective. Am Psychol 2010;65:13–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lilienfeld SO. Psychological treatments that cause harm. Perspect Psychol Sci 2007;2:53–70.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berk M, Parker G. The elephant on the couch: side-effects of psychotherapy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2009;43:787–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linden M. How to define, find and classify side effects in psychotherapy: From unwanted events to adverse treatment reactions. Clin Psychol Psychother 2013;20:286–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimidjian S, Hollon SD. How would we know if psychotherapy were harmful? Am Psychol 2010;65:21–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen N, Lambert, M, Forman E. The psychotherapy dose–response effect and its implications for treatment delivery services. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 2002:9:329–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warren JS, Nelson PL, Mondragon SA, Baldwin SA, Burlingame GM. Youth psychotherapy change trajectories and outcomes in usual care: community mental health versus managed care settings. J Consult Clin Psychol 2010;78:144–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mays D, Frank C, editors. Negative Outcomes in Psychotherapy. New York: Springer; 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Mohr DC. Negative outcome in psychotherapy: a critical review. Clin Psychol Sci Pract 1995;2:1–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roback HB. Adverse outcomes in group psychotherapy: risk factors, prevention, and research directions. J Psychother Pract Res 2000;9:113–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moos R. Iatrogenic effects of psychosocial interventions for substance use disorders: Prevalence, predictors, prevention. Addiction 2005:100:595–604.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boisvert CM, Faust D. Iatrogenic symptoms in psychotherapy: a theoretical exploration of the potential impact of labels, language, and belief systems. Am J Psychother 2002;546:244–59.
   Google Scholar
• Jarrett C. When therapy causes harm. Psychologist 2007;21:10–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kraus DR, Castonguay L, Boswell JF, Nordberg SS, Hayes JA. Therapist effectiveness: implications for accountability and patient care. Psychother Res 2011;21:267–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saxon D, Barkham M. Patterns of therapist variability: Therapist effect and the contribution of patient severity and risk. J Consult Clin Psychol 2012;80:535–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmqvist R, Ström T, Foldemo A. The effects of psychological treatment in primary care. Nord J Psychiatry 2014;68:204–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkham M, Margison F, Leach C, Lucock M, Mellor-Clark J, Evans C, et al. Service profiling and outcomes benchmarking using the CORE-OM: Towards practice-based evidence in the psychological therapies. J Consult Clin Psychol 2001;69:184–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mellor-Clark J, Barkham M. Using the CORE system to support service development. In: Feltham C, Horton I, editors. Handbook of Counselling and Psychotherapy, 3rd ed. London: Sage; 2012: pp. 210–228.
   Google Scholar
• Barkham M, Mellor-Clark J, Connell J, Evans R, Evans C, Margison F. The CORE measures and CORE system: Measuring, monitoring, and managing quality evaluation in the psychological therapies. In: Barkham M, Hardy GE, Mellor-Clark J, editors. Developing and Delivering Practice-Based Evidence: A Guide for the Psychological Therapies. Chichester: Wiley; 2010. pp. 175–219.
   Google Scholar
• Derogatis LR. SCL-90-R: Administration, Scoring and Procedures: Manual. Towson, MD: Clinical Psychometric Research, 1983.
   Google Scholar
• Derogatis LR. & Melisaratos, N. The Brief Symptom Inventory: an introductory report. Psychol Med 1983;13:595–605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans C, Connell J, Barkham M, Margison F, McGrath, G, Mellor-Clark J, Audin K. Towards a standardised brief outcome measure: psychometric properties and utility of the CORE-OM. Br J Psychiatry 2002;180:51–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobson NS, Truax P. Clinical significance: A statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research. J Consult Clin Psychol 1991;59:12–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elfström ML, Evans C, Lundgren J, Johansson B, Hakeberg M, Carlsson SG. Validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). Clin Psychol Psychother 2013;20:447–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkham M, Connell J, Stiles WB, Miles JNV, Margison F, Evans C, et al. Dose–effect relations and responsive regulation of treatment duration: the good enough level. J Consult Clin Psychol 2006;74:160–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amble I, Gude T, Stubdal S, Andersen BJ, Wampold BE. The effect of implementing the Outcome Questionnaire-45.2 Feedback System in Norway: a multisite randomized clinical trial in a naturalistic setting. Psychother Res (in press). doi:10.1080/10503307.2014.928756
   Google Scholar
• Baldwin SA, Imel ZE. Therapist effects. In: Lambert MJ, editor. Bergin and Garfield's Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change, 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2013. pp. 258–97.
   Google Scholar
• Levenson JC, Frank E, Cheng Y, Rucci P, Janney CA, Houck P, Forgione RN, Swartz HA, Cyranowski JM, Fagiolini A. Comparative outcomes among the problem areas of interpersonal psychotherapy for depression. Depress Anxiety 2010;27:434–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walfish S, McAlister B, O’Donnell P, Lambert MJ. An investigation of self-assessment bias in mental health providers. Psychol Rep 2012;110:639–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar