References
- Harrison M., Busto U., Naranjo C. A., Kaplan H. L., Sellers E. M. Diazepam tapering in detoxification for high-dose benzodiazepine abuse. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1984; 36: 527–33
- Owen R. T., Tyrer P. Benzodiazepine dependence. A review of the evidence. Drugs 1983; 25: 385–98
- MacCinnon G. L., Parker W. A. Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: a literature review and evaluation. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1982; 9: 19–33
- Lader M., Morton S. Benzodiazepine problems. Br J Addiction 1991; 86: 823–8
- Petursson H., Lader M. H. Withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine treatment. Br Med J 1981; 283: 643–5
- Tyrer P., Owen R., Dawling S. Gradual withdrawal of diazepam after long-term therapy. Lancet 1983; 1: 1402–6
- Busto U., Sellers E. M., Naranjo C. A., Capell H., Sanches-Craig M., Sykora K. Withdrawal reaction after long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines. N Engl J Med 1986; 315: 854–9
- Noyes R., Garvey M. J., Cook B. L., Perry P. J. Benzodiazepine withdrawal: a review of the evidence. J Clin Psychiatry 1988; 49: 382–9
- Busto U., Sykora K., Sellers E. M. A clinical scale to assess benzodiazepine withdrawal. J Clin Psycho-pharmacol 1989; 9: 412–6
- Schweizer E., Rickels K., Case G., Greenblatt D. J. Long-term therapeutic use of benzodiazepines. II. Effects of gradual taper. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47: 908–15
- Pritchard W. S. Physiology of P300. Physiol Bull 1981; 89: 506–40
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd ed, rev. The Association, Washington (DC) 1987
- McNair D. M., Lorr M, Droppleman L. F. EITS manual for the profile of mood states. Educational and Industrial Testing Service, San Diego, (CA) 1971
- Haglund Y., Persson H. E. Does Swedish amateur boxing lead to chronic brain damage? A retrospective clinical and neurophysiological study. Acta Neurol Scand 1990; 82: 353–60
- de Silva JAF. Analytical strategies for therapeutic monitoring of drugs in biological fluids. J Chromatogr 1985; 340: 3–30
- Costa PT, Jr, McRae R. R. The Neo personality inventory: manual. Psychological Assessment Resources, Odessa, FL 1985
- Bergman H., Bergman I., Engelbrektson K., Herlitz K., Holm L., Johannesson K. Psychological diagnostic manual. Magnus Huss Clinic, Stockholm 1993
- Ashton H. Benzodiazepine withdrawal: outcome in 50 patients. Br J Addict 1987; 82: 665–71
- Higgitt A. C., Lader M. H., Fonagy P. Clinical management of benzodiazepine dependence. Br Med J 1985; 291: 688–90
- Olajide D., Lader M. Depression following withdrawal from long-term benzodiazepine use: a report of four cases. Psychol Med 1984; 14: 937–40
- Haefely W. Biological basis of drug-induced tolerance rebound and dependence. Contribution of recent research on benzodiazepines. Pharmaco-psychiatr Neuropsychopharmakol 1986; 19: 353–61
- Savic I., Widen L. Feasibility of reversing benzodiazepine tolerance with flumazenil. Lancet 1991; 1: 133–7
- Gallager D. W., Lakonski J. M., Gonsalves S. F., Rauch S. L. Chronic benzodiazepine treatment decreases postsynaptic GAB A sensitivity. Nature 1984; 308: 74–7
- Mandelli M., Tognoni G., Grattini S. Clinical pharmacokinetics of diazepam. Clin Pharmacokin 1978; 3: 72–91
- McMahon R. C., Davidson R. S. Patterns of stability and change in mood states of alcoholics in inpatient treatment. Int J Addict 1986; 21: 923–7
- Freed E. X., Riley E. P., Omstein P. Assessment of alcoholics' mood at the beginning and end of a hospital treatment program. J Clin Psychol 1977; 33: 887–94
- Greenblatt D. J., Harmatz J. S., Zinny M. A., Shader R. I. Effect of gradual withdrawal on the rebound sleep disorder after discontinuation of triazolam. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 722–8
- Higgitt A., Fonagy P., Toone B., Shine P. The prolonged benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome: anxiety or hysteria. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1990; 82: 165–8
- Landry M. J., Smith D. E., McDuff D. R., Baughman O. L. Benzodiazepine dependence and withdrawal: identification and medical management. J Am Board Fam Pract 1992; 5: 167–76
- Barnes E. G. Clinical and prealcoholic personality characteristics. The pathogenesis of alcoholism, B. Kissin, H. Begleiter. Plenum Press, New York 1983; 113–95
- Lorefice Steer R. A., Fine E. W., Schut J. Personality traits and moods of alcoholics and heroin addicts. J Stud Alcohol 1976; 37: 687–9
- Rounsaville B. J., Weissman M. M., Crits-Cristoph K., Kleber H. Diagnosis and symptoms of depression in opiate addicts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1982; 39: 151–6
- Spotts J. V., Shontz F. C. Psychopathology and cronic drug use: a methodological paradigm. Int J Addict 1983; 18: 633–80