Do Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels Predict Serious Complication Risk of Infection in Pediatric Cancer Patients?

REFERENCES

• Santoloya ME, Alvarez AM, Avilés CL, Early hospital discharge followed by outpatient management versus continued hospitalization of children with cancer, fever, and neutropenia at low risk for invasive bacterial infection. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:3784–3789.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anoop P, Anjay MA. Febrile neutropenia: transition towards a risk-directed approach. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92:467–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Santolaya ME, Alvarez AM, Avilés CL, Prospective evalution of a model of prediction of invasive bacterial infection risk among children with cancer, fever and neutropenia. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:678–683.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Härtel C, Deuster M, Lehrbecher T, Schultz C. Current approaches for risk stratification of infectious complications in pediatric oncology. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;49:767–773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freifeld AG, Bow EJ, Sepkowitz KA, Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:56–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wicki S, Keisker A, Aebi C, Risk prediction of fever in neutropenia in children with cancer: a step towards individually tailored supportive therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51: 778–783.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çorapcıoğlu F, Sarıalioğlu F, Olgun N, Uysal KM. Analysis of 136 febrile neutropenic episodes in children with cancer: evaluation of treatment effectiveness and cost. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2004;21:535–543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çorapcıoğlu F, Sarper N, Zengin E. Monotherapy with piperacillin/tazobactam versus cefepime as empirical therapy for febrile neutropenia in pediatrıc cancer patients: a randomized comparison. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2006;23:177–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmed N, El-Mahallawy HA, Ahmed IA, Early hospital discharge versus continued hospitalization febrile cancer patients with prolonged neutropenia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;49: 786–792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klastersky J, Paesmans M, Rubenstein EB, The Multinational association for supportive care in cancer risk index: a multinational scoring system for identifiying low-risk febrile neutropenic patients. J Clin Oncol. 2000;18:3038–3051.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hann I, Viscoli C, Paesmans M, A comprasion of outcome from febril neutropenic episodes in children compared with adults: result from four EORTC studies. International Antimicrobial Therapy Cooperative Group (IATCG) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). Br J Haematol. 1997;99:580–588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boragina M, Patel H, Reiter S, Dougherty G. Management of febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology patients: a Canadian survey. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;48:521–526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Düzova A, Kutluk T, Kanra G, Monotherapy with meropenem versus combination therapy with piperacillin plus amikacin as empiric therapy for neutropenic fever in children with lymphoma and solid tumors. Turk J Pediatr. 2001;43:105–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uygun V, Karasu GT, Ogunc D, Piperacillin/tazobactam versus cefepime for the empirical treatment of pediatric cancer patients with neutropenia and fever: a randomized and open-label study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2009;53:610–614.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Südhoff T, Gigounidis A, Karthaus M. Evaluation of neutropenic fever: value of serum and plasma parameters in clinical practice. Chemotherapy. 2000;46:77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodge G, Osborn M, Hodge S, Rapid simultaneous measurement of multiple cytokines in childhood oncology patients with febrile neutropenia: increased interleukin (IL)-8 or IL-5 correlates with culture-positive infection. Br J Haematol. 2005;132:247–248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El-Maghraby SM, Moneer MM, Ismail MM, The diagnostic value of C-reactive protein, Interleukin-8 and monocyte chemotactic protein in risk stratification of febrile neutropenic children with hematologic malignancies. Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2007;29:131–136.
   Google Scholar
• Engel A, Steinbach G, Kern P, Kern WV. Diagnostic value of procalcitonin serum levels in neutropenic patients with fever: comparison with interleukin-8. Scand J Infect Dis. 1999;31:185–189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pihusch M, Pihusch R, Fraunberger P, Evaluation of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and procalcitonin levels in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients. Eur J Haematol. 2006;76:93–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frei CR, Hampton SL, Burgess DS. Influence of culture site-specific MIC distributions on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin: a data analysis. Clin Ther. 2006;28:1035–1040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bont ES, Vellenga E, Swaanenburg J, Kamps W. Procalcitonin: a diagnostic marker of bacterial infection in neutropenic cancer patients with fever? Infection. 2000;28:398–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giamarellou H, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Repoussis P, Potential use of procalcitonin as a diagnostic criterion in febrile neutropenia: experience from a multicentre study. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004;10:628–633.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persson L, Engervall P, Magnuson A, Use of inflammatory markers for early detection of bacteraemia in patients with febrile neutropenia. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004; 36: 365–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleischhack G, Kambeck I, Cipic D, Procalcitonin in paediatric cancer patient; its diagnostic relevance is superior to that of C reactive protein, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, soluble 2 receptor and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor II. Br Haematol. 2000;111:1093–1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svaldi M, Hirber J, Lanthaler AL, Procalcitonin-reduced sensitivity and specificity in heavily leucopenic and immunosuppressed patients. Br J Haematol. 2001;115:53–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shitrit D, Izbicki G, Bar-Gil Shitrit A, Role of soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in patients with latent tuberculosis. Lung. 2006;184:21–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izzo F, Curley S, Maio P, Correlation of soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels with severity of chronic hepatitis C virus liver injury and development of hepatocellular cancer. Surgery. 1996;120:100–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liem LM, van Houwelingen HC, Goulmy E. Serum cytokine levels after HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation. 1998;66:863–871.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Poll T, Jansen J, van Leenen D, Release of soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor in clinical sepsis and experimental endotoxemia. J Infect Dis. 1993;168:955–960.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ertel W, Scholl FA, Gallati H, Increased release of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors into blood during clinical sepsis. Arch Surg. 1994;129:1330–1336.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Werra I, Jaccard C, Corradin SB, Cytokines, nitrite/nitrate, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors, and procalcitonin concentrations: comparisons in patients with septic shock, cardiogenic shock, and bacterial pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 1997;25:607–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar