References
- Azizkhan RG. Complex vascular anomalies. Pediatr Surg Int. 2013;29:1023–1038.
- Adams DM, Wentzel MS. The role of the hematologist/oncologist in the care of patients with vascular anomalies. Pediatr Clin N Am. 2008;55:339–355.
- Kollipara R, Dinneen L, Rentas KE, et al. Current classification and terminology of pediatric vascular anomalies. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2013;201:1124–1135.
- Hammill AM, Wentzel MS, Gupta A, et al. Sirolimus for the treatment of complicated vascular anomalies in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2011;57:1018–1024.
- Margolin JF, Soni HM, Pimpalwar S. Medical therapy for pediatric vascular anomalies. Semin Plast Surg. 2014;28:79–86.
- Lackner H, Karastaneva A, Schwinger W, et al. Sirolimus fort he treatment of children with various complicated vascular anomalies. Eur J Pediatr. 2015;174:1579–1584.
- Trenor CC. Sirolimus for refractory vascular anomalies. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2011;57:904–905.
- Vignot S, Faivre S, Aguirre D, et al. mTOR-targeted therapy of cancer with rapamycin derivatives. Ann Oncol. 2005;16:525–537.
- Amornphimoltham P, Patel V, Sodhi A, et al. Mammalian target of rapamycin, a molecular target in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer Res. 2005;65:9953–9961.
- Guba M, von Breitenbuch P, Steinbauer M, et al. Rapamycin inhibits primary and metastatic tumor growth by antiangiogenesis: involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor. Nat Med. 2002;8:128–135.
- Bruns CJ, Koehl GE, Guba M, et al. Rapamycin-induced endothelial cell death and tumor vessel thrombosis potentiate cytotoxic therapy against pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2004;10:2109–2119.
- Phung TL, Ziv K, Dabydeen D, et al. Pathological angiogenesis is induced by sustained Akt signaling and inhibited by rapamycin. Cancer Cell. 2006;10:159–170.
- Joukov V, Pajusola K, Kaipainen A, et al. A novel vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-C, is a ligand for the Flt4 (VEGFR-3) and KDR (VEGFR-2) receptor tyrosine kinases. EMBO J. 1996;15:290–298.
- Jeltsch M, Kaipainen A, Joukov V, et al. Hyperplasia of lymphatic vessels in VEGF-C transgenic mice. Science. 1997;276:1423–1425.
- Weidman DR, Pole JD, Bouffet E, et al. Dose-level response rates of mTOR inhibition in tuberous sclerosis complex related subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2015;62:1754–1776.
- Adams DM, Trenor CC, Hammill AM, et al. Efficacy and safety of sirolimus in the treatment of complicated vascular anomalies. Pediatrics. 2016;137:1–10.