Inhibition of Autoimmune Disease by the Immunomodulator Linomide Correlates with the Ability to Activate Macrophages

References

• Karussis D M, Lehmann D, Slavin S, Vourka-Karussis U, Mizrachi-Koll R, Ovadia H., et al. Inhibition of acute, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by the synthetic immunomodulator linomide. Ann. Neurol 1993; 34: 654–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karussis D M, Lehmann D, Slavin S, Vourka Karussis U, MizrachiKoll R, Ovadia H., et al. Treatment of chronic-relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with the synthetic immunomodulator linomide (quino-line-3-carboxamide). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1993; 90: 6400–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu J, Diab A, Mustafa M, Levi M, Wahren B, Bjork J., et al. Linomide suppresses chronic-relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in DA rats. J. Neurol. Sci. 1998; 160: 113–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diab A, Michael L, Wahren B, Deng G M, Bjork J, Hedlund G., et al. Linomide suppresses acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats by counter-acting the imbalance of pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory cytokines. J. Neuroimmunol 1998; 85: 146–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gross D J, Sidi H, Weiss L, Kalland T, Rosenmann E, Slavin S. Prevention of diabetes mellitus in non-obese diabetic mice by Linomide, a novel immunomodulating drug. Diabetologia 1994; 37: 1195–201
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karussis D M, Lehmann D, Brenner T, Wirguin I, MizrachiKoll R, Sicsic C., et al. Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis with linomide. J. Neuroimmunol 1994; 55: 187–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karpati T, Karussis D, Abramsky O, Mizrahi Koll R, Arbell I, Ovadia H. Inhibition of experimental autoimmune neuritis by the immunomodulator linomide. Immunol. Lett 1998; 63: 141–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai X F, Shi F D, Zhu J, Xiao B G, Hedlund G, Link H. Linomide-induced suppression of experimental autoimmune neuritis is associated with down-regulated macrophage functions. J. Neuroimmunol 1997; 76: 177–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Björk J, Kleinau S. Paradoxical effects of LS-2616 (Linomide) treatment in the type II collagen arthritis model in mice. Agents. Actions 1989; 27: 319–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tarkowski A, Gunnarsson K, Nilsson L A, Lindholm L, Stålhandske T. Successful treatment of autoimmunity in MRL/1 mice with LS-2616, a new immunomodulator. Arthritis. Rheum 1986; 29: 1405–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarkowski A, Gunnarsson K, Stålhandske T. Effects of LS-2616 administration upon the autoimmune disease of (NZB × NZW) Fl hybrid mice. Immunology 1986; 59: 589–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen O, Lycke J, Tollesson P O, Svenningsson A, Run-Marker B., Linde A. S., et al. Linomide reduces the rate of active lesions in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1996; 47: 895–900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karussis D M, Meiner Z, Lehmann D, Gomori J M, Schwarz A, Linde A., et al. Treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis with the immunomodulator linomide: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study with monthly magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. Neurology 1996; 47: 341–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coutant R, Landais P, Rosilio M, Johnsen C, Lahlou N, Chatelain P., et al. Low dose linomide in Type I juvenile diabetes of recent onset: a randomised placebo-controlled double blind trial. Diabetologia 1998; 41: 1040–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichikawa T, Lamb J C, Christensson P I, Hartley Asp B, Isaacs J. T. The antitumor effects of the quinoline-3-carboxamide linomide on Dunning R-3327 rat prostatic cancers. Cancer. Res. 1992; 52: 3022–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vukanovic J, HartleyAsp B, Isaacs J. T. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and the therapeutic ability of linomide against rat prostatic cancers. Prostate 1995; 26: 235–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vukanovic J, Isaacs J. T. Linomide inhibits angiogenesis, growth, metastasis, and macrophage infiltration within rat prostatic cancers. Cancer. Res. 1995; 55: 1499–504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalo J A, Gonzalez Garcia A, Kalland T, Hedlund G, Martinez C, Kroemer G. Linomide, a novel immunomodulator that prevents death in four models of septic shock. Eur. J. Immunol 1993; 23: 2372–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalo J A, Gonzalez Garcia A, Kalland T, Hedlund G, Martinez C, Kroemer G. Linomide inhibits programmed cell death of peripheral T cells in vivo. Eur. J. Immunol 1994; 24: 48–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hairing A C, Xu Z, Andersson G, Hedlund G. Linomide enhances apoptosis in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes. Scand. J. Immunol 1997; 46: 488–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsson E L, Joki A, Stalhandske T. Mechanism of action of the new immunomodulator LS2616 on T cell responses. Int. J. Immunopharmacol 1987; 9: 425–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann D, Karussis D M, Fluresco D, MizrachiKoll R, Ovadia H, Shezen E., et al. Immunomodulation of autoimmunity by linomide: inhibition of antigen presentation through down regulation of macrophage activity in the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 1997; 74: 102–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arad G, Katzenellenbogen M, Levy R, Slavin S, Kaempfer R. Linomide, an immunomodulator that inhibits Thl cytokine gene expression. Int. Immunol 1996; 8: 1603–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serreze D. V. Autoimmune diabetes results from genetic defects manifest by antigen presenting cells. FASEB. J. 1993; 7: 1092–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milich D R, Jones J E, McLachlan A, Houghten R, Thornton G B, Hughes J. L. Distinction between immunogenicity and tolerogenicity among HBcAg T cell determinants. Influence of peptide-MHC interaction. J. Immunol 1989; 143: 3148–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ucker D S, Meyers J, Obermiller P. S. Activation-driven T cell death. II. Quantitative differences alone distinguish stimuli triggering nontransformed T cell proliferation or death. J. Immunol 1992; 149: 1583–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrasco Marin E, Shimizu J, Kanagawa O, Unanue E. R. The class II MHC I-Ag7 molecules from non-obese diabetic mice are poor peptide binders. J. Immunol 1996; 156: 450–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serreze D V, Gaskins H R, Leiter E. H. Defects in the differentiation and function of antigen presenting cells in NOD/Lt mice. J. Immunol 1993; 150: 2534–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rep M H, Hintzen R Q, Polman C H, van Lier R A. Functional defects in peripheral blood T cells of multiple sclerosis patients. Diminished in vitro responsiveness in accessory cell dependent activation systems. J. Neuroimmunol 1994; 52: 139–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph I B, Isaacs J. T. Macrophage role in the anti-prostate cancer response to one class of antiangiogenic agents. J. Natl. Cancer. Inst 1998; 90: 1648–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dianzani F, Antonelli G, Capobianchi M. R. Biological activity of gamma interferon. Ann. 1st. Super. Sanita 1990; 26: 255–61
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Belardelli F. Role of interferons and other cytokines in the regulation of the immune response. APMIS 1995; 103: 161–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snapper C M, Yamaguchi H, Urban J F, Jr., Finkelman F. D. Induction of Ly-6A/E expression by murine lymphocytes after in vivo immunization is strictly dependent upon the action of IFN-alpha/beta and/or IFN-gamma. Int. Immunol 1991; 3: 845–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glimcher L H, Kara C. J. Sequences and factors: a guide to MHC class-ll transcription. Annu. Rev. Immunol 1992; 10: 13–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leenen P J, de Bruijn M F, Voerman J S, Campbell P A, van Ewijk W. Markers of mouse macrophage development detected by monoclonal antibodies. J. Immunol. Methods 1994; 174: 5–19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Gool S W, Vandenberghe P, de Boer M, Ceuppens J. L. CD80, CD86 and CD40 provide accessory signals in a multiple-step T-cell activation model. Immunol. Rev. 1996; 153: 47–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsson T. Critical influences of the cytokine orchestration on the outcome of myelin antigen-specific T-cell autoimmunity in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. Immunol. Rev. 1995; 144: 245–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liblau R S, Singer S M, McDevitt H. O. Thl and Th2 CD4+ T cells in the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Immunol. Today 1995; 16: 34–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bird J J, Brown D R, Mullen A C, Moskowitz N H, Mahowald M A, Sider J. R., et al. Helper T cell differentiation is controlled by the cell cycle. Immunity 1998; 9: 229–37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishikura H, Jayaraman S, Kuchroo V, Diamond B, Saito S, Dorf M. E. Functional analysis of cloned macrophage hybrid-omas. VII. Modulation of suppressor T cell-inducing activity. J. Immunol 1989; 143: 414–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shehadeh N, Calcinaro F, Bradley B J, Bruchlim I, Vardi P, Lafferty K. J. Effect of adjuvant therapy on development of diabetes in mouse and man. Lancet 1994; 343: 706–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takei I, Asaba Y, Kasatani T, Maruyama T, Watanabe K, Yanagawa T., et al. Suppression of development of diabetes in NOD mice by lactate dehydrogenase virus infection. J. Autoimmun 1992; 5: 665–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadelain M W, Qin H Y, Lauzon J, Singh B. Prevention of type I diabetes in NOD mice by adjuvant immunotherapy. Diabetes 1990; 39: 583–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumoto Y, Fujiwara M. Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by staphylococcal enterotoxin D. Cell. Immunol 1993; 149: 268–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inada T, Mims C. A. Infection of mice with lactic dehydrogenase virus prevents development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol 1986; 11: 53–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krakowski M, Owens T. Interferon-gamma confers resistance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Eur. J. Immunol 1996; 26: 1641–6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voorthuis J A, Uitdehaag B M, De Groot C J, Goede P H, Van Der Meide P H, Dijkstra C. D. Suppression of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by intraventricular administration of interferon-gamma in Lewis rats. Clin. Exp. Immunol 1990; 81: 183–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billiau A, Heremans H, Vandekerckhove F, Dijkmans R, Sobis H, Meulepas E., et al. Enhancement of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in mice by antibodies against IFN-gamma. J. Immunol 1988; 140: 1506–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar