271
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Cancer

Benefits and risks of ovarian function and reproduction for cancer development and prevention

Pages 1043-1047 | Received 21 Sep 2010, Accepted 19 Jan 2011, Published online: 18 Apr 2011

References

  • Murdoch WJ, Matinchick JF. Oxidative damage of DNA of ovarian surface epithelial cells affected by ovulation: carcinogenic implication and chemoprevention. Exp Biol Med 2004;229:546–552.
  • Purdie DM, Bain CJ, Siskind V, Well PM, Green AC. Ovulation and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Cancer 2003;104:228–232.
  • Ho SM. Estrogen/progesterone and epithelial ovarian cancer. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2003;1:73.
  • Gadducci A, Cosio S, Gasgini A, Genazzani AR. Sex-steroid hormones, gonadotropin and ovarian carcinogenesis: a review of epidemiological and experimental data. Gynecol Endocrinol 2004;19:216–228.
  • Tavani A, Boeetti C, Dahl-Maso L, Giordano L, Franceschi S, La Vecchia C. Influence of related hormonal and lifestyle factors and familiar propensity to ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2004;92:922–926.
  • Chiaffarino F, Pelucchi C, Parazzini F, Negri E, Franceschi S, Talamini R, Conti E, Montella M, La Vecchia C. Reproductive and hormonal factors and ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 2001;12:337–341.
  • Titus-Ernstoff L, Perez K, Cramer DW, Harlow BU, Baron JA, Greenberg ER. Menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to ovarian cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2001;82:714–721.
  • Ness RB, Grisso JA, Vergona R, Klapper J, Morgan M, Wheeler JE. Oral contraceptives, other methods of contraception and risk reduction for ovarian cancer. Epidemiology 2001;12:307–312.
  • Siskind V, Green A, Bain C, Purdie D. Beyond ovulation: oral contraceptives and epithelial ovarian cancer. Epidemiology 2000;11:106–110.
  • Kashyap S, Davis OK. Ovarian cancer and fertility medications: a critical appraisal. Semin Reprod Med 2003;21:65–71.
  • Kashyap S, Moher D, Femy MF, Rosenwaks Z. Assisted reproductive technology and the incidence of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:785–794.
  • Brinton LA, Lamb EJ, Moghissi KS, Scoccia B, Althuis MD, Mabie JE, Westhoff CL. Ovarian cancer risk after the use of ovulation-stimulating drugs. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:1194–1203.
  • Lerner-Geva L, Lunenfeld B. Ovulation stimulation since 50 years: is there a risk for cancer? 9th International Symposium on GnRH-analogues, Berlin 2008, Abstract, p 49.
  • Henderson BE, Bernstein L. The role of endogenous and exogenous hormones in the etiology of breast cancer. Breast diseases. In: Harris JR, Hellmann S, Henderson IC, Kinne DU, editors. Philadelphia: Lippincott1991. pp 126–135.
  • Garland M, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Spiegelmann D, Speizer F, Willett WC. Menstrual cycle characteristics and history of ovulatory infertility in relation to breast cancer risk in a large cohort of US women. Am J Epidemiol 1998;14:636–643.
  • Michels KB, Xue F. Role of birth weight in the etiology of breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2006;119:2007–2025.
  • Titus-Ernstoff L, Longnecker MP, Newcomb PA, Dain B, Greenberg ER, Mittendorf R, Stampfer M, Willett W. Menstrual factors in relation to breast cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1998;7:783–789.
  • MacMahon B, Cole B, Lin TM, Lowe CR, Mirra AP, Ravnihar B, Salber EJ, Valaoras VG, Yuasa S. Age at first birth and breast cancer risk. Bull World Health Organ 1970;43:209–221.
  • Simpson HW, McArdle CS, George WD, Griffiths K, Turkes A, Pauson AW. Pregnancy postponement and childlessness leads to chronic hypervascularity of the breast and cancer risk. Br J Cancer 2002;87:1246–1252.
  • Mellbye M, Wohlfahrt J, Lei U, Nørgaard-Pedersen B, Mouridsen HT, Lambe M, Michels KB. Alpha-fetoprotein levels in maternal serum during pregnancy and maternal breast cancer incidence. J Nat Cancer Inst 2000;92:1001–1005.
  • Guzman RC, Yang J, Rajkumar L, Thordarson G, Chen X, Nandi S. Hormonal prevention of breast cancer: mimicking the protective effect of pregnancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999;96:2520–2525.
  • Oran B, Celik I, Erman M, Baltali E, Zengin N, Demirkazik F, Fezcan S. Analysis of menstrual, reproductive and life-style factors for breast cancer in Turkish women: a case–control study. Med Oncol 2004;21:31–40.
  • Sivaraman L, Medina D. Hormone-induced protection against breast cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2002;7:77–92.
  • Vatten LJ, Romundstad PR, Trichopoulos D, Skjaevoen M. Pregnancy related protection against breast cancer depends on length of gestation. Br J Cancer 2002;87:289–290.
  • Campagnoli C, Abba CH, Ambroggio S, Peros C. Pregnancy, progesterone and progestins in relation to breast cancer risk. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2005;97:441–450.
  • Peck JD, Hulka BS, Porle C, Savitz DA, Baird D, Richardson BE. Steroid hormone levels during pregnancy and incidence of maternal breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002;11:361–368.
  • Innes KE, Byers TE. First pregnancy characteristics and subsequent breast cancer risk among young women. Int J Cancer 2004;112:306–311.
  • Beral V, Bull D, Doll R, Peto R, Reeves G; Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer. Breast cancer and abortion: collaborative analysis of data from 53 epidemiological studies including 83000 women with breast cancer from 16 countries. Lancet 2004;363:1007–1016.
  • Palmer JR, Wise LA, Adams-Campbell LL, Rosenberg L. A prospective study of induced abortion and breast cancer in African-American women. Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:105–111.
  • Jernstrom H, Lerman C, Ghadirian P, Lynch HT, Weber B, Garber J, Daly M, Olopade OI, Foulkes WD, Warner E, Pregnancy and risk of early breast cancer in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2. Lancet 1999;354:1846–1850.
  • Olsson H, Bladstrom A. A cohort study of reproductive factors and family history of breast cancer in Southern Sweden. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2002;76:203–209.
  • Jernström H, Lerman C, Ghandirian P, Lynch HT, Weber B, Garber J, Daly M, Olopade OI, Foulkes WD, Warner E, Pregnancy and risk of early breast cancer in carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2. Lancet 1999;354:1846–1850.
  • Clavel-Chapelon F. Cumulative number of menstrual cycles and breast cancer risk: results from the E3N cohort study of French women. Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:831–838.
  • Kabuto M, Akiba S, Stevens RG, Nerishi K, Land CE. A prospective study of estradiol and breast cancer in Japanese women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2000;9:575–579.
  • Sturgeon SR, Potischman N, Malone KE, Dorgan JF, Daling J, Schairer C, Brinton LA. Serum levels of sex hormones and breast cancer risk in premenstrual women: a case control study (USA). Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:45–53.
  • Yu H, Shu XO, Shi R, Dai Q, Jin F, Gao YT, Li BD, Zheng W. Plasma sex steroid hormones and breast cancer risk in Chinese women. Int J Cancer 2003;105:92–97.
  • Trichopoulos D, Brown JB, Garas J, Papaioannou A, MacMahon B. Elevated urine estrogens and pregnandiol levels in daughters of breast cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;67:603–606.
  • Gauthier E, Paoletti X, Clavel-Chapelon F; the E3N group. Breast cancer risk associated with being treated for infertility: results from the French E3N cohort study. Hum Reprod 2004;19:2216–2221.
  • Burkman RT, Tang MT, Malone KE, Marchbanks PA, McDonald JA, Folger SG, Norman SA, Strom BL, Bernstein L, Ursin G, Infertility drugs and the risk of breast cancer: findings from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experience Study. Fertil Steril 2003;79:844–851.
  • Brinton LA, Berman ML, Mortel R, Twiggs LB, Barrett RJ, Wilbanks GD, Lannom L, Hoover RN. Reproductive, menstrual and medical risk factors for endometrial cancer: results from a case–control study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:1317–1325.
  • Xu WH, Xiang YB, Ruan ZX, Zheng W, Cheng JR, Dai Q, Gao YT, Shu XO. Menstrual and reproductive factors and endometrial cancer risk: results from a population based case-control study in urban Shanghai. Int J Cancer 2004;108:613–619.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.