Adnexal torsion in children and adolescents: new trends to conservative surgical approach – Our experience and review of literature

References

• Göçmen A, Karaca M, Sari A. Conservative laparoscopic approach to adnexal torsion. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2008;277:535–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guthrie BD, Adler MD, Powell EC. Incidence and trends of pediatric ovarian torsion hospitalizations in the United States, 2000-2006. Pediatrics 2010;125:532–538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinelli C, Di Giacomo M, Mucci N, Massart F. Hemorrhagic corpus luteum cysts: an unusual problem for pediatric surgeons. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2009;22:163–167.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinelli C, Di Giacomo M, Cei M, Mucci N. Functional ovarian lesions in children and adolescents: when to remove them. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009;25:294–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huchon C, Fauconnier A. Adnexal torsion: a literature review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010;150:8–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamio M, Oki T, Inomoto Y, Tsuji T, Yoshinaga M, Douchi T. Torsion of the normal ovary and oviduct in a pre-pubertal girl. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2007;33:87–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R, Huang R, Hicks B, Garcia N. Cannot exclude torsion–a 15-year review. J Pediatr Surg 2009;44:1212–6; discussion 1217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ochsner TJ, Roos JA, Johnson AS, Henderson JL. Ovarian torsion in a three-year-old girl. J Emerg Med 2010;38:e27–e30.
   Google Scholar
• Svensson JF, Larsson A, Uusijärvi J, von Sivers K, Kaiser S. Oophoropexy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound after asynchronous bilateral ovarian torsion. J Pediatr Surg 2008;43:1380–1384.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yancey LM. Intermittent torsion of a normal ovary in a child associated with use of a trampoline. J Emerg Med 2012;42:409–412.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Celik A, Ergün O, Aldemir H, Ozcan C, Ozok G, Erdener A, Balýk E. Long-term results of conservative management of adnexal torsion in children. J Pediatr Surg 2005;40:704–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crouch NS, Gyampoh B, Cutner AS, Creighton SM. Ovarian torsion: to pex or not to pex? Case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2003;16:381–384.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rousseau V, Massicot R, Darwish AA, Sauvat F, Emond S, Thibaud E, Nihoul-Fékété C. Emergency management and conservative surgery of ovarian torsion in children: a report of 40 cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2008;21:201–206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beaunoyer M, Chapdelaine J, Bouchard S, Ouimet A. Asynchronous bilateral ovarian torsion. J Pediatr Surg 2004;39:746–749.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Varras M, Akrivis C, Demou A, Antoniou N. Asynchronous bilateral adnexal torsion in a 13-year-old adolescent: our experience of a rare case with review of the literature. J Adolesc Health 2005;37:244–247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Templeman C, Hertweck SP, Fallat ME. The clinical course of unresected ovarian torsion. J Pediatr Surg 2000;35:1385–1387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galinier P, Carfagna L, Delsol M, Ballouhey Q, Lemasson F, Le Mandat A, Moscovici J, et al. Ovarian torsion. Management and ovarian prognosis: a report of 45 cases. J Pediatr Surg 2009;44:1759–1765.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aziz D, Davis V, Allen L, Langer JC. Ovarian torsion in children: is oophorectomy necessary? J Pediatr Surg 2004;39:750–753.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGovern PG, Noah R, Koenigsberg R, Little AB. Adnexal torsion and pulmonary embolism: case report and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv 1999;54:601–608.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Savic D, Stankovic ZB, Djukic M, Mikovic Z, Djuricic S. Torsion of malignant ovarian tumors in childhood and adolescence. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2008;21:1073–1078.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R, Huang R, Hicks B, Garcia N. Pediatric ovarian malignancy presenting as ovarian torsion: incidence and relevance. J Pediatr Surg 2010;45:135–139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tavassoli FA, Devilee P. World Health Organization classification of tumours. Pathology and genetics of tumours of the breast and female genital organs. Lyon: IARC Press; 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Tsai TC, Wong LY, Wu HP. Ovarian torsion caused by teratoma masquerading as perforated appendicitis in a 5-year-old girl. Pediatr Neonatol 2011;52:51–54.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DeJohn LM, Choudhary AK, Boal DK. Acute ovarian torsion in an infant: diagnostic clues on supine and decubitus abdominal radiographs confirmed by ultrasound. Emerg Radiol 2010;17:335–338.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Takeda A, Mori M, Sakai K, Mitsui T, Nakamura H. Laparoscopic management of ovarian dysgerminoma presenting with acute abdomen caused by adnexal torsion in a 17-year-old girl. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2009;22:e9–13.
   Google Scholar
• Smith CJ, Bey T, Emil S, Wichelhaus C, Lotfipour S. Ovarian teratoma with torsion masquerading as intussusception in 4-year-old child. West J Emerg Med 2008;9:228–231.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Takeda A, Manabe S, Mitsui T, Nakamura H. Laparoscopic management of mature cystic teratoma of bilateral ovaries with adnexal torsion occurring in a 9-year-old premenarchal girl. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2006;19:403–406.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karnik AS, Sainani Md NI, Kamat Md NN. Sequential bilateral torsion of normal ovaries in a prepubertal child. J Clin Ultrasound 2006;34:33–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kives SL, Bond SJ, Lara-Torre E. Müllerian agenesis and ovarian torsion. A case report and review of literature. J Pediatr Surg 2005;40:1326–1328.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoey BA, Stawicki SP, Hoff WS, Veeramasuneni RK, Kovich H, Grossman MD. Ovarian torsion associated with appendicitis in a 5-year-old girl: a case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Surg 2005;40:e17–e20.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anders JF, Powell EC. Urgency of evaluation and outcome of acute ovarian torsion in pediatric patients. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005;159:532–535.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kokoska ER, Keller MS, Weber TR. Acute ovarian torsion in children. Am J Surg 2000;180:462–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cass DL, Hawkins E, Brandt ML, Chintagumpala M, Bloss RS, Milewicz AL, Minifee PK, et al. Surgery for ovarian masses in infants, children, and adolescents: 102 consecutive patients treated in a 15-year period. J Pediatr Surg 2001;36:693–699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeJohn LM, Choudhary AK, Boal DK. Acute ovarian torsion in an infant: diagnostic clues on supine and decubitus abdominal radiographs confirmed by ultrasound. Emergency Radiology 2009;17:335–338.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zou KH, Tuncali K, Silverman SG. Correlation and simple linear regression. Radiology 2003;227:617–622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shadinger LL, Andreotti RF, Kurian RL. Preoperative sonographic and clinical characteristics as predictors of ovarian torsion. J Ultrasound Med 2008;27:7–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Servaes S, Zurakowski D, Laufer MR, Feins N, Chow JS. Sonographic findings of ovarian torsion in children. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:446–451.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linam LE, Darolia R, Naffaa LN, Breech LL, O’hara SM, Hillard PJ, Huppert JS. US findings of adnexal torsion in children and adolescents: size really does matter. Pediatr Radiol 2007;37:1013–1019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang JH, Wu DH, Jin H, Wu YZ. Predominant etiology of adnexal torsion and ovarian outcome after detorsion in premenarchal girls. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2010;20:298–301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmaz E, Usal C, Kovanlikaya A, Karabay N. Sonographic and MRI findings in prepubertal adnexal hemorrhagic cyst with torsion. J Clin Ultrasound 2001;29:200–202.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moore C, Meyers AB, Capotasto J, Bokhari J. Prevalence of abnormal CT findings in patients with proven ovarian torsion and a proposed triage schema. Emerg Radiol 2009;16:115–120.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Oltmann SC, Garcia N, Barber R, Huang R, Hicks B, Fischer A. Can we preoperatively risk stratify ovarian masses for malignancy? J Pediatr Surg 2010;45:130–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinelli C, Pucci V, Buti I, Liserre J, Messineo A, Bianco F, Ugolini C. The role of tumor markers in the surgical approach of ovarian masses in pediatric age: a 10-year study and a literature review. Ann Surg Oncol 2012;19:1766–1773.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy JD, Erickson KM, Smith YR, Quint EH. Premenarchal ovarian torsion and elevated CA-125. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2010;23:e47–e50.
   Google Scholar
• Peerman CG Jr, Williams EL. Adnexal torsion; differential diagnosis. Obstet Gynecol 1954;3:523–526.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schwartz DS, Keller MS. Deep venous thrombosis as a cause of pelvic pain in children. J Ultrasound Med 1997;16:281–283.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cohen Z, Shinhar D, Kopernik G, Mares AJ. The laparoscopic approach to uterine adnexal torsion in childhood. J Pediatr Surg 1996;31:1557–1559.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Styer AK, Laufer MR. Ovarian bivalving after detorsion. Fertil Steril 2002;77:1053–1055.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Taskin O, Birincioglu M, Aydin A, Buhur A, Burak F, Yilmaz I, Wheeler JM. The effects of twisted ischaemic adnexa managed by detorsion on ovarian viability and histology: an ischaemia-reperfusion rodent model. Hum Reprod 1998;13:2823–2827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suprasert P, Khunamornpong S, Phusong A, Settakorn J, Siriaungkul S. Accuracy of intra-operative frozen sections in the diagnosis of ovarian masses. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2008;9:737–740.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karpelowsky JS, Hei ER, Matthews K. Laparoscopic resection of benign ovarian tumours in children with gonadal preservation. Pediatr Surg Int 2009;25:251–254.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar