Original Article: Streptokinase Modifies in Vitro Platelet Aggregation by Two Mechanisms: Reduced Aggregation due to Fibrinogenolysis and Enhanced Aggregation via an Immunological Reaction

References

• Rudd M A., Georges D, Amarante P, Vaughan D E., Loscalzo J. Temporal effects of thrombolytic agents on platelet function in vivo and their modulation by prostaglandins. Circ Res 1990; 67: 1175–1181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fears R. Comparison of the effects of streptokinase, tPA and APSAC on human platelet aggregation in vitro in the absence and presence of aspirin. Thromb Res 1990; 60: 259–268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brogdon R N., Speight T M., Avery G S. Streptokinase: a review of its clinical pharmacology, mechanism of action and therapeutic uses. Drugs 1973; 5: 357–445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niewiarowski S, Senyi A F., Gillies P. Plasmin-induced platelet aggregation and platelet release reaction. J Clin Invest 1973; 52: 1649–1659, Effects on haemostasis
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terres W, Unmus S, Mathey D G., Bleifeld W. Effect of streptokinase, urokinase, and tissue plasminogen activator on platelet aggregability and stability of platelet aggregates. Cardiovasc Res 1990; 67: 1175–1181
   Google Scholar
• Schafer A I., Adelman B. Plasmin inhibition of platelet function and arachidonic acid metabolism. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 456–461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torr S R., Winters K J., Santoro S A., Sobel B E. The nature of interaction between tissue type plasminogen activator and platelets. Thromb Res 1990; 59: 279–293
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gouin I, Lecompte T, Morel M C., et al. In vitro effect of plasmin on human platelet function in plasma. Circulation 1992; 85: 935–941, Inhibition of aggregation caused by fibrinogenolysis
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coller B S. Platelets and thrombolytic therapy. N Engl J Med 1990; 332: 33–40
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald D J., Catella F, Roy L, FitzGerald G A. Marked platelet activation in vivo after intravenous streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1988; 77: 142–150
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan D E., Kirshenbaum J M., Loscalzo J. Streptokinase induced antibody-mediated platelet aggregation: a potential cause of clot propagation in vivo. J Am Coll Cardiol 1988; 11: 1343–1348
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan D E., Van Houtte E, Declerck P J., Collen D. Streptokinase induced platelet aggregation: prevalence and mechanism. Circulation 1991; 84: 84–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebrazi J, Helft G, Abdelouahed M, et al. Human antistreptokmase antibodies induce platelet aggregation in a Fc receptor (CD32) dependent manner. in press, Thromb Heamost
   Google Scholar
• Fears R., Hearn J, Standring R., Anderson J L., Marder V J. Lack of influence of pretreatment antistreptokinase antibody on efficacy in a multicenter patency comparison of intravenous streptokinase and anistreplase in acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 1992; 124: 305–314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebrazi J, Abdelouahed M, Mirshahi M, Samama M M., Lecompte T. Streptokinase and APSAC inhibit platelet aggregation in vitro by fibrinogenolysis: effects of plasma fibrinogen degradation products X and E. Fibrinolysis 1995; 9: 113–119
   Google Scholar
• Laemmli U K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 1970; 227: 680–685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouchterlony. Handbook of Experimental Immunology, Weir, 1967; 655
   Google Scholar
• Morel M C., Lecompte T, Champeix P, et al. a monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein IIb which is a platelet activator. Br J Haematol 1989; 71: 57–63, PL2-49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazurov A V., Vinogradov D V., Vlasik T N., Burns G F., Berndt M C. Heterogeneity of platelet Fc-receptor-dependent response to activating monoclonal antibodies. Platelets 1992; 3: 181–188
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scott J L., Dunn S M., Jin B, et al. Characterisation of a novel membrane glycoprotein involved in platelet activation. J Biol Chem 1989; 23: 13475–13482
   Google Scholar
• Zuzel M, Walton S, Bums G F., Berndt M C. Cawley J C. Br J Haematol 1990; 79: 466473, A monoclonal antibody to a 67 KD cell membrane glycoprotein directly induces persistent platelet aggregation independently of granule secretion
   Google Scholar
• Born G. V.R. Cross M J. JPhysiol 1963; 168: 178–195, The aggregation of blood platelets
   Google Scholar
• Clauss A. Gerinnungsphysiologische schnellmethode zur Bestimmung des Fibrinogens. Acta Haematol 1957; 17: 237–246
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fletcher A P., Alkjaersig N, Sherry S. The clearance of heterologous protein from the circulation of normal and immunized man. J Clin Invest 1959; 37: 1306–1315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James D. C.O. Anti-streptokinase levels in various hospital patient groups. Postgrad Med J 1973; 49(Suppl I)26–9
   Google Scholar
• Bachmann F. Development of antibodies against perorally and rectally administered streptokinase in man. J Lab Clin Med 1968; 72: 228–238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerins D M., Roy L, Fitzgerald G A., Fitzgerald D J. Platelet and vascular function during coronary thrombolysis with tissue type plasminogen activator. Circulation 1989; 80: 1718–1723
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman J J M L, Bonnier J J R M, Melman P G., et al. Platelet function during thrombolytic therapy with antistreplase. Fibrinolysis 1983; 7: 401–407
   Google Scholar
• Heptinstall S, Berridge D C. Judje H. Platelets 1990; 1: 177–188, Effects of streptokinase and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator on platelet aggregation in whole blood
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Looney R J., Anderson C L., Ryan D H., Rosenfeld S I. Structural polymorphism of the human platelet Fcγ receptor. J Immunol 1988; 8: 2680–2683
   Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld S I., Ryan D H., Looney R J., Anderson C L., Abraham G N., Leddy J P. Human Fcγ receptor: stable inter-donor variation in quantitative expression on platelets correlates with functional responses. J Immunol 1987; 9: 2869–2876
   Google Scholar
• Rosenfeld S I., Looney R J., Leddy J P., Phipps D C. Abraham G N, Anderson C L. J Clin Invest 1985; 76: 2317–2322, Human platelet Fcγ receptor for immunoglobulin G: identification as a 40,000 molecular weight membrane protein shared by monocytes
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelton J G., Smith J W., Santos A V., Murphy W G., Horsewood P. Platelet IgG Fc receptor. Am J Hematol 1987; 25: 299–310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worthington R E., Carrol R C. Boucheix C. Br J Haematol 1990; 74: 216–222, Platelet activation by CD9 monoclonal antibodies is mediated by the FcγII receptor
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fratantoni J C. Pollet R. Gralnick H R 1975; 45: 395–401, Heparin induced thrombocytopenia: confirmation of diagnosis with in vitro methodBlood
   Google Scholar
• Lecrubier C., Lecompte T, Potevin F, Horellou M H., Conard J, Samama M M. Tests d'agrégation plaquettaire dans 26 cas de thrombopénies induites par l'héparine (TIH). Problèmes méthodologiques, diagnostiques et aspects thérapeutiques. J Mal Vasc 1987; 12: 128–132
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lynch M, Littler W A., Pentecost B L., Stockley R A. Immunoglobulin response to intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction. Br Heart J 1991; 66: 139–142
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harker A L., Slitcher S J., Sauvage L R. Platelet consumption by arterial prostheses. Ann Surg 1987; 18: 594–601
   Google Scholar