36
Views
35
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Functional Roles of Plasma High Density Lipoprotein

, &
Pages 109-140 | Published online: 26 Sep 2008

References

  • Osborne J. C., Jr., Brewer H. B., Jr. The plasma lipoprotein. Adv. Prot. Chem. 1977; 31: 253
  • Scanu A. M., Edelstein C., Keim P. Serum lipoprotein. The Plasma Proteins, Vol. 1, 2nd Ed., F. Putnam. Academic Press, New York 1974; 317
  • Anderson D. W., Nichols A. V., Pan S. S., Lindgren F. T. High density lipoprotein distribution: resolution and determination of three major components in a normal population sampl. Atherosclerosis 1978; 29: 161
  • Patsch R. J., Gotto A. M., Jr. Separation and analysis of HDL subclasses by zonal ultracentrifugatio. Report of the High Density Lipoprotein Workshop, K. Lippel. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md 1979, 310.NIH Publ. 79–1661
  • Nichols A. V., Blanche P. J., Krauss R. M., Gong E. L. Gradient gel electrophoresis of HDL within the ultracentrifugal d 1.20 fraction from human seru. Report of the High Density Lipoprotein Workshop, Kenneth Lippel. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md 1979; 303, NIH Publ. 79–1661
  • Mahley R. W., Weisgraber K. H., Innerarity T., Brewer H. B., Assman G. Swine lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. Changes in the plasma lipoproteins and apoproteins induced by cholesterol feedin. Biochemistry 1975; 14: 2817
  • Mahley R. W. Alterations in plasma lipoproteins induced by cholesterol feeding in animals including ma. Disturbances in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism, J. M. Dietchy, A. M. Gotto, J. A. Ontko. Waverly Press, Baltimore 1978; 181
  • Shipley G. G., Atkinson D., Scanu A. M. Small angle X-ray scattering of human serum high-density lipoprotein. J. Supramolec. Structure 1972; 1: 98
  • Atkinson D., Smith H. M., Dickson J., Austin J. P. Interaction of apoprotein from porcine high density lipoprotein with dimyristoyl lecithin. I. Structure of the complexe. Eur. J. Biochem. 1976; 64: 541
  • Laggner P., Muller H., Kratky O., Kostner G., Holasek A. Studies on the structure of lipoprotein A of human high density lipoprotein HDL3 — the spherically averaged electron density distributio. FEBS Lett. 1973; 33: 77
  • Tardieu A., Mateu L., Sardet C., Weiss B., Luzzati V., Aggerbeck L., Scanu A. M. The structure of human serum lipoproteins in solution. II. A small-angle X-ray scattering study of HDL3 and LD. J. Mol. Biol. 1976; 101: 129
  • Ohtsuki M., Edelstein C., Sogard M., Scanu A. M. Electron microscopy of negatively stained and freeze-etched human serum high density lipoprotein-. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1977; 74: 5001
  • Forte T., Nichols A. V. Application of electron microscopy to the study of plasma lipoprotein structur. Adv. Lip. Res. 1972; 10: 1
  • Forte N., Nordhausen R. Structural analysis of plasma lipoproteins by novel electron microscopic technique. Circulation 1976; 54: 94, Suppl. II, Abstr. 368
  • Verdery R. B., II, Nichols A. P. Arrangement of lipid and protein in human serum high density lipoproteins: a proposed mode. Chem. Phys. Lipids 1975; 14: 123
  • Shen B., Scanu A. M., Kezdy F. The structure of human serum lipoproteins inferred from compositional analysi. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1977; 74: 837
  • Edelstein C., Kezdy F. J., Scanu A. M., Shen B. W. Apolipoproteins and structural organization of plasma lipoproteins: human plasmic high density lipoprotein-. J. Lipid Res. 1979; 20: 143
  • Hamilton R. L., Williams M. C., Fielding C. J., Havel R. J. Discoidal bilayer structure of nascent high density lipoproteins from perfused rat live. J. Clin. Invest. 1976; 58: 667
  • Glomset J. A. Plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferas. Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: Quantitation, Composition and Metabolism, G. J. Nelson. John Wiley & Sons, New York 1972; 745
  • Green P. H. R., Tall A. R., Glickman R. M. Rat intestine secretes discoid high density lipoprotei. J. Clin. Invest. 1978; 61: 528
  • Roheim P. S., Gidez L. I., Eder H. A. Extrahepatic synthesis of lipoproteins of plasma and chyle: role of the intestin. J. Clin. Invest. 1966; 45: 297
  • Tall A. R., Small D. M. Body cholesterol removal: role of plasma high density lipoprotein. Adv. Lipid Res. 1980; 17: 1
  • Minari D., Zilversmit D. Behavior of dog lymph chylomicron lipid constituents during incubation with seru. J. Lipid Res. 1963; 4: 424
  • Nestel P. J., Havel R. J., Bezman A. Sites of initial removal of chylomicron triglyceride fatty acids from the bloo. J. Clin. Invest. 1962; 41: 1915
  • Havel R. J., Kane J. P., Kashyap M. L. Interchange of apolipoproteins between chylomicrons and high density lipoproteins during alimentary lipemia in ma. J. Clin. Invest. 1973; 52: 32
  • Mis O. D., Faegermean O., Hamilton R. L., Havel R. J. Characterization of remnants produced during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of blood plasma and intestinal lymph in the ra. J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 56: 603
  • Eisenberg S. Plasma lipoprotein conversion: the origin of low-density and high-density lipoprotei. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1980; 348: 30
  • Schaefer E. J., Jenkins L. L., Brewer H. B. Human chylomicron apolipoprotein metabolis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1978; 80: 405
  • Redgrave T. G., Small D. M. Quantitation of the transfer of surface phospholipid of chylomicrons to the high density lipoprotein fraction during the catabolism of chylomicrons in the ra. J. Clin. Invest. 1979; 64: 162
  • Nicoll A., Miller N. E., Lewis B. High-density lipoprotein metabolis. Adv. Lipid Res. 1980; 17: 53
  • Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L., Weisgraber K. H. Alterations in metabolic activity of plasma lipoproteins following selective chemical modification of the apoprotein. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1980; 348: 265
  • Roheim P. S., Rachmilewitz D., Stein O., Stein Y. Metabolism of iodinated high density lipoproteins in the ra. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1971; 248: 315
  • Nakai T., Whayne T. F. Catabolism of canine apolipoprotein A-1: purification, catabolic rate, organs of catabolism, and the liver subcellular catabolic sit. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1976; 88: 63
  • Carew T. E., Sark R. P., Johansen K. H., Dennis C. A., Steinberg D. Low density and high density lipoprotein turnover following portacaval shunt in swin. J. Lipid Res. 1976; 17: 441
  • Snidermann A., Thomas D., Marpole D., Teng B. Low density lipoproteins: a metabolic pathway for return of cholesterol to the splanchnic be. J. Clin. Invest. 1978; 61: 867
  • Van Tol A., Van Gent T., Van Hooft T F.M., Vlaspolder F. High density lipoprotein catabolism before and after partial hepatectom. Atherosclerosis 1978; 29: 439
  • Glomset J. A., Norum K. R. The metabolic role of lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase: perspective from patholog. Adv. Lipid Res. 1973; 11: 1
  • Miller G. J., Miller N. E. Plasma high density lipoprotein concentration and development of ischemic heart diseas. Lancet 1975; 1: 16
  • Fielding C. J., Shore V. G., Fielding P. E. A protein cofactor of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferas. Biochem, Biophys. Res. Commun. 1972; 46: 1493
  • Chung J., Abano D. A., Fless G. M., Scanu A. M. Isolation, properties, and mechanism of in vitro action of lecithin:cholesterol of acyltransferase from human, plasm. J. Biol. Chem. 1979; 254: 7456
  • Soutar A. K., Garner C. N., Baker H. N., Sparrow J. T., Jackson R. L., Gotto A. M., Smith L. C. The effects of plasma apolipoproteins on lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferas. Biochemistry 1975; 14: 3057
  • Newman G. C., Huang C. Structural studies on phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol mixed vesicle. Biochemistry 1975; 14: 3363
  • Scanu A. M., Lagocki P. I., Chung J. Effect of apolipoprotein A-U on the structure of high density lipoproteins: relationship to the activity of lecithin:cholesterol acyl transferase in vitr. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1980; 348: 160
  • Chajek T., Aron L., Fielding C. J. Interaction of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in the transport of cholesteryl ester into sphingomyelin liposome. Biochemistry 1980; 19: 3673
  • Chung J., Abano D., Scanu A. M. Mass:activity distribution of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in plasma lipoproteins of human plasm. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 1981; 40: 1696, Abstr. 902
  • Zilversmit D. G., Hughes L. B., Balmer J. Stimulation of cholesterol ester exchange by lipo-protein-free rabbit plasm. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1975; 409: 393
  • Pattnaik N. M., Montes A., Hughes L. B., Zilversmit D. B. Cholesteryl ester exchange protein in human plasma: isolation and characterizatio. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1978; 530: 428
  • Chajek T., Fielding C. J. Isolation and characterization of a human serum cholesteryl ester transfer protei. Proc. Natl. Acad., Sci. U.S.A. 1978; 75: 3445
  • Morton R. E., Zilversmit D. B. The separation of apolipoprotein D from cholesteryl ester transfer protei. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1981; 663: 350
  • Sniderman A., Teng B., Vezina C., Marcel Y. L. Cholesteryl ester exchange between human high and low density lipoproteins mediated by a plasma protein facto. Atherosclerosis 1978; 31: 327
  • Barter P. J., Rajaram O. V., White G. M. Isolation and characterization of a serum triglyceride transfer protei. Circulation 1979; 60, Suppl. 11–17, Abstr. 452
  • Ihm J., Harmony J. A. K., Ellsworth J., Jackson R. L. Simultaneous transfer of cholesteryl ester and phospholipid by protein(s) isolated from human lipoprotein-free plasm. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1980; 46: 1493
  • Fielding P. E., Fielding C J. A cholesteryl ester transfer complex in human plasm. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1980; 77: 3327
  • Fielding C. J., Fielding P. E. Regulation of human plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity by lipoprotein acceptor cholesteryl ester conten. J. Biol. Chem. 1981; 256: 2102
  • Forte T., Norum K. R., Glomset J. A., Nichols A. V. Plasma lipoproteins in familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: structure of low and high density lipoproteins as revealed by electron microscop. J. Clin. Invest. 1971; 50: 1141
  • Blomoff J. P. High density lipoproteins in cholestasi. Scan. J. Gastroenterol. 1974; 9: 591
  • Marcel Y. L., Vezina C., Edmond D., Suzel G. Heterogeneity of human high density lipo-protein:presence of lipoproteins with and without apoE and their roles as substrates for lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase reactio. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1980; 77: 2969
  • Marsh J. B. Apoproteins of the lipoproteins in a non-recirculating perfusate of rat live. J. Lipid Res. 1976; 17: 85
  • Green P. H. R., Tall A. R., Glickman R. M. Rat intestine secretes discoid high density lipoprotei. J. Clin. Invest. 1978; 61: 528
  • Glickman R. M., Green P. H. R. The intestine as a source of apolipoprotein A-. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1977; 74: 2569
  • Green P. H. R., Glickman R. M., Sandek C. D., Blum C. B., Tall A. R. Human intestinal lipoproteins: studies in chyluric subject. J. Clin. Invest. 1979; 64: 233
  • Glomset J. A., Mitchell C. D., King W. C., Applegate K. A., Forte T., Norum K. R., Gjone E. In vitro effects of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase on apolipoprotein distribution in familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficienc. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1980; 348: 224
  • Glangeaud M. C., Eisenberg S., Olivecrona T. Very low density lipoprotein: dissociation of apolipoprotein C during lipoprotein lipase induced lipolysi. Biochim. Biophys, Acta 1977; 486: 23
  • Patsch J. R., Gotto A. M., Olivecrona T., Eisenberg S. Formation of high density lipoprotein-like particles during lipolysis of very low density lipoproteins in vitr. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1978; 75: 4519
  • Yukawa S., Scanu A. M. In vitro effect on human serum lipoproteins by increasing amounts of exogenous very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the absence and presence of lipoprotein lipase (LPL. Circulation 1980; 62, Suppl. 111–80, Abstr. 290
  • Anderson D. N., Nichols A. V., Forte T. M., Lindgren F. T. Particle distribution of human serum high density lipoprotein. Biochim. Biophys, Acta 1977; 493: 55
  • LaRosa J. C., Levy R. I., Windmueller H. G., Fredrickson D. S. Comparison of the triglyceride lipase of liver, adipose tissue, and post heparin plasm. J. Lipid Res. 1972; 13: 356
  • Jansen H., Van Zuylen-Van Wiggen A., Hulomann W. C. Lipoprotein lipase from heart and liver: an immunological stud. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1973; 55: 30
  • Sauan J., Stokke K. T. Plasma estrogens and hepatic lipase in postheparin plasma with special reference to liver diseas. Clin. Chim. Acta 1979; 92: 101
  • Kuusi T., Kinnunen P. K. J., Nikkila E. A. Hepatic endothelial lipase antiserum influences rat low and high density lipoproteins in viv. FEBS Lett. 1979; 104: 384
  • Huttunen J. K., Ehnholm C., Kekki M., Nikkila E. A. Post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase in normal subjects and in patients with hypertriglyceridaemi. Clin. Sci. Mol. Med. 1976; 50: 249
  • Bengtsson G., Olivecrona T. The hepatic heparin releasable lipase binds to high density lipoprotein. FEBS Lett. 1980; 119: 290
  • Kuusi T., Saarinen P., Nikkila E. A. Evidence for the role of hepatic endothelial lipase in the metabolism of plasma high density lipoproteins in ma. Atherosclerosis 1980; 36: 589
  • Jansen H., Van Tol A., Hulsmann W. C. On the metabolic function of heparin-releasable liver lipas. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1980; 92: 53
  • Van Tol A., Van Gent T., Jansen H. Degradation of high density lipoprotein by heparin-releasable liver lipas. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1980; 94: 101
  • Eisenberg S., Schun D., Goldman H., Olivecrona T. Comparison of the phospholipase activity of bovine milk lipoprotein lipase against rat plasma very low density and high density lipoprotei. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1978; 531: 344
  • Simpson E. R., Bilheimer D. W., MacDonald P. C., Porter J. C. Uptake and degradation of plasma lipoproteins by human choriocarcinoma cells in cultur. Endocrinology 1979; 104: 8
  • Carr B. R., Porter J. C., MacDonald P. C., Simpson E. R. Metabolism of low density lipoprotein by human fetal adrenal tissu. Endocrinology 1980; 107: 1034
  • Kovanen P. T., Faust J. R., Brown M. S., Goldstein J. L. Low density lipoprotein receptors in bovine adrenal cortex. I. Receptor-mediated uptake of low density lipoprotein and unitization of its cholesterol for steroid synthesis in cultured adrenocortical cell. Endocrinology 1979; 104: 599
  • Kovanen P. T., Schneider W. J., Hillman G. M., Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. Separate mechanisms for the uptake of high and low density lipoproteins by mouse adrenal gland in viv. J. Biol. Chem. 1979; 254: 5498
  • Andersen J. M., Dietschy J. M. Regulation of sterol synthesis in 15 tissues of ra. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 3652
  • Andersen J. M., Dietschy J. M. Relative importance of high and low density lipoproteins in the regulation of cholesterol synthesis in the adrenal gland, ovary and testis of ra. J. Biol. Chem. 1978; 253: 9024
  • Brown M. S., Kovanen P. T., Goldstein J. L. Receptor-mediated uptake of lipoprotein-cholesterol and its utilization for steroid synthesis in the adrenal corte. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 1979; 35: 215
  • Balasubramaniam S., Goldstein J. L., Faust J. R., Brunschede G. Y., Brown M. S. Lipo-protein-mediated regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity and cholesteryl ester metabolism in the adrenal gland of the ra. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 1771
  • Faust J. R., Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. Receptor-mediated uptake of low density lipoprotein and utilization of its cholesterol for steroid synthesis in cultural mouse adrenal cell. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 4861
  • Brown M. S., Kovanen P. T., Goldstein J. L. Regulation of plasma cholesterol by lipoprotein receptor. Science 1981; 212: 628
  • Gwynne J. T., Mahaffee D., Brewer H. B., Jr., Ney R. L. Adrenal cholesterol uptake from plasma lipoproteins: regulation by corticotropi. Proc. Natl. Acad, Sci. U.S.A. 1976; 73: 4329
  • Henderson J. F. Studies on fatty liver induction by 4-amino-pyrazolopyrimidin. J. Lipid Res. 1963; 4: 68
  • Kita T., Beisiegel V., Goldstein J. L., Schneider W. J., Brown M. S. Antibody against low density lipoprotein receptor blocks uptake of low density lipoprotein (but not high density lipoprotein) by the adrenal gland of the mouse in viv. J. Biol. Chem. 1981; 256: 4701
  • Kovanen P. T., Goldstein J. L., Chapel D. A., Brown M. S. Regulation of low density lipoprotein receptors by adrenocorticotropin in the adrenal gland of mice and rats in viv. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 5591
  • Gwynne J. T., Hess B. The role of high density lipoproteins in rat adrenal cholesterol metabolism and steroidogenesi. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 10875
  • Chen Y-D., Kroemer F. B., Reaven G. M. Identification of specific high density lipoprotein-binding sites in rat testis and regulation of binding by human chorionic gonadotropi. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 9162
  • Gwynne J. T., Hess B. Binding and degradation of human 125I HDL by rat adrenocortical cell. Metab. Clin. Exp. 1978; 27: 1593
  • Wu J. D., Butler J., Bailey J. M. Lipid metabolism in cultured cells. Will. Comparative uptake of low density and high density lipoproteins by normal, hypercholesterolemic and tumor virus-transformed human fibroblast. J. Lipid Res. 1979; 20: 472
  • Miller N. E., Weinstein D. B., Carew T. E., Koschinsky T., Steinberg D. Interaction between high density and low density lipoproteins during uptake and degradation by cultured human fibroblast. J. Clin. Invest. 1977; 60: 78
  • Kovanen P. T., Brown M. S., Goldstein J. L. Increased binding of low density lipoprotein to liver membranes from rats treated with 17 α-ethinyl estradio. J. Biol. Chem. 1979; 254: 11367
  • Munthe-Kaas A. C., Berg T., Seljelid R. Distribution of lysosomal enzymes in different types of rat liver cell. Exp. Cell Res. 1976; 99: 146
  • Nakai T., Otto P. S., Kennedy D. L., Whayne T. F., Jr. Rat high density lipoprotein subfraction (HDL3) uptake and catabolism by isolated rat liver parenchymal ceil. J. Biol. Chem. 1976; 251: 4914
  • Van Berkel T. J. C., Van Tol A., Koster J. F. Iodine-labeled human and rat low-density and high-density lipoprotein degradation by human liver and parenchymal and non parenchymal cells from rat live. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1978; 529: 138
  • Van Berkel T. J. C., Koster J. F., Hulsmann W. C. High-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein catabolism by human liver and parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells from rat live. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1977; 486: 586
  • Breslow J. L., Lothrop D. A., Clowes A. W., Lux S. E. Lipoprotein regulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme. A reductase activity in rat liver cell culture. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 2726
  • Edwards P. A. Effect of plasma lipoproteins and lecithin-cholesterol dispersions on the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase of isolated rat hepatocyte. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1975; 409: 39
  • Ose L., Ose T., Norum K. R., Berg T. Uptake and degradation of 125I labelled high density lipoproteins in rat liver cells in vivo and in vitr. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1979; 574: 521
  • Ose L., Ose T., Norum K. R., Berg T. The intracellular distribution of high density lipoproteins taken up by isolated rat hepatocyte. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1980; 620: 120
  • Ose T., Berg T., Norum K. R., Ose L. Catabolism of (125I) low density lipoproteins in isolated rat liver cell. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1980; 97: 192
  • Van Berkel T. J. C., Kruijt J. K., Van Gent T., Van Tol A. Saturable high affinity binding of low density and high density lipoproteins by parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells from rat live. Biochem. Biophys, Res. Commun. 1980; 92: 1002
  • Ose L., Röken I., Norum K. R., Drevon C. A., Berg T. The binding of high density lipoproteins to isolated rat: hepatocyte. Scand. J. Clin. Invest. 1981; 41: 63
  • Wandel M., Norum K. R., Berg T., Ose L. Binding, uptake, and degradation of 125I-labelled high-density lipoproteins in isolated non-parenchymal rat liver cell. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 1981; 16: 71
  • Drevon C. A., Berg T., Norum K. R. Uptake and degradation of cholesterol ester-labelled rat plasma lipoproteins in purified rat hepatocytes and non-parenchymal liver cell. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1977; 487: 122
  • Ose L., Ose T., Reinertsen R., Berg T. Fluid endocytosis in isolated rat parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cell. Exp. Cell Res. 1980; 126: 109
  • Innerarity T. L., Pitas R. E., Mahley R. W. Disparities in the interaction of rat and human lipoproteins with cultured rat fibroblasts and smooth muscle cell. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 11163
  • Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L. Interaction of canine and swine lipoproteins with the low density lipoprotein receptor of fibroblasts as correlated with heparin/precipitabilit. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 3980
  • Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L., Pitas R. E., Weisgraber K. H., Brown J. H., Gross E. Inhibition of lipoprotein binding to cell surface receptors of fibroblasts following selective modification or arginyl residues in arginine-rich and B apoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 7279
  • Goldstein J. L., Brown M. S. The low density lipoprotein pathway and its relation to atherosclerosi. Ann. Rev. Biochem 1977; 46: 897
  • Chao Y., Windier E. E., Chen G. Ch., Havel R. J. Hepatic catabolism of rat and human lipoproteins in rat treated with 17 α-ethinyl estradio. J. Biol. Chem. 1979; 254: 11360
  • Kita T., Brown M. S., Watanabe Y., Goldstein J. L. Deficiency of low density lipoprotein receptors in liver and adrenal gland of the WHHL rabbit, an animal model of familial hypercholesterolemi. Proc. Natl. Acad, Sci. U.S.A. 1981; 78: 2268
  • Bachorik P. S., Kwiterovich P. O., Cooke J. C. Isolation of a porcine liver plasma membrane fraction that binds low density lipoprotein. Biochemistry 1978; 17: 5287
  • Ose L., Röken I., Norum K. R., Berg T. The effect of ammonia, chloroquine, leupeptin, colchicine and cytocholasin B on degradation of high density lipoproteins in isolated rat hepatocyte. Exp. Cell Res. 1980; 130: 127
  • Quarfordt S., Hanks J., Jones R. S., Shelburne F. The uptake of high density lipoprotein cholesteryl ester in the perfused rat live. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 225: 2934
  • Jakoi L., Quarfordt S. H. Alterations of rat hepatic cholesterogenesis by heterologous lipoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 6856
  • Schwartz C. C., Halloran L. G., Vlahcevic Z. R., Gregory D. H., Swell L. Preferential utilization of free cholesterol from high density lipoproteins for biliary cholesterol secretion in ma. Science 1978; 200: 62
  • Halloran L. G., Schwartz C. C., Vlahcevic Z. R., Hisman R. M., Swell L. Evidence for high-density lipoprotein-free cholesterol as the primary precursor for bile acid synthesis in ma. Surgery 1978; 84: I
  • Rothblat G. H., Arbogast J. Y., Ray E. K. Stimulation of esterified cholesterol accumulation in tissue culture cells exposed to high density lipoproteins enriched in free cholestero. J. Lipid Res. 1978; 19: 350
  • Nilsson M., Berg T. Uptake and degradation of formaldehyde-treated 125I-labelled human serum albumin in rat liver cells in vivo and in vitr. Biochim. Biophys, Acta 1977; 497: 171
  • Goldstein J. L., Ho Y. K., Basu S. K., Brown M. S. Binding site on macrophages that mediates uptake and degradation of acetylated low density lipoprotein, producing massive cholesterol depositio. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1979; 76: 333
  • Mahley R. W., Innerarity T. L., Weisgraber K. H., Oh S. Y. Altered metabolism (in vivo and in vitro) of plasma lipoproteins after selective chemical modification of lysine residues of the apoprotein. J. Clin. Invest. 1979; 64: 743
  • Stein Y., Stein O., Goren R. Metabolism and metabolic role of serum high density lipoprotein. High Density Lipoproteins and Atherosclerosis, A. M. Gotto, Jr., N. E. Miller, M. F. Oliver. Elsevier, Amsterdam 1978; 37
  • Miller N. E., Weinstein D. B., Steinberg D. Uptake and degradation of high density lipoprotein: comparison of fibroblasts from normal subjects and from homozygous familial hypercholesterolemic subject. J. Lipid Res 1978; 19: 644
  • Miller N. E., Weinstein D. B., Steinberg D. Binding, internalization, and degradation of high density lipoprotein by cultured normal human fibroblast. J. Lipid Res. 1977; 18: 438
  • Koschinsky T., Carew T. E., Steinberg D. A comparative study of surface binding of human low density and high density lipoproteins to human fibroblasts: regulation by sterols and susceptibility to proteolitic degradatio. J. Lipid Res. 1977; 18: 451
  • Carew T. E., Koschinsky T., Hayes S. B., Steinberg D. A mechanism by which high-density lipoproteins may slow the atherogenic proces. Lancet 1976; 1: 1315
  • Bierman E. L., Stein O., Stein Y. Lipoprotein uptake and metabolism by rat aortic smooth muscle cells in tissue cultur. Circ. Res. 1974; 35: 136
  • Stein O., Stein Y. Surface binding and interiorization of homologous and heterologous serum lipoproteins by rat aortic smooth muscle cells in cultur. Biochim. Biophys, Acta 1975; 398: 377
  • Drevon C. A., Attic A. D., Pangburn S. H., Steinberg D. Metabolism of homologous and heterologous lipoproteins by cultured rat and human skin fibroblast. J. Lipid Res. 1981; 22: 37
  • Daerr W. H., Gianturco S. H., Patsch J. R., Smith L. C., Gotto A. M., Jr. Stimulation and suppression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in normal human fibroblasts by high density lipoprotein subclasse. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1980; 619: 287
  • Emeis J. J., Vermier B. J., Havekes L. Immunoelectron-microscopy of the binding of high density lipoproteins apoproteins to normal and hypercholesterolemic human fibroblast. Cell Biol. Intern. Reports 1981; 5: 133
  • Stein O., Vanderhock J., Stein Y. Cholesterol ester accumulation in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells: Induction of cholesterol ester retention by chloroquine and low density lipoprotein and its reversion by mixtures of high density apolipoprotein and sphingomyeli. Atherosclerosis 1977; 26: 465
  • Stein Y., Glangeaud M. C., Fainaru M., Stein O. The removal of cholesterol from aortic smooth muscle cells in culture and Landschutz ascites cells by fractions of human high density apolipoprotein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1975; 380: 106
  • Ho Y. K., Brown M. S., Goldstein J. L. Hydrolysis and excretion of cytoplasmic cholesteryl ester by macrophages: stimulation by high density lipoprotein and other agent. J. Lipid Res. 1980; 21: 391
  • Brown M. S., Ho Y. K., Goldstein J. L. The cholesteryl ester cycle in macrophage foam cell. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 9344
  • Wu J-D., Báiley J. M. Lipid metabolism in cultured cells: studies on lipoprotein-catalyzed reverse cholesterol transport in normal and homozygous familial hypercholesterolemic skin fibroblast. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1980; 202: 467
  • Bates S. R., Rothblat G. H. Regulation of cellular sterol flux and synthesis by human lipoprotein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1974; 360: 38
  • Stein O., Stein Y. The removal of cholesterol from Landschütz ascites cells by high density apolipoprotein. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1973; 326: 232
  • Jackson R. L., Gotto A. M., Stein O., Stein Y. A comparative study on the removal of cellular lipids from Landschütz ascites cells by human plasma apolipoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 1975; 250: 7204
  • Stein O., Goren R., Stein Y. Removal of cholesterol from fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in culture in the presence and absence of cholesterol esterification in the mediu. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1978; 529: 309
  • Fogelman A. M., Seager J., Edwards P. A., Popjak G. Mechanism of induction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in human leukocyte. J. Biol. Chem. 1977; 252: 644
  • Fogelman A. M., Edmond J., Seager J., Popjak G. Abnormal induction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in leukocytes from subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemi. J. Biol. Chem. 1975; 250: 2045
  • Daniels R. J., Guertler L. S., Parker T. S., Steinberg D. Studies on the rate of efflux of cholesterol from cultured human skin fibroblast. J. Biol. Chem. 1981; 256: 4978
  • Rothblat G. H., Kritchevsky D. The secretion of free and ester cholesterol by tissue culture cells: studies with L5178 Y and L-cell. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1967; 144: 423
  • Werb Z., Conn Z. A. Cholesterol metabolism in the macrophage. III. Ingestion and intracellular fate of cholesterol and cholesterol ester. J. Exp. Med. 1972; 135: 21
  • Glomset J. A. Physiological role of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferas. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1970; 23: 1129
  • Miller N. E. Induction of low density lipoprotein receptor synthesis by high density lipoprotein in cultures of human skin fibroblast. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1978; 529: 131
  • Ritter M. C., Scanu A. M. Structural changes in human serum high density lipoprotein-3 attending incubation with blood leukocyte. J. Biol. Chem. 1980; 255: 3763
  • Kwok B. C. P., Dawson G., Ritter M. C. Stimulation of glycolipid synthesis and exchange by human serum high density lipoprotein-3 in human fibroblasts and leukocyte. J. Biol. Chem. 1981; 256: 92
  • Franson R., Weiss J., Martin L., Spitznagel J. K., Elsbach P. Phospholipase A activity associated with the membrane of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte. Biochem. J. 1977; 167: 839
  • Ulevitch R. J., Johnston A. R., Weinstein D. B. New function for high density lipoproteins: isolation and characterization of a bacterial lyopolysaccharide-high density lipoprotein complex formed in rabbit plasm. J. Clin. Invest. 1981; 67: 827
  • Mathison J. C., Ulevitch R. J. The clearance, tissue distribution and cellular localization of intravenously injected lipopolysaccharide in rabbit. J. Immunol. 1979; 123: 2133
  • Mathison J. C., Ulevitch R. J. Physiologic effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-lipoprotein complexe. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Sec. Exp. Biol. 1980; 39: 674, Abstr. 2154
  • Rifkin M. R. Identification of the trypanocidal factor in normal human serum: high density lipoprotei. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1978; 75: 3450
  • Benditt E. P., Eriksen N. Amyloid protein SAA is associated with high density lipoprotein from human seru. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1977; 74: 4025
  • Ericksen N., Benditt E. P. Isolation and characterization of the amyloid-related apoprotein (SAA) from human high density lipoprotei. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1980; 77: 6860
  • Hoffmann J. S., Eriksen N., Benditt E. P. Apo-SAA is a fast-clearing HDL apoprotein in the mous. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 1980; 39: 39, Abstr. 544
  • Malmendier C. L., Paroutand P., Amerychex J. Partial amino acid sequence of three new apolipoproteins isolated from human high density lipoprotein. FEBS Lett 1980; 109: 43
  • Jackson R. L., Kashyap M. L., Glueck C. J. Glucose infusions increase plasma levels of amyloid proteins in high density lipoprotein. Biomedicine 1980; 33: 245
  • Shore V. G., Shore B., Lewis S. B. Isolation and characterization of two threonine-poor apolipoproteins of human plasma high density lipoprotein. Biochemistry 1978; 17: 2174
  • Hessler J. R., Robertson A. L., Chisolm G. M., III. LDL-induced cytotoxicity and its inhibition by HDL in human vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells in cultur. Atherosclerosis 1979; 22: 213
  • Henricksen T., Evensen S. A., Carlander B. Injury to cultured endothelial cells induced by low density lipoproteins: protection by HD. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 1979; 39: 369
  • Beitz J., Forster W. Influence of human low density and high density lipoprotein cholesterol on the in vitro prostaglandin I2 synthetase activit. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1980; 620: 352
  • Srinevasan S. R., Yost C., Radhakrishnamurthy B., Dalferes E. R., Jr., Berenson G. S. Lipoprotein-elastin interactions in human aorta fibrous plaque lesion. Atherosclerosis 1981; 38: 137
  • Noma A., Takahashi T., Wada T. Elastin-lipid interaction in the arterial wall. II. In vitro binding of lipoprotein-lipids to arterial elastin and the inhibitory effect of high density lipoproteins on the proces. Atherosclerosis 1981; 38: 373
  • Tracy R. E., Dzoga K. R., Wissler R. E. Sequestration of serum low-density lipoproteins in the arterial intima by complex formatio. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1965; 118: 1095
  • Srinivasan S. R., Yost K., Radhakrishnamurthy B., Dalferes E. R., Jr., Berenson G. S. Lipoprotein-hyaluronate associations in human aorta fibrous plaque lesion. Atherosclerosis 1980; 36: 25
  • Hoff H. E., Jackson R. L., Mao J. T., Gotto A. M. Localization of low density lipoproteins in arterial lesions from normolipidemics employing a purified fluorescent labeled antibod. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1974; 351: 407
  • Kramsch D. M., Franzblan C., Hollander W. The protein and lipid composition of arterial elastin and its relationship to lipid accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaqu. J. Clin. Invest. 1970; 50: 1666
  • Smith E. B., Smith R. H. Early change in aortic intim. Atherosclerosis Reviews, R. Paoletti, A. M. Gotto. Raven Press, New York 1976; Vol. 1: 119
  • Curtiss L. K., De Heer D. H., Edgington T. S. In vivo suppression of the primary immune response by a species of low-density serum lipoprotei. J. Immunol. 1977; 118: 648
  • Curtiss L. K., Edgington T. S. Differential sensitivity of lymphocyte subpopulations to suppression by LDL-1n, an immunoregulatory human serum low density lipoprotei. J. Clin. Invest. 1979; 63: 193
  • Fujii D. K., Edgington T. S. Direct suppression of lymphocyte induction by the immunoregulatory human serum low density lipoprotein, LDL-1. J. Immunol. 1980; 124: 156
  • Chisari F. V., Edgington T. S. Lymphocyte E rosette inhibitory factor: a regulatory serum lipoprotei. J. Exp. Med. 1975; 142: 1092
  • Chisari F. V., Routenberg J. A., Frala M., Edgington T. S. Extrinsic modulation of human T-lymphocyte E rosette function associated with prolonged hepatocellular injury after viral hepatiti. J. Clin. Invest. 1977; 59: 134
  • Curtiss L. K., Edgington T. S. Effect of LDL-1n, a normal immunoregulatory human serum LDL, on the interaction of macrophages with lymphocytes proliferating in response to mitogen and allogeneic stimulatio. J. Immunol 1977; 118: 1966
  • Schuh J., Novogrodsky A., Haschemeyer R. H. Inhibition of lymphocyte mitogenesis by autoxidized low-density lipoprotei. Biochem. Biophys, Res. Commun. 1978; 84: 763
  • Leikin A., Scanu A. M. unpublished results

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.