Association of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 with poor prognosis in elderly patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

References

• Cawthon RM. Telomere length measurement by a novel monochrome multiplex quantitative PCR method. Nucleic Acids Research 2009;37:e21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seftel MD, Demers AA, Banerji V, . High incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) diagnosed by immunophenotyping: a population-based Canadian cohort. Leuk Res 2009;33:1463–1468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentile M, Cutrona G, Neri A, et al F. Predictive value of {beta}2-microglobulin ({beta}2-m) levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia since Binet A stages. Haematologica 2009;94:887–888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damle RN, Wasil T, Fais F, . Ig V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1999;94:1840–1847.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rassenti LZ, Jain S, Keating MJ, . Relative value of ZAP-70, CD38, and immunoglobulin mutation status in predicting aggressive disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2008;112:1923–1930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallek M, Fischer K, Fingerle-Rowson G, . Addition of rituximab to fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 2010;376:1164–1174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letestu R, Lévy V, Eclache V, . Prognosis of Binet stage A chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: the strength of routine parameters. Blood 2010;116:4588–4590.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delgado J, Pratt G, Phillips N, . Beta2-microglobulin is a better predictor of treatment-free survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia if adjusted according to glomerular filtration rate. Br J Haematol 2009;145:801–805.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molica S, Levato D, Cascavilla N, . Clinico-prognostic implications of simultaneous increased serum levels of soluble CD23 and β2-microglobulin in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Eur J Haematol 1999;62:117–122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fayad L, Keating MJ, Reuben JM, . Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with phenotypic characteristics and outcome. Blood 2001;97:256–263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lai R, O'Brien S, Maushouri T, . Prognostic value of plasma interleukin-6 levels in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer 2002;95:1071–1075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierda WG, Johnson MM, Do K-A, . Plasma interleukin 8 level predicts for survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2003;120:452–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrajoli A, Keating MJ, Manshouri T, . The clinical significance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha plasma level in patients having chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2002;100:1215–1219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francia di Celle P, Mariani S, Riera L, . Interleukin-8 induces the accumulation of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by prolonging survival in an autocrine fashion. Blood 1996;87: 4382–4389.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jewell AP, Lydyard PM, Worman CP, . Growth factors can protect B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells against programmed cell death without stimulating proliferation. Leuk Lymphoma 1995;18:159–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierda WG, O'Brien S, Wang X, . Prognostic nomogram and index for overall survival in previously untreated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2007;109:4679–4685.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierda WG, O'Brien S, Wang X, . Characteristics associated with important clinical end points in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia at initial treatment. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:1637–1643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bairey O, Ruchlemer R, Rahimi-Levene N, . Presenting features and outcome of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients diagnosed at age 80 years or more. An ICLLSG study. Ann Hematol 2011;90:1123–1129.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanafelt TD, Rabe KG, Kay NE, . Age at diagnosis and the utility of prognostic testing in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer 2010;116:4777–4787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris TB, Ferrucci L, Tracy RP, . Associations of elevated interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels with mortality in the elderly. Am J Med 1999;106:506–512.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bruunsgaard H, Ladelund S, Pedersen AN, . Predicting death from tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in 80-year-old people. Clin Exp Immunol 2003;132:24–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrucci L, Corsi A, Lauretani F, . The origins of age-related proinflammatory state. Blood 2005;105:2294–2299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• di Celle PF, Carbone A, Marchis D, . Cytokine gene expression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: evidence of constitutive interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA expression and secretion of biologically active IL-8 protein. Blood 1994;84:220–228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biondi A, Rossi V, Bassan R, . Constitutive expression of the interleukin-6 gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1989;73:1279–1284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fais F, Ghiotto F, Hashimoto S, . Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells express restricted sets of mutated and unmutated antigen receptors. J Clin Invest 1998;102:1515–1525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jelinek DF, Tschumper RC, Stolovitzky GA, . Identification of a global gene expression signature of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Mol Cancer Res 2003;1:346–361.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston JB, Kabore AF, Strutinsky J, . Role of the TRAIL//APO2-L death receptors in chlorambucil- and fludarabine-induced apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncogene 2003;22:8356–8369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurtova AV, Balakrishnan K, Chen R, . Diverse marrow stromal cells protect CLL B cells from spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis: development of a reliable and reproducible system to assess stromal cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance. Blood 2009;114:4441–4450.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahyoun NR, Lentzner H, Hoyert D, . Trends in causes of death among the elderly. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Hamblin AD, Hamblin TJ. The immunodeficiency of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br Med Bull 2008;87:49–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiernik P. Second neoplasms in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2004;5:215–223.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schulz A, Toedt G, Zenz T, . Inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways are associated with survival of primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro: a dominant role of CCL2. Haematologica 2011;96:408–416.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plander M, Seegers S, Ugocsai P, . Different proliferative and survival capacity of CLL-cells in a newly established in vitro model for pseudofollicles. Leukemia 2009;23:2118–2128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burger JA, Ghia P, Rosenwald A, . The microenvironment in mature B-cell malignancies: a target for new treatment strategies. Blood 2009;114:3367–3375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vilpo J, Vilpo L, Hurme M, . Induction of beta-2-microglobulin release in vitro by chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells: relation to total protein synthesis. Leuk Res 1999;23:913–920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones RA, Drexler HG, Gignac SM, . In vitro beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) secretion by normal and leukaemic B-cells: effects of recombinant cytokines and evidence for a differential response to the combined stimulus of phorbol ester and calcium ionophore. Br J Cancer 1990;61:675–680.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wozniak S, Gee L, Wachtel M, . Adipose tissue: the new endocrine organ? A review article. Dig Dis Sci 2009;54:1847–1856.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davalos A, Coppe J-P, Campisi J, . Senescent cells as a source of inflammatory factors for tumor progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2010;29:273–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campisi J. Senescent cells, tumor suppression, and organismal aging: good citizens, bad neighbors. Cell 2005;120:513–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno A, Villar ML, Cámara C, . Interleukin-6 dimers produced by endothelial cells inhibit apoptosis of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Blood 2001;97:242–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuett H, Luchtefeld M, Grothusen C, . How much is too much? Interleukin-6 and its signalling in atherosclerosis. Thromb Haemost 2009;102:215–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waugh DJ, Wilson C. The interleukin-8 pathway in cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:6735–6741.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar