700
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Geography, ethnicity and “roots” in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

&
Pages 1142-1150 | Received 02 Oct 2012, Accepted 03 Oct 2012, Published online: 10 Dec 2012

References

  • Boggs DR, Chen SC, Zhang ZN, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in China. Am J Hematol 1987;25:349–354.
  • Chang YH, Park J, Kim HC, et al. Korean patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia show the similar types of chromosomal aberrations as those in Europe and North America. Leuk Res 2006; 30:695–699.
  • Chen PM, Lin SH, Fan SF, et al. Genotypic characterization and multivariate survival analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Taiwan. Acta Haematol 1997;97:196–204.
  • Dores GM, Anderson WF, Curtis RE, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma: overview of the descriptive epidemiology. Br J Haematol 2007;139:809–819.
  • Finch SC, Linet MS. Chronic leukaemias. Baillieres Clin Haematol 1992;5:27–56.
  • Groves FD, Linet MS, Devesa SS. Patterns of occurrence of the leukaemias. Eur J Cancer 1995;31A:941–949.
  • Kobayashi T, Kita K, Ohno T, et al. [Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Japan]. Rinsho Ketsueki 1990;31:554–563.
  • Tamara K, Sawada H, Izumi Y, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is rare, but the proportion of T-CLL is high in Japan. Eur J Haematol 2001;67:152–157.
  • Weiss NS. Geographical variation in the incidence of the leukemias and lymphomas. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1979:139–142.
  • Yavorkovsky LI, Terebkova ZF, Nikulshin SV, et al. B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in Latvia: epidemiological aspects. Eur J Haematol 1993;51:214–217.
  • Ruiz-Arguelles GJ, Velazquez BM, Apreza-Molina MG, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is infrequent in Mexican mestizos. Int J Hematol 1999;69:253–255.
  • Caporaso N, Marti GE, Goldin L. Perspectives on familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia: genes and the environment. Semin Hematol 2004;41:201–206.
  • Gale RP, Cozen W, Goodman MT, et al. Decreased chronic lymphocytic leukemia incidence in Asians in Los Angeles County. Leuk Res 2000;24:665–669.
  • Shvidel L, Shtarlid M, Klepfish A, et al. Epidemiology and ethnic aspects of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Israel. Leukemia 1998;12:1612–1617.
  • Yanagihara ET, Blaisdell RK, Hayashi T, et al. Malignant lymphoma in Hawaii-Japanese: a retrospective morphologic survey. Hematol Oncol 1989;7:219–232.
  • Jaffe ES. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia. In: Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Stein H, et al, editors. World Health Organization classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IARC Press; 2001. pp 127–132.
  • Kipps TJ. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia and related diseases. In: Kaushansky K, Lichtman MA, Beutler E, et al., editor. Williams Hematology. McGraw Hill Medical; 2010.
  • Matasar MJ, Ritchie EK, Consedine N, et al. Incidence rates of the major leukemia subtypes among US Hispanics, Blacks, and non-Hispanic Whites. Leuk Lymphoma 2006;47:2365–2370.
  • Pang J, Cook L, Schwartz SM, et al. Incidence of leukemia in Asian migrants to the United States and their descendants. Cancer Causes Control 2002;13:791–795.
  • Sgambati MT, Linet MS, Devesa SS. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In: Cheson B, editor. Chronic lymphoid leukemias. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc.; 2001. pp 33–62.
  • Gale RP, Foon KA. Biology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Hematol 1987;24:209–229.
  • Herrinton LJ, Goldoft M, Schwartz SM, et al. The incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and its histologic subtypes in Asian migrants to the United States and their descendants. Cancer Causes Control 1996;7:224–230.
  • Bartal A, Bentwich Z, Manny N, et al. Ethnical and clinical aspects of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Israel: a survey on 288 patients. Acta Haematol 1978;60:161–171.
  • Linet MS, Blattner WA. The epidemiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In: Polliack A, Catovsky D, editors.Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers; 1988. pp 11–32.
  • Cuttner J. Increased incidence of hematologic malignancies in first-degree relatives of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Invest 1992;10:103–109.
  • Koller EK, MacMahon B. Ethnic differences in the incidence of leukemia. Blood 1957;12:1–10.
  • Graham S, Gibson R, Lilienfeld A, et al. Religion and ethnicity in leukemia. Am J Public Health Nations Health 1970;60:266–274.
  • Ruchlemer R, Shvidel L, Baester AA, et al. Chromosomal abnormalities detected by FISH in CLL may be influenced by ethnic origin: preliminary data from a multicenter study in Israel for the Israel CLL Study Group (ICLLSG). Blood 2007;110(Suppl. 1): Abstract 4705.
  • al-Bahar S, Pandita R, al-Muhannaha A, et al. The epidemiology of leukemia in Kuwait. Leuk Res 1994;18:251–255.
  • Khan MQ, Shivarudrappa AS, el-Bialy S, et al. Leukaemia cases in Central Hospital, Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). J Indian Med Assoc 1991;89:38–42.
  • Tarawneh MS. Patterns of leukemias in Jordanians: a study of 378 cases. Acta Haematol 1984;72:335–339.
  • Fleming AF. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in tropical Africa: a review. Leuk Lymphoma 1990;1:169–173.
  • Fleming AF, Terunuma H, Tembo C, et al. Leukaemias in Zambia. Leukemia 1999;13:1292–1293.
  • Gunawardana C, Austen B, Powell JE, et al. South Asian chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients have more rapid disease progression in comparison to white patients. Br J Haematol 2008;142:606–609.
  • Omoti CE, Awodu OA, Bazuaye GN. Chronic lymphoid leukaemia: clinico-haematological correlation and outcome in a single institution in Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Int J Lab Hematol 2007;29:426–432.
  • Fleming AF. Leukaemias in Africa. Leukemia 1993;7(Suppl. 2): S138–S141.
  • Asou H, Takechi M, Tanaka K, et al. Japanese B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a cytogenetic and molecular biological study. Br J Haematol 1993;85:492–497.
  • Dohner H, Stilgenbauer S, Benner A, et al. Genomic aberrations and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2000;343:1910–1916.
  • Tsukasaki K, Lohr D, Sugahara K, et al. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of Japanese B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with clinical course. Leuk Lymphoma 2006;47:261–266.
  • Bentz M, Huck K, du Manoir S, et al. Comparative genomic hybridization in chronic B-cell leukemias shows a high incidence of chromosomal gains and losses. Blood 1995;85:3610–3618.
  • Chena C, Arrossagaray G, Scolnik M, et al. Interphase cytogenetic analysis in Argentinean B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: association of trisomy 12 and del (13q14). Cancer Genet Cytogenet 2003;146:154–160.
  • Kumaravel TS, Chendil D, Arif M, et al. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies on Indian patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Int J Hematol 1996;64:31–37.
  • Nair CN, Chougule A, Dhond S, et al. Trisomy 12 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia–geographical variation. Leuk Res 1998;22: 313–317.
  • Qui H, Xu W, Cao X, et al. Cytogenetic characterisation in Chinese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a prospective, multicenter study on 143 cases analysed with interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Leuk Lymphoma 2008;49:1887–1892.
  • Dyer MJ, Oscier DG. The configuration of the immunoglobulin genes in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2002;16:973–984.
  • Tam CS. The rare entity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Chinese patients: is it the same disease as in Western patients?Leuk Lymphoma 2008;49:1841–1842.
  • Hamblin TJ. Searching for surrogates for IGHV mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2011;35:1432–1435.
  • Majid A, Tsoulakis O, Walewska R, et al. BCL2 expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: lack of association with the BCL2 938A> C promoter single nucleotide polymorphism. Blood 2008;111:874–877.
  • Walewska R, Majid A, Davis Z, et al. Male preponderance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia utilizing IGHV 1-69. Leukemia 2007;21:2537–2538.
  • Fais F, Ghiotto F, Hashimoto S, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells express restricted sets of mutated and unmutated antigen receptors. J Clin Invest 1998;102:1515–1525.
  • Schroeder HW Jr, Dighiero G. The pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: analysis of the antibody repertoire. Immunol Today 1994;15:288–294.
  • Chen L, Zhang Y, Zheng W, et al. Distinctive IgVH gene segments usage and mutation status in Chinese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2008;32:1491–1498.
  • Kryachok I, Abramenko I, Bilous N, et al. IGHV gene rearrangements as outcome predictors for CLL patients: experience of Ukrainian group. Med Oncol 2012;29:1093–1101.
  • Tomomatsu J, Isobe Y, Oshimi K, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a Japanese population: varied immunophenotypic profile, distinctive usage of frequently mutated IGH gene, and indolent clinical behavior. Leuk Lymphoma 2010;51:2230–2239.
  • Ghia P, Stamatopoulos K, Belessi C, et al. Geographic patterns and pathogenetic implications of IGHV gene usage in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the lesson of the IGHV3-21 gene. Blood 2005;105:1678–1685.
  • Murray F, Darzentas N, Hadzidimitriou A, et al. Stereotyped patterns of somatic hypermutation in subsets of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for the role of antigen selection in leukemogenesis. Blood 2008;111:1524–1533.
  • Rosen A, Murray F, Evaldsson C, et al. Antigens in chronic lymphocytic leukemia–implications for cell origin and leukemogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2010;20:400–409.
  • Farsangi MH, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Sharifian RA, et al. Analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene expression in Iranian patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2007;48:109–116.
  • Nakamura N, Kuze T, Hashimoto Y, et al. Analysis of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene variable region of 101 cases with peripheral B cell neoplasms and B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the Japanese population. Pathol Int 1999;49:595–600.
  • Koiso H, Yamane A, Mitsui T, et al. Distinctive immunoglobulin VH gene usage in Japanese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 2006;30:272–276.
  • Thorselius M, Krober A, Murray F, et al. Strikingly homologous immunoglobulin gene rearrangements and poor outcome in VH3-21-using chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients independent of geographic origin and mutational status. Blood 2006;107: 2889–2894.
  • Tobin G, Thunberg U, Johnson A, et al. Somatically mutated Ig V(H)3-21 genes characterize a new subset of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2002;99:2262–2264.
  • Abramenko I, Bilous N, Kryachok I, et al. IGHV3-21 gene expression in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Ukraine. Exp Oncol 2007;29:226–230.
  • Marquez ME, Deglesne PA, Lopez JL, et al. Unexpectedly high frequency of European parentage in Venezuelan patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2011;53:235–241.
  • Klein U, Dalla-Favera R. New insights into the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Semin Cancer Biol 2010;20:377–383.
  • Ghia P, Rosenquist R, Davi F. Immunoglobulin gene analysis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Milan: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott & Wilkins; 2009.
  • Hamblin TJ, Davis Z, Gardiner A, et al. Unmutated Ig V(H) genes are associated with a more aggressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 1999;94:1848–1854.
  • Kostareli E, Hadzidimitriou A, Stavroyianni N, et al. Molecular evidence for EBV and CMV persistence in a subset of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia expressing stereotyped IGHV4-34 B-cell receptors. Leukemia 2009;23:919–924.
  • Stamatopoulos K, Belessi C, Moreno C, et al. Over 20% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia carry stereotyped receptors: pathogenetic implications and clinical correlations. Blood 2007;109:259–270.
  • Lech-Maranda E, Juszczynski P, Szmigielska-Kaplon A, et al. Human leukocyte antigens HLA DRB1 influence clinical outcome of chronic lymphocytic leukemia?Haematologica 2007;92:710–711.
  • Dorak MT, Machulla HK, Hentschel M, et al. Influence of the major histocompatibility complex on age at onset of chronic lymphoid leukaemia. Int J Cancer 1996;65:134–139.
  • Machulla HK, Muller LP, Schaaf A, et al. Association of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with specific alleles of the HLA-DR4:DR53:DQ8 haplotype in German patients. Int J Cancer 2001;92:203–207.
  • Cuttner J, Skerrett D, Rosina O, et al. Increased incidence of HLA antigen B35 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Res 1994;18:565–567.
  • Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Amirzargar AA, et al. Human leukocyte antigen class II allele association to disease progression in Iranian patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Hum Immunol 2008;69:666–674.
  • Di Bernardo MC, Crowther-Swanepoel D, Broderick P, et al. A genome-wide association study identifies six susceptibility loci for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Nat Genet 2008;40:1204–1210.
  • Lan Q, Au WY, Chanock S, et al. Genetic susceptibility for chronic lymphocytic leukemia among Chinese in Hong Kong. Eur J Haematol 2010;85:492–495.
  • Crowther-Swanepoel D, Houlston RS. The molecular basis of familial chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 2009;94: 606–609.
  • Wu SJ, Huang SY, Lin CT, et al. The incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Taiwan, 1986-2005: a distinct increasing trend with birth-cohort effect.Blood2010;116:4430–4435.
  • Dillon LW, Burrow AA, Wang YH. DNA instability at chromosomal fragile sites in cancer. Curr Genomics 2011;11:326–337.
  • Auer RL, Dighiero G, Goldin LR, et al. Trinucleotide repeat dynamic mutation identifying susceptibility in familial and sporadic chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2007;136:73–79.
  • Nancarrow JK, Holman K, Mangelsdorf M, et al. Molecular basis of p(CCG)n repeat instability at the FRA16A fragile site locus. Hum Mol Genet 1995;4:367–372.
  • Mukiibi JM, Paul B, Nyirenda CM, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) in Central Africans. Cent Afr J Med 2004;50: 111–115.
  • Pamuk ON, Pamuk GE, Soysal T, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Turkey: experience of a single center in Istanbul. South Med J 2004;97:240–245.
  • Shanafelt TD, Drake MT, Maurer MJ, et al. Vitamin D insufficiency and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2010;117: 1492–1498.
  • Adami J, Gridley G, Nyren O, et al. Sunlight and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a population-based cohort study in Sweden. Int J Cancer 1999;80:641–645.
  • Tsai HT, Cross AJ, Graubard BI, et al. Dietary factors and risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma: a pooled analysis of two prospective studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19:2680–2684.
  • Tamura K, Sawada H, Izumi Y, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is rare, but the proportion of T-CLL is high in Japan. Eur J Haematol 2001;67:152–157.
  • Finch SC, Hoshino T, Itoga T, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. Blood 1969;33:79–86.
  • Ahn YO, Koo HH, Park BJ, et al. Incidence estimation of leukemia among Koreans. J Korean Med Sci 1991;6:299–307.
  • Shamebo M. Leukaemia in adult Ethiopians. Ethiop Med J 1990;28:31–37.
  • Hansen NE, Karle H, Jensen OM. Trends in the incidence of leukemia in Denmark, 1943-77: an epidemiologic study of 14,000 patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 1983;71:697–701.
  • Shamebo M, Gebremedhin A. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in Ethiopians. East Afr Med J 1996;73:643–646.
  • Koffi KG, Nanho DC, Tolo A, et al. [Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Subsaharian Africa: clinical outcome experience of Cote d’Ivoire]. Bull Cancer 2009; 96:901–906.
  • Oloo AJ, Ogada TA. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL): clinical study at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). East Afr Med J 1984;61:797–801.
  • Nel T, Joubert G, van der Ryst E, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in the Bloemfontein academic hospitals. Cent Afr J Med 1998;44:195–199.
  • Zhang YP, Chen LJ, Xu W, et al. [Immunoglobulin variable heavy chain region genetic constitution and mutation status in Chinese patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2009;26:196–199.
  • Rassenti LZ, Kohsaka H, Kipps TJ. Analysis of immunoglobulin VH gene repertoire by an anchored PCR-ELISA. Ann NY Acad Sci 1995;764:463–473.
  • Widhopf GF 2nd,Rassenti LZ, Toy TL, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells of more than 1% of patients express virtually identical immunoglobulins. Blood 2004;104:2499–2504.
  • Sakai A, Marti GE, Caporaso N, et al. Analysis of expressed immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in familial B-CLL. Blood 2000;95:1413–1419.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.