References
- Tsukamoto H. Cytokine regulation of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis. Alcoho Clin Exp Res 1999;23:911–916.
- Thurman RG. Alcoholic liver injury involves activation of Kupffer cells by endotoxins. Am J Physiol 1998;275: G605–G611.
- Arteel GE. Oxidants and antioxidants in alcohol-induced liver disease. Gastroenterol 2003;124:778–790.
- Purohit VD, Russo Salin M. Role of iron in alcoholic liver disease: introduction and summary of the symposium. Alcohol 2003;30:93–99.
- Friedman SL. Molecular regulation of hepatic fibrosis: an integrated cellular response to tissue injury. J Biol Chem 2000;275:2247–2250.
- Rockey DC, Boyles JK, Gabbiani G, Friedman SL. Rat hepatic lipocytes express smooth muscle actin upon activation in vivo and in culture. J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol 1992;242:193–203.
- Gressner AM, Bachem MG. Molecular mechanism of liver fibrogenesis: a homage to the role of activated fat storing cells. Digestion 1995;56:335–346.
- Saile B, Matthes N, Knittel T, Ramadori G. Transforming growth factor β and tumour necrosis factor α inhibit both apoptosis and proliferation of activated rat hepatic stellate cells. Hepatol 1999;30:196–202.
- Reichel C, Sudhop T, Braun B, Kreuzer KA, Hahn C, Look MP, . Elevated soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor serum concentrations and short-term mortality in liver cirrhosis without acute infections. Digestion 2000;6:244–251.
- Inoue M. Protective mechanisms against reactive oxygen species, In: Arias IM, Boyer JL, Chisari FV, Fausto N, Schacter D, Shafritz DA, editors, The Liver: Biology and pathobiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. p. 282–290.
- Araki K, Fukase O, Yamamoto A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, Yamaguchi H. Relationship between serum lipid peroxide level (serum TBA level) and smoking, alcohol drinking, food frequency, serum vitamin C and E in subject with multiphasic screening. Jap J Public Health 1994;41:311–322.
- Lecomte E, Herbeth B, Pirollet P, Chancerelle Y, Arnaud J, Musse N. Effect of alcohol consumption on blood antioxidant nutrients and oxidative stress indicators. Am J Clin Nutr 1994;60:255–261.
- Suresh MV, Lal JJ, Ranjitkumar CV, Indira M. Impact of ascorbic acid supplementation on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in guinea pigs. Toxicol Lett 1999;104:221–229.
- Chakraborthy S, Nandi A, Mukhopadhyay M, Mukhopadhyay CK, Chatterjee IB. Ascorbate protects guinea pigs tissues against lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Biol Med 1994;16: 417–426.
- Subir KD, Vasudevan DM. Protective effect of silymarin, a milk thistle (Silybium marianum) derivative on ethanol induced oxidative stress in liver. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2006;43:306–311.
- Zahlten RN, Nejtek ME, Jacobson JC. Ethanol metabolism in guinea pig: ethanol oxidation and its effect on NAD/NADH ratios, oxygen consumption, and ketogenesis in isolated hepatocytes of fed and fasted animals. Arch Biochem Biophys 1982;13:200–223.
- Suresh MV, Lal JJ, Sreeranjitkumar CV, Indira M. Ascorbic acid metabolism in rats and guinea pigs after the administration of ethanol. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C 1999;124: 175–179.
- Sivaram AG, Suresh MV, Indira M. Combined effect of ascorbic acid and selenium supplementation on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in guinea pigs. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C 2003;134:397–401.
- Wooten IDP. Microanalysis in medical biochemistry. 4th ed. J & A Churchill Ltd: London; 1964. p 140.
- Szasz G. A kinetic photometric method for serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Clin Chem 1969;15:24–26.
- Ohkaw H, Ohisi N, Yagi K. Assay of lipid peroxide in animal tissue by TBA reaction. Anal Biochem 1979;95:351–358.
- Recknagel RO, Ghoshal AK. Quantitative estimation of peroxidative degeneration of rat liver microsomal and mitochondrial lipids after carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Exp Mol Pathol 1966;5:413–418.
- Levine RL, Garland D, Oliver CN. Determination of carbonyl content in oxidatively modified proteins. Methods Enzymol 1990;186:464–78.
- Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randell RJ. Protein measurement with the fall in phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1955;193:265–275.
- Chomczynski P, Sacchi N. Singlet-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem 1987;162:156–159.
- Grant BF, Dufour MC, Harford TC. Epidemiology of alcoholic liver disease. Semin Liver Dis 1988;8:12–25.
- World MJ, Ryle PR, Thomson AD. Alcoholic malnutrition and the small intestine. Alcohol Alcohol 1985;20:89–124.
- Nordmann R. Alcohol and antioxidant systems. Alcohol Alcohol 1994;29:513–522.
- Hageman JJ, Bast A, Vermeulen NP. Monitoring of oxidative free radical damage in vivo: analytical aspects. Chem Biol Interact 1992;82:243–293.
- Sies H, Stahl W, Sundquist AR. Antioxidant functions of vitamins: vitamins E and C, beta-carotene and other carotenoids. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992;669:7–20.
- Beutler B, Cerami A. Tumor necrosis, cachexia, shock, and inflammation: a common Mediator. Annu Rev Biochem 1988;57:505–518.
- Ni H, Chen X, Shi YH, Liao Y, Beg AA, Fan J, Yin XM. Genetic delineation of the pathways mediated by Bid and JNK in TNF alpha-induced liver injury in adult and embryonic mice. J Bio Chem 2009;284:4373–4382.
- Bataller R, Brenner DA. Liver fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2005; 115:209–218.
- Raucy JL, Lasker J, Ozaki K, Zoleta V. Regulation of CYP2E1 by ethanol and palmitic acid and CYP4A11 by clofibrate in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Toxico Sci 2004; 79:233–241.
- Matsumoto A, Kawamoto T, Horita M, Takahashi T, Isse T, Oyama T, Ichiba M. Single-dose ethanol administration down- regulates expression of cytochrome p450 2E1 mRNA in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 knockout mice. Alcohol 2007; 41:587–589.
- Tsutsumi M, Lasker JM, Takahashi T, Lieber CS. In vivo induction of hepatic P4502E1 by ethanol: role of increased enzyme synthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys 1993;304:209–218.
- Parola M, Robino G. Oxidative stress-related molecules and liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 2001;35:297–306.
- Caro AA, Cederbaum AI. Oxidative stress, toxicology and pharmacology of CYP2E1. Ann Review Pharmacol Toxicol 2004;44:27–42.
- Win KM, Charlotte F, Mallat A. Mitogenic effect of transforming growth factor-β1 on human Ito cells in culture: evidence for mediation by endogenous platelet- derived growth factor. Hepatology 1993;18:137–145.
- Bissell DM, Wang SS, Jarnagin WR, Roll FJ. Cell-specific expression of transforming growth factor-β in rat liver. J Clin Invest 1995;96:447–455.
- Hellerbrand C, Jobin C, Licato LL, Sartor RB, Brenner DA. Cytokines induce NF-kappaB in activated but not in quiescent rat hepatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol 1998;275: G269–G278.
- Reeves HL, Dack CL, Peak M, Burt AD, Day CP. Stress-activated protein kinases in the activation of rat hepatic stellate cells in culture. J Hepatol 2000;32:465–472.
- Tsai GE. Increased glutamatergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress after alcohol withdrawal. Am J Psychiatry 1998;155:726–732.
- Marotta F, Reizakovic H, Tajiri P, Safran GI. Abstinence- induced oxidative stress in moderate drinkers is improved by immun’Âge. Hepato-Gastroenterology 1997;44:1360–1366.