References
- Jurkovich GJ, Campbell D, Padrta BS, Luterman A. Paramedic perception of elapsed field time. J Trauma. 1987; 27:892–7.
- Norton RL, Bangs C. [Are paramedic estimated times of arrival for trauma patients accurate?] Unpublished data, 1987.
- U.S. Census Bureau: State and County QuickFacts, 2010. Retrieved from quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/41/41051.html
- Cummins RO, Chamberlain DA, Abramson NS, Allen M, Baskett P, Becket L, Bossaert L, Delooz H, Dick W, Eisenberg M, Evans T, Holmberg S, Kerber R, Mullie A, Ornate JP, Sandoe E, Skulberg A, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Swanson R, Theis WH. Recommended guidelines for uniform reporting of data from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: the Utstein style. Ann Emerg Med. 1991; 20:861–74.
- Batch Geo www.batchgeo.com/ Accessed August 17, 2012.
- Google Earth www.google.com/earth/index.html Accessed August, 17, 2012.
- Personal communication. National Weather Service Portland field office meteorologist.
- US Naval Observatory. Sun or moon rise/set table for one year. Retrieved from aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/RS_OneYear.php
- Google Maps API Developers Showcase. developers.google. com/maps/ Accessed August 17, 2012.
- Ott WE. GIS in EMS. J EMS. 2003; 28(7):89–91.
- Ott WE. Electronic and data management issues: global positioning system and EMS. J EMS. 2003; 28(8):94–7.
- Carr BG, Caplan JM, Prior JP, Branas CC. A meta-analysis of prehospital times for trauma. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2006; 10:198–206.
- Spaite DW, Valenzuela TD, Meislin HW, Criss EA, Hinsberg P. Prospective validation of a new model for evaluating emergency medical services systems by in-field observation of specific time intervals in prehospital care. Ann Emerg Med. 1993; 22(4):638–45.
- Lerner EB, Billittier AJ, Sikora J, Moscati R. Use of a geographic information system to determine appropriate means of trauma patient transport. Acad Emerg Med. 1999; 6(11):1127–33.
- Ong MEH, Chiam TF, Ng FSP, Reducing ambulance response times using geospatial time analysis of ambulance deployment. Acad Emerg Med. 2010; 17(9):951–7.
- Foo CPZ, Ahghari M, Macdonald RD. Use of geographic information systems to determine new helipad locations and improve timely response while mitigating risk of helicopter emergency medical services operations. Prehosp Emerg Car. 2010; 14:461–8.
- Peleg K, Pliskin J. A geographic information system simulation model of ems: reducing ambulance response time. Am J Emerg Med. 2004; 22:164–70.
- Doumouras AG, Haas B, Gomez D, The impact of distance on triage to trauma center care in an urban trauma system. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2012; 16(4):456–62.
- Peters J, Hall GB. Assessment of ambulance response performance using a geographic information system. Social Sci Med. 1999; 49:1551–66.
- Do YK, Foo K, Ng YY, Ong MEH. A quantile regression analysis of ambulance response time. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2013; 17(2):170–6.
- Gonzalez RP, Cummings GR, Mulekar MS, Harlan SM, Rodning CB. Improving rural emergency medical service response time with global positioning system navigation. J Trauma. 2009; 67(5):899–902.
- Ota FS, Muramatsu RS, Yoshida BH, Yamamoto LG, MD. GPS computer navigators to shorten ems response and transport times. Am J Emerg Med. 2001; 19:204–5.
- Jurkovich GJ, Campbell D, Padrta BS, Luterman A. Paramedic perception of elapsed field time. J Trauma. 1987; 27:892–7.
- Propp DA, Rosenberg CA. A comparison of prehospital and estimated time of arrival and actual time of arrival to an emergency department. Am J Emerg Med. 1991; 9(4):301–3.
- Hunt RC, Brown LH, Cabinum ES, Whitley TW, Prasad NH, Owens CF, Mayo CE. Is ambulance transport time with lights and siren faster than that without? Ann Emerg Med. 1995; 25:507–11.
- Brown LH, Whitney CL, Hunt RC, Addario M, Hogue T. Do warning lights and sirens reduce ambulance response times? Prehosp Emerg Care. 2000; 4:70–4.
- Ho J, Casey B. Time saved with use of emergency warning lights and sirens during response to requests for emergency medical aid in an urban environment. Ann Emerg Med. 1998; 32:585–8.
- Ho J, Lindquist M. Time saved with the use of emergency warning lights and sirens while responding to requests for emergency medical aid in a rural environment. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2001;5:159–62.
- Wang HE, Mann NC, Jacobson KE, National characteristics of emergency medical services responses in the United States. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2013;17(1):8–14.