Pathogenesis and Current Management of Gastro-oesophageal-reflux-related Asthma

References

• Bray GW. Recent advance in the treatment of asthma and hay fever. Practitioner 1934; 34: 368–371.
   Google Scholar
• Clemencon GH, Osterman PO. Hiatal hernia in bronchial asthma: the importance of concomitant pulmonary emphysema. Gastroenterologia 1961; 95: 110–120.
   Google Scholar
• Cunningham ET, Ravich WJ, Jones B, Donner MW. Vagal reflexes referred from the upper aerodigestive tract: an infrequently recognized cause of common cardiorespiratory responses. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116: 575–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davenport PW, Lee LY, Lee K, Yu LK, Miller R, Frazier DT. Effect of bronchoconstriction on the firing behavior of pulmonary stretch receptors. Respir Physiol 1981; 46: 295–307.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• DeMeester TR, Bonavina L, Albertucci M. Nissen fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Evaluation of primary repair in 100 consecutive patients. Ann Surg 1986; 204: 9–20.
   Google Scholar
• DeMeester TR, Bonavina L, Iascone C, Courtney JV, Skinner DB. Chronic respiratory symptoms and occult gatroesophageal reflux. Ann Surg 1990; 211: 337–345.
   Google Scholar
• DeMeester TR, Johnson LF, Bonavina L. Medical therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease as assessed by twenty-four hour esophageal pH monitoring. In Siewert JR, Holscher AH, eds. Diseases of the esophagus. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988: 1152–1162.
   Google Scholar
• Donnelly RJ, Berrisford RG, Jack CIA, Tran JA, Evans CC. Simultaneous tracheal and esophageal pH monitor-ing: investigating reflux-associated asthma. Ann Thorac Surg 1993; 56: 1029–1034.
   Google Scholar
• Ekstrom T, Lindgren BR, Tibbling L. Effects of ranitidine treatment on patients with asthma and a history of gastro-esophageal reflux: a double blind crossover study. Thorax 1989; 44: 19–23.
   Google Scholar
• Field SK, Underwood M, Brant R, Cowie RL. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in asthma. Chest 1996; 109: 316–322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gastal OL, Castell JA, Castell DO. Frequency and site of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with chest symptoms. Chest 1994; 106: 1793–1796.
   Google Scholar
• Hamamoto J, Kohrogi H, Iwagoe H, Fujii K, Hirata N, Ando M. Esophageal stimulation by hydrochloric acid causes neurogenic inflammation in the airways of guinea pigs. J Appl Physiol 1997; 82: 738–745.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding SM, Richter JE, Guzzo MR, Schan CA, Alexander RW, Bradley LA. Asthma and gastroesopha-geal reflux: acid suppressive therapy improves asthma outcome. Am J Med 1996; 100: 395–405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding SM, Richter JE. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma. Semin Gastrointest Dis 1992; 3: 139–150.
   Google Scholar
• Harding SM, Schan CA, Guzzo MR, Alexander RW, Bradley LA, Richter JE. Gastroesophageal reflux-induced bronchoconstriction. Is microaspiration a fac-tor? Chest 1995; 108: 1220–1227.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harper PC, Bergren A, Kaye MD. Anti-reflux treatment in asthma. Improvement in patients with associated gastroesophageal reflux. Ann Intern Med 1987; 147: 56–60.
   Google Scholar
• Herve P. Denjean A, Jian R, Simonneau G, Duroux P. Intraesophageal perfusion of acid increases the bronch-omotor response to metacholine and to isocapnic hyperventilation in asthmatic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 134: 986–989.
   Google Scholar
• Jack CIA, Calverley PMA, Donnelly RJ, et al. Simultaneous tracheal and oesophageal pH measure-ments in asthmatic patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux. Thorax 1995; 50: 201–204.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Johnson EW, Hagen JA, DeMeester TR, et al. Outcome of respiratory symptoms after antireflux surgery on patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Arch Surg 1996; 131:489–492.
   Google Scholar
• Kahrilas PJ, Rademaker AW. Omeprazole to treat asthma? Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 2245–2246.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy JH. Silent gastroesophageal reflux: an im-portant but little cause of pulmonary complications. Dis Chest 1962; 42: 42–45.
   Google Scholar
• Larrain A, Carrasco E, Galleguillos F, Sepulveda R, Pope CE. Medical and surgical treatment of nonallergic asthma associated with gastroesophageal reflux. Chest 1991; 99: 1330–1335.
   Google Scholar
• Laursen LS, Havelund T, Bondesen S, et al. Omeprazole in the long-term treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. A double-blind randomized dose-finding study. Scand J Gastroenterol 1995; 30: 839–846.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lodi U, Harding SM, Coghlan HC, Guzzo MR, Walker LH. Autonomic regulation in asthmatics with gastro-esophageal reflux. Chest 1997; 111: 65–70.
   Google Scholar
• Mansfield LE, Hameister HH, Spaulding MS, Smith NJ, Glab N. The role of the vagus nerve in airway narrowing caused by intra-esophageal hydrochloric acid provoca-tion and esophageal distention. Ann Allergy 1981; 47: 431–434.
   Google Scholar
• Mansfield LE, Stein MR. Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma: A possible reflex mechanism. Ann Allergy 1978; 41:224–226.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Meier JH, McNally PR, Punja M, et al. Does omeprazole (Prilosec) improve respiratory function in asthmatics with gastroesophageal reflux? A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Dig Dis Sci 1994; 39: 2127–2133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagel RA, Brown P, Perks WH, Wilson RSE, Kerr GD. Ambulatory pH monitoring of gastro-oesophageal reflux in 'morning dipper' asthmatics. B M J 1988; 297: 1371–1373.
   Google Scholar
• Osier WB. The principles and practice of medicine. 8th ed. New York: Appleton and Co, 1912: 628–631.
   Google Scholar
• Overholt RH, Ashraf MM. Esophageal reflux as trigger in asthma. NY State J Med 1966: 3030–3032.
   Google Scholar
• Pack A. Acid: a nocturnal bronchoconstrictor? Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 141: 1391–1392.
   Google Scholar
• Perrin-Fayolle M, Gormand F, Braillon G, et al. Long-term results of surgical treatment for gastroesophageal reflux in asthmatic patients. Chest 1989; 96: 40–45.
   Google Scholar
• Schan CA, Harding SM, Haile JM, Bradley LA, Richter JE. Gastroesophageal reflux-induced bronchoconstric-tion. An intraesophageal acid infusion study using state-of-the-art technology. Chest 1994; 106: 731–737.
   Google Scholar
• Schnatz PF, Castell JA, Castell DO. Pulmonary symptoms associated with gastroesophageal reflux: use of ambulatory pH monitoring to diagnose and to direct therapy. Am J Gastroenterol 1996; 91: 1715–1718.
   Google Scholar
• Simpson WG. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and asthma. Diagnosis and management. Arch Intern Med 1995; 155: 798–8.
   Google Scholar
• Sontag SJ, O'Connell S, Khandelwal S, et al. Antireflux surgery in asthmatics with reflux (GER) improves pulmonary symptoms and function. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: A128.
   Google Scholar
• Sontag SJ, O'Connell S, Khandelwal S, et al. Most asthmatics have gastroesophageal reflux with or without bronchodilator therapy. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 613–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sontag SJ, Schnell TG, Miller TQ, et al. Prevalence of oesophagitis in asthmatics. Gut 1992; 33: 872–876.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sontag SJ. Gastroesophageal reflux and asthma. Am J Med 1997; 103: 84–90.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spivak H, Smith CD, Phichith A, Galloway K, Waring JP, Hunter JG. Asthma and gastroesophageal reflux: Fundoplication decreases need for systemic corticoster-oids. J Gastrointest Surg. 1999; 3 (5): 477–482.
   Google Scholar
• Spivak H, Lelcuk S, Hunter JG. Laparoscopic surgery for the gastroesophageal junction. World J Surg 1999; 23: 356–367.
   Google Scholar
• Tuchman DN, Boyle JT, Pack AL, et al. Comparison of airway responses following tracheal or esophageal acidification in the cat. Gastroenterology 1984; 87: 872–881.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wright RA, Miller SA, Corsello BF. Acid-induced esophagobronchial-cardiac reflexes in humans. Gastro-enterology 1989; 99: 71–73.
   Google Scholar