Poverty transitions among families supporting a child with intellectual disabilityFootnote

*This manuscript was accepted under the Guest Editorship of Susan Parish.

References

• Aber, J. L., Ellwood, D. T. (2001). Thinking about children in time Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J. (Eds.), The dynamics of child poverty in industrialised countries (pp. 281– 300). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511522147.012
   Google Scholar
• Ackerman, B. P., Brown, E. D., Izard, C. E. (2004). The relations between persistent poverty and contextual risk and children's behavior in elementary school. Developmental Psychology, 40, 367– 377. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.40.3.367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adelman, L., Middleton, S., Ashworth, K., (2003). Britain's poorest children: Severe and persistent poverty and social exclusion. London, UK: Save the Children.
   Google Scholar
• Bane, M. J., Ellwood, D. T. (1986). Slipping into and out of poverty: The dynamics of spells. Journal of Human Resources, 21, 1– 23. doi: 10.2307/145955
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benzeval, M., Dilnot, A., Judge, K., Taylor, J., (2000). Income and health over the lifecourse: Evidence and policy implications Graham, H. (Eds.), Understanding health inequalities (pp. 96– 112). Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Berthoud, R., Bryan, M., Bardasi, E., (2004). The dynamics of deprivation: The relationship between income and material deprivation over time. London, UK: Department for Work and Pensions.
   Google Scholar
• Bolte, G., Tamburlini, G., Kohlhuber, M., (2010). Environmental inequalities among children in Europe—Evaluation of scientific evidence and policy implications. European Journal of Public Health, 20, 14– 20. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckp213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J., (2001a). Beyond the snapshot: A dynamic view of child poverty. In Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J. (Eds.), The dynamics of child poverty in industrialised countries (pp. 1– 24). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511522147.001
   Google Scholar
• Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J., (2001b). Conceptual and measurement issues. In Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J. (Eds.), The dynamics of child poverty in industrialised countries. pp. 27– 61. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511522147.002
   Google Scholar
• Bradbury, B., Jenkins, S. P., Micklewright, J. (Eds.). (2001c). The dynamics of child poverty in industrialised countries. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bradshaw, J. (Ed.). (2001). . Poverty: The outcomes for children. Occasional paper 26. London, UK: Family Policy Studies Centre.
   Google Scholar
• Braubach, M., Fairburn, J., (2010). Social inequities in environmental risks associated with housing and residential location—A review of evidence. European Journal of Public Health, 20, 36– 42. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckp221
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brooks-Gunn, J., Duncan, G. J. (1997). The effects of poverty on children. The Future of Children, 7 (2), 55– 71. doi: 10.2307/1602387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cabinet Office (2005). Improving the life chances of disabled people: Final report. London, UK: Prime Minister's Strategy Unit, Cabinet Office.
   Google Scholar
• Carers UK (2007). Real change, not short change: Time to deliver for carers. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, C., Caldwell, T., Power, C., Stansfield, S. A. (2010). Does the influence of childhood adversity on psychopathology persist across the lifecourse? A 45-year prospective epidemiologic study. Annals of Epidemiology, 20, 385– 394. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council for Disabled Children (2006). Parliamentary hearings on services for disabled children: Full report. London, UK: National Children's Bureau.
   Google Scholar
• Department for Education and Skills (2001). Special educational needs code of practice. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Department for Education and Skills (2003). Every child matters. London, UK: The Stationery Office.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Health (2008). Carers at the heart of 21st century families and communities: A caring system on your side, a life of your own. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Disability Rights Commission (2006). Ending child poverty: The disability dimension. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Disability Rights Commission (2007). Bringing an end to child poverty. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Dobson, B., Middleton, S., Beardsworth, A., (2001). The impact of childhood disability on family life. York, UK: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Duncan, G. J., Brooks-Gunn, J., (2000). Family poverty, welfare reform, and child development. Child Development, 71, 188– 196. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan, G. J., Brooks-Gunn, J., Klebanov, P. K. (1994). Economic deprivation and early childhood development. Child Development, 65, 296– 318. doi: 10.2307/1131385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan, G. J., Gustafsson, B., Hauser, R., Schmauss, G., Messinger, H., Muffels, R.…, Ray, J.-C., (1993). Poverty dynamics in eight countries. Journal of Population Economics, 6, 215– 234. doi: 10.1007/BF00163068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elwan, A., (1999). Poverty and disability: A survey of the literature (SP Discussion Paper No. 9932). Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Emerson, E., (2007). Poverty and people with intellectual disabilities. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 13, 107– 113. doi: 10.1002/mrdd.20144
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Emerson, E., (in press). . Household deprivation, neighbourhood deprivation, ethnicity and the prevalence of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health.
   Google Scholar
• Emerson, E., Hatton, C., (2007). The socio-economic circumstances of children at risk of disability in Britain. Disability & Society, 22, 563– 580. doi: 10.1080/09687590701560154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emerson, E., Hatton, C., (2009). Socioeconomic position, poverty, and family research. In Glidden, L. M., Seltzer, M. M. (Eds.), Families: International review of research on mental retardation. ( Vol. 37, pp. 97– 129). New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Emerson, E., Madden, R., Robertson, J., Graham, H., Hatton, C., Llewellyn, G., (2009). Intellectual and physical disability, social mobility, social inclusion & health (CeDR Research Report 2009:2). Lancaster, UK: Centre for Disability Research, Lancaster University.
   Google Scholar
• Emerson, E., McCulloch, A., Graham, H., Blacher, J., Llewellyn, G. M., Hatton, C., (2010). Socioeconomic circumstances and risk of psychiatric disorders among parents of children with early cognitive delay. American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 115, 30– 42. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-115.1.30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Every Disabled Child Matters (2008). Between a rock and a hard place. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Flaherty, J., Veit-Wilson, J., Dornan, P., (2004). Poverty: The facts 5th ed.. London, UK: Child Poverty Action Group.
   Google Scholar
• Fujiura, G. T., Rutkowski-Kmitta, V., (2001). Counting disability. In Albrecht, G. L., Seelman, K. D., Bury, M. (Eds.), Handbook of disabilities studies (pp. 69– 96). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Fujiura, G. T., Yamaki, K., (2000). Trends in demography of childhood poverty and disability. Exceptional Children, 66, 187– 199.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galobardes, B., Lynch, J. W., Davey Smith, G., (2008). Is the association between childhood socioeconomic circumstances and cause-specific mortality established? Update of a systematic review. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 62, 387– 390. doi: 10.1136/jech.2007.065508
   Google Scholar
• Gordon, D., Heslop, P., (1998). Poverty and disabled children. In Dorling, D., Simpson, L. (Eds.), Statistics in society: The arithmetic of politics (pp. 161– 171). London, UK: Arnold.
   Google Scholar
• Gordon, D., Parker, R., Loughran, F., Heslop, P., (2000). Disabled children in Britain: A re-analysis of the OPCS disability surveys. London, UK: The Stationery Office.
   Google Scholar
• Graham, H., (2007). Unequal lives: Health and socioeconomic inequalities. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Grantham-McGregor, S., Cheung, Y. B., Cueto, S., Glewwe, P., Richter, L., Strupp, B., & the International Child Development Steering Group (2007). Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries. Lancet, 369, 60– 70. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60032-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groce, N. E. (2003). Adolescents and youth with disability: Issues and challenges. Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Hatton, C., Emerson, E., Graham, H., Blacher, J., Llewellyn, G., (2010). Changes in family composition and marital status in families with a young child with cognitive delay. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23, 14– 26. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2009.00543.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Her Majesty's Treasury (2007). Aiming high for disabled children: Better support for families. London, UK: Her Majesty's Treasury and Department for Education and Skills.
   Google Scholar
• Hertzman, C., Boyce, T., (2010). How experience gets under the skin to create gradients in developmental health. Annual Review of Public Health, 31, 329– 347. doi: 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103538
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoxhallari, L., Conolly, A., Lyon, N., (2007). Families with children in Britain: Findings from the 2005 Families and Children Study (FACS) (Department for Work and Pensions Research Report No. 424). Leeds, UK: Corporate Document Services. Retrieved from http://statistics.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/rports2007-2008/rrep424.pdf
   Google Scholar
• IASSID Special Interest Research Group on Parents and Parenting with Intellectual Disabilities (2008). Parents labelled with intellectual disability: Position of the IASSID SIRG on parents and parenting with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 21, 296– 307. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2008.00435.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inclusion Europe (2006). Poverty and intellectual disability in Europe. Brussels, Belgium: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Inclusion International (2006). Hear our voices: A global report. People with an intellectual disability and their families speak out on poverty and exclusion. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Ingstad, B.,, Eide, A. (Eds.). (in press). Disability and poverty. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Irwin, L. G., Siddiqi, A., Hertzman, C., (2007). Early child development: A powerful equalizer. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins, S. P., Rigg, J. A., Devicienti, F., (2001). The dynamics of poverty in Britain (Department for Work and Pensions Research Report No. 157). London, UK: Department for Work and Pensions.
   Google Scholar
• Laursen, B., Nielsen, J. W. (2008). Influence of sociodemographic factors on the risk of unintentional childhood home injuries. European Journal of Public Health, 18, 366– 370.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonard, B., Brust, J., Sapienza, J. J. (1992). Financial and time costs to parents of severely disabled children. Public Health Reports, 107, 302– 312.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Leonard, H., Wen, X., (2002). The epidemiology of mental retardation: Challenges and opportunities in the new millennium. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 8, 117– 134. doi: 10.1002/mrdd.10031
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Linver, M. R., Brooks-Gunn, J., Kohen, D. E. (2002). Family processes as pathways from income to young children's development. Developmental Psychology, 38, 719– 734. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.38.5.719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lister, R., (2004). Poverty. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Loprest, P., Davidoff, A., (2004). How children with special health care needs affect the employment decisions of low-income parents. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 8, 171– 182. doi: 10.1023/B:MACI.0000037650.83572.81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch, J. W., Kaplan, G. A., Shema, S. J. (1997). Cumulative impact of sustained economic hardship on physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functioning. The New England Journal of Medicine, 337, 1889– 1895. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199712253372606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyon, N., Mangla, J., Tait, C., Scholes, S., (2007). Families and Children Study (FACS) 2005: Wave 7 technical report. London, UK: National Centre for Social Research.
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, K. A., Green, J. G., Gruber, M. J., Sampson, N. A., Zaslavsky, A. M., Kessler, R. C. (2010). Childhood adversities and adult psychopathology in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) III: Associations with functional impairment related to DSM-IV disorders. Psychological Medicine, 40, 847– 859. doi: 10.1017/S0033291709991115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLeod, J. D., Shanahan, M. J. (1996). Trajectories of poverty and children's mental health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37, 207– 220. doi: 10.2307/2137292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLoyd, V. C. (1998). Socioeconomic disadvantage and child development. American Psychologist, 53, 185– 204. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.53.2.185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McQuaid, R., Fuertes, V., Richard, A., (2010). How can parents escape from recurrent poverty?. York, UK: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Pantazis, C., Gordon, D., Levitas, R. (Eds.). (2006). Poverty and social exclusion in Britain: The millennium survey. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Parish, S. L., Rose, R. A., Grinstein-Weiss, M., Richman, E. L., Andrews, M. E. (2008). Material hardship in U.S. families raising children with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 75, 71– 92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parish, S. L., Seltzer, M. M., Greenburg, J. S., Floyd, F., (2004). Economic implications of caregiving at midlife: Comparing parents with and without children who have developmental disabilities. Mental Retardation, 42, 413– 426.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Petterson, S. M., Albers, A. B. (2001). Effects of poverty and maternal depression on early child development. Child Development, 72, 1794– 1813. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624.00379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porterfield, S. L. (2002). Work choices of mothers in families with children with disabilities. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64, 972– 981. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2002.00972.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roeleveld, N., Zielhuis, G. A., Gabreels, F., (1997). The prevalence of mental retardation: A critical review of recent literature. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 39, 125– 132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seccombe, K., (2007). Families in poverty. New York, NY: Allyn & Bacon.
   Google Scholar
• Shahtahmasebi, S., Emerson, E., Berridge, D., Lancaster, G., (in press). Child disability and the dynamics of family poverty, hardship and financial strain. Journal of Social Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Shaw, M., Galobardes, B., Lawlor, D. A., Lynch, J., Wheeler, B., Davey Smith, G., (2007). The handbook of inequality and socioeconomic position: Concepts and measures. Bristol, UK: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shonkoff, J. P., Boyce, W. T., McEwen, B. S. (2009). Neuroscience, molecular biology, and the childhood roots of health disparities: Building a new framework for health promotion and disease prevention. Journal of the American Medical Association, 301, 2252– 2259. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.754
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, J. R., Brooks-Gunn, J., Klebanov, P. K. (1997). Consequences of living in poverty for young children's cognitive and verbal ability and early school achievement. In Duncan, G. J., Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.), Consequences of growing up poor (pp. 132– 189). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• Smith, N., Middleton, S., (2007). A review of poverty dynamics research in the UK. York, UK: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
   Google Scholar
• The Marmot Review (2010). Fair society, healthy lives: Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010. London, UK: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Tibble, M., (2005). Review of existing research on the extra costs of disability (Department for Work and Pensions Working Paper No. 21). Leeds, UK: Corporate Document Services.
   Google Scholar
• Tossebro, J., Kittelsaa, A., (2004). Studying the living conditions of disabled people: Approaches and problems. In Tossebro, J., Kittelsaa, A. (Eds.), Exploring the living conditions of disabled people (pp. 17– 44). Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations (2006). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (Resolution No. A/RES/61/106). New York Author.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2005). The Surgeon General's call to action to improve the health and wellness of persons with disabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General.
   Google Scholar
• Walker, R., Ashworth, K., (1994). Poverty dynamics: Issues and examples. Aldershot, England: Avebury.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (2007). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY). Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (2008). Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Final report of the Commission on the Social Determinants of Health. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
   Google Scholar