References
- David E. Bloom, David Canning, Günther Fink. The Graying of global population and its macroeconomic consequences. October 2009 PGDA working paper no. 47. Available at: http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/pgda/working.htm.
- Morales A, Heaton JP, Carson CC 3rd. Andropause: A misnomer for a true clinical entity. J Urol 2000;163:705–712.
- Ferrini RL, Barrett-Connor E. Sex hormones and age: A cross-sectional study of testosterone and estradiol and their bioavailable fractions in community-dwelling men. Am J Epidemiol 1998;147:750–754.
- Harman SM, Metter EJ, Tobin JD, Pearson J, Blackman MR. Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Longitudinal effects of aging on serum total and free testosterone levels in healthy men. Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:724–731.
- Tajar A, Forti G, O’Neill TW, Lee DM, Silman AJ, Finn JD, Bartfai G, et al. EMAS Group. Characteristics of secondary, primary, and compensated hypogonadism in aging men: Evidence from the European Male ageing study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:1810–1818.
- Wu FC, Tajar A, Beynon JM, Pye SR, Silman AJ, Finn JD, O’Neill TW, et al. EMAS Group. Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men. N Engl J Med 2010;363:123–135.
- Arianayagam R, Arianayagam M, McGrath S, Rashid P. Androgen deficiency in the aging man. Aust Fam Physician 2010;39:752–755.
- Wang C, Nieschlag E, Swerdloff RS, Behre H, Hellstrom WJ, Gooren LJ, Kaufman JM, et al. ISA, ISSAM, EAU, EAA and ASA recommendations: Investigation, treatment and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males. Aging Male 2009;12:5–12.
- Morales A, Lunenfeld B. Standards, guidelines and recommendations of the International Society for the Study of the Aging Male (ISSAM). The Aging Male 2002;5:74–86.
- Vermeulen A, Verdonck L, Kaufman JM. A critical evaluation of simple methods for the estimation of free testosterone in serum. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999;84:3666–3672.
- Lunenfeld B, Morley JE, Schulman C, Wang C, Weidner W, Wu FC. Investigation, treatment and monitoring of lateonset hypogonadism in males: ISA, ISSAM, and EAU recommendations. Int J Androl 2005;28:125–127.
- Canguven O, Gurkan L, Horuz R, Albayrak S, Kadioglu A. Yaslanan erkek semptom sorgulama formu: Turkce gecerlilik calismasi (validity study for the Turkish version of symptom investigating form in aging males). Androloji Bulteni 2005;21:93–98.
- Heinemann LA, Saad F, Heinemann K, Thai DM. Can results of the aging Males’ symptoms (AMS) scale predict those of screening scales for androgen deficiency? Aging Male 2004;7:211–218.
- Gungen C, Ertan T. Standardize mini mental test’in Turk Toplumunda Hafif Demans Tanisinda Gecerlik ve Guvenilirligi (validity and reliability study on standardized mini mental test for the diagnosis of mild dementia in the Turkish Society). Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2002;13:273–281.
- Rosen RC, Riley A, Wagner G, Osterloh IH, Kirkpatrick J, Mishra A. The international index of erectile function (IIEF): A multidimensional scale for assessment of erectile dysfunction. Urology 1997;49:822–830.
- Khaw KT, Dowsett M, Folkerd E, Bingham S, Wareham N, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Endogenous testosterone and mortality due to all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men: European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) prospective population study. Circulation 2007;116:2694–2701.
- Rhoden EL, Morgentaler A. Risks of testosterone-replacement therapy and recommendations for monitoring. N Engl J Med 2004;350:482–492.
- Liverman CT, Blazer DG, Eds. Testosterone and aging. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academies Press; 2004.
- Kaufman JM, Vermeulen A. The decline of androgen levels in elderly men and its clinical and therapeutic implications. Endocr Rev 2005;26:833–876.
- Feldman HA, Longcope C, Derby CA, Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Coviello AD, Bremner WJ, McKinlay JB. Age trends in the level of serum testosterone and other hormones in middle-aged men: Longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:589–598.
- Wu FC. Commentary: Guideline for male testosterone therapy: A European perspective. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:418–419.
- Shames D, Gassman A, Handelsman H. Commentary: Guideline for male testosterone therapy: A regulatory perspective. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:414–415.
- Araujo AB, Esche GR, Kupelian V, O’Donnell AB, Travison TG, Williams RE, Clark RV, McKinlay JB. Prevalence of symptomatic androgen deficiency in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:4241–4247.
- Travison TG, Araujo AB, Wruck LM, Kupelian V, O’Donnell AB, McKinlay JB. Assessment of screening evaluations is not straightforward. Maturitas 2006;54:305–308.
- Handelsman DJ, Liu PY. Andropause: Invention, prevention, rejuvenation. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2005;16:39–45.
- Nieschlag E, Swerdloff R, Behre HM, Gooren LJ, Kaufman JM, Legros JJ, Lunenfeld B, et al. Investigation, treatment, and monitoring of late-onset hypogonadism in males: ISA, ISSAM, and EAU recommendations. J Androl 2006;27:135–137.
- Bhasin S, Cunningham GR, Hayes FJ, Matsumoto AM, Snyder PJ, Swerdloff RS, Montori VM. Testosterone therapy in adult men with androgen deficiency syndromes: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:1995–2010.
- Zitzmann M, Faber S, Nieschlag E. Association of specific symptoms and metabolic risks with serum testosterone in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:4335–4343.
- Travison TG, Araujo AB, Kupelian V, O’Donnell AB, McKinlay JB. The relative contributions of aging, health, and lifestyle factors to serum testosterone decline in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:549–555.
- Orwoll E, Lambert LC, Marshall LM, Phipps K, Blank J, Barrett-Connor E, Cauley J, et al. Testosterone and estradiol among older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:1336–1344.
- Moore C, Huebler D, Zimmermann T, Heinemann LA, Saad F, Thai DM. The aging Males’ symptoms scale (AMS) as outcome measure for treatment of androgen deficiency. Eur Urol 2004;46:80–87.
- T’Sjoen G, Goemaere S, De Meyere M, Kaufman JM. Perception of males’ aging symptoms, health and well-being in elderly community-dwelling men is not related to circulating androgen levels. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2004;29:201–214.
- Kapoor D, Clarke S, Channer KS, Jones TH. Erectile dysfunction is associated with low bioactive testosterone levels and visceral adiposity in men with type 2 diabetes. Int J Androl 2007;30:500–507.
- La Vignera S, Condorelli R, Vicari E, D’Agata R, Calogero A. Physical activity and erectile dysfunction in middle-aged men: A brief review. J Androl 2011. [ePub ahead of print].
- Kratzik CW, Schatzl G, Lunglmayr G, Rücklinger E, Huber J. The impact of age, body mass index and testosterone on erectile dysfunction. J Urol 2005;174:240–243.
- Isidori AM, Giannetta E, Gianfrilli D, Greco EA, Bonifacio V, Aversa A, Isidori A, et al. Effects of testosterone on sexual function in men: Results of a meta-analysis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005;63:381–394.
- Moffat SD, Zonderman AB, Metter EJ, Blackman MR, Harman SM, Resnick SM. Longitudinal assessment of serum free testosterone concentration predicts memory performance and cognitive status in elderly men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002;87:5001–5007.
- Janowsky JS, Chavez B, Orwoll E. Sex steroids modify working memory. J Cogn Neurosci 2000;12:407–414.