Physical activity and age at menopause: the Nord-Trøndelag population-based health study

References

• Mondul AM, Rodriguez C, Jacobs EJ, Calle EE. Age at natural menopause and cause-specific mortality. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 162:1089–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen BK, Heuch I, Kvåle G. Age at natural menopause and all-cause mortality: a 37-year follow-up of 19,731 Norwegian women. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:923–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lokkegaard E, Jovanovic Z, Heitmann BL, Keiding N, Ottesen B, Pedersen AT. The association between early menopause and risk of ischaemic heart disease: influence of hormone therapy. Maturitas 2006;53:226–233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsmo S, Schei B, Langhammer A, Forsen L. How do reproductive and lifestyle factors influence bone density in distal and ultradistal radius of early postmenopausal women? The Nord-Trøndelag Health Survey, Norway. Osteoporos Int 2001;12:222–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lisabeth LD, Beiser AS, Brown DL, Murabito JM, Kelly-Hayes M, Wolf PA. Age at natural menopause and risk of ischemic stroke: the Framingham Heart Study. Stroke 2009;40:1044–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen BK, Heuch I, Kvale G. Age at natural menopause and stroke mortality: cohort study with 3561 stroke deaths during 37-year follow-up. Stroke 2004;35:1548–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beral V. Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: Collaborative reanalysis of data from 51 epidemiological studies of 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 women without breast cancer. Lancet 1997;350:1047–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karageorgi S, Hankinson SE, Kraft P, De Vivo I. Reproductive factors and postmenopausal hormone use in relation to endometrial cancer risk in the Nurses’ Health Study cohort 1976–2004. Int J Cancer 2010;126:208–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McPherson CP, Sellers TA, Potter JD, Bostick RM, Folsom AR. Reproductive factors and risk of endometrial cancer. The Iowa Women’s Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:1195–202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorjgochoo T, Kallianpur A, Gao YT, . Dietary and lifestyle predictors of age at natural menopause and reproductive span in the Shanghai Women’s Health Study. Menopause 2008;15: 924–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parente RC, Faerstein E, Celeste RK, Werneck GL. The relationship between smoking and age at the menopause: a systematic review. Maturitas 2008;61:287–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cassou B, Mandereau L, Aegerter P, Touranchet A, Derriennic F. Work-related factors associated with age at natural menopause in a generation of French gainfully employed women. Am J Epidemiol 2007;166:429–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gold EB, Bromberger J, Crawford S, . Factors associated with age at natural menopause in a multiethnic sample of midlife women. Am J Epidemiol 2001;153:865–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hardy R, Mishra GD, Kuh D. Body mass index trajectories and age at menopause in a British birth cohort. Maturitas 2008; 59:304–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato I, Toniolo P, Akhmedkhanov A, Koenig KL, Shore R, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte A. Prospective study of factors influencing the onset of natural menopause. J Clin Epidemiol 1998;51: 1271–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bromberger JT, Matthews KA, Kuller LH, Wing RR, Meilahn EN, Plantinga P. Prospective study of the determinants of age at menopause. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:124–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanford JL, Hartge P, Brinton LA, Hoover RN, Brookmeyer R. Factors influencing the age at natural menopause. J Chron Dis 1987;40:995–1002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ 2006;174:801–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blair SN, Cheng Y, Holder JS. Is physical activity or physical fitness more important in defining health benefits? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001;33:S379–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouchard C, Blair SN. Introductory comments for the consensus on physical activity and obesity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999;31: S498–501
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagel G, Altenburg HP, Nieters A, Boffetta P, Linseisen J. Reproductive and dietary determinants of the age at menopause in EPIC-Heidelberg. Maturitas 2005;52:337–47
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keizer H, Rogol A. Physical exercise and menstrual cycle alterations. What are the mechanisms? Sports Med 1990;10:218–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risch HA. Hormonal etiology of epithelial ovarian cancer, with a hypothesis concerning the role of androgens and progesterone. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:1774–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellison PT, Panter-Brick C, Lipson SF, O’Rourke M. The ecological context of human ovarian function. Hum Reprod 1993;8: 2248–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gudmundsdottir S, Flanders W, Augestad L. Physical activity and fertility in women: the North-Trøndelag Health Study. Hum Reprod 2009;24:3196–204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graff-Iversen S, Anderssen SA, Holme IM, Jenum AK, Raastad T. Two short questionnaires on leisure-time physical activity compared with serum lipids, anthropometric measurements and aerobic power in a suburban population from Oslo, Norway. Eur J Epidemiol 2008;23:167–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grambsch PM, Therneau TM. Proportional hazards tests and diagnostics based on weighted residuals. Biometrika 1994;81: 515–26
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Godin G, Bélanger-Gravel A, Nolin B. Mechanism by which BMI influences leisure-time physical activity behavior. Obesity 2008;16.1314–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Souza MJ, Toombs RJ, Scheid JL, O’Donnell E, West SL, Williams NI. High prevalence of subtle and severe menstrual disturbances in exercising women: confirmation using daily hormone measures. Hum Reprod 2010;25:491–503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olive DL. Exercise and fertility: an update. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2010;22:259–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgopoulos NA, Roupas ND, Theodoropoulou A, Tsekouras A, Vagenakis AG, Markou KB. The influence of intensive physical training on growth and pubertal development in athletes. Ann NY Acad Sci 2010;1205:39–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weissgerber T, Wolfe L, Davies G, Mottola M. Exercise in the prevention and treatment of maternal fetal disease: a review of the literature. Appl Physiol Nutr Metabol 2006;31:661–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mishra G, Hardy R, Kuh D. Are the effects of risk factors for timing of menopause modified by age? Results from a British birth cohort study. Menopause 2007;14:717–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Asselt KM, Kok HS, van der Schouw YT, . Current smoking at menopause rather than duration determines the onset of natural menopause. Epidemiology 2004;15:634–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikkelsen T, Graff-Iversen S, Sundby J, Bjertness E. Early menopause, association with tobacco smoking, coffee consumption and other lifestyle factors: a cross-sectional study. BMC Publ Health 2007;7:149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bertone-Johnson ER, Tworoger SS, Hankinson SE. Recreational physical activity and steroid hormone levels in postmenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 2009;170:1095–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gudmundsdottir SL, Flanders WD, Augestad LB. A longitudinal study of physical activity and menstrual cycle characteristics in healthy Norwegian women – The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study. Norwegian J Epidemiol 2011;20:163–71
   Google Scholar
• Tou JCL, Grindeland RE, Wade CE. Effects of diet and exposure to hindlimb suspension on estrous cycling in Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004;286: E425–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tworoger S, Missmer S, Eliassen A, Barbieri R, Dowsett M, Hankinson S. Physical activity and inactivity in relation to sex hormone, prolactin, and insulin-like growth factor concentrations in premenopausal women. Cancer Causes Control 2007; 18:743–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhees L, Lefevre J, Philippaerts R, . How to assess physical activity? How to assess physical fitness? J Cardiovasc Risk 2005;12:102–14
   Google Scholar
• Shephard RJ. Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires. Br J Sports Med 2003;37:197–206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar