Polypharmacy in the elderly -a literature review

References

• Hekster YA, Lau HS, Leufkens H GM, Bakker A, Gribnau F WJ. Geneesmiddelengebruik bij ouderen in relatie tot ziekenhuisopname. Pharm Weekbl 1993; 128: 1501–5
   Google Scholar
• Landahl S. Drug treatment in 70–82 year-old persons: a longitudinal study. Acta Med Scandin 1987; 221: 179–84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Passmore AP, Crawford V LS, Beringer T RO, Gilmore DH, Montgomery A. Determinants of drug utilization in an elderly population in North and West Belfast. Pharmacoepidemiol and Drug Safety 1995; 4: 147–60
   Google Scholar
• Herings R MC, Heerdink ER, Bakker A. Ouderen en gecombineerd gebruik van geneesmiddelen. Pharm Weekbl 1993; 128: 1498–500
   Google Scholar
• Drugs for the elderly. Copenhagen. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. 1985
   Google Scholar
• Graveley EA, Oseasohn CS. Multiple Drug Regimens: Medication Compliance among veterans 65 and older. Research in nursing and health 1991; 14: 51–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Montamat SC, Cusack B. Overcoming problems with polyfarmacy and drug misuse in the elderly. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine 1992; 8: 143–58
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klein LE, German PS, Levine DM, Feroli R, Afdery J. Medication problems among outpatients. A study with emphasis on the elderly. Arch Intern Med 1984; 144: 1185–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beers MH, Ouslander JG. Risk factors in geriatric drug prescribing; a practical guide to avoiding problems. Drugs 1989; 37: 105–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrader SL, Dressing B, Blue R, Jensen G, Miller D, Zawada ET. The Medication Reduction Project: Combating polypharmacy in South Dakota elders through community-based interventions. S D J Med 1996; 49(12)441–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kruse W, Rampmaier J, Frauenrath-Volkers C, et al. Drug prescribing patterns in old age. A study of the impact of hospitalization on drug prescriptions and follow-up survey in 75 years and older. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 41: 441–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gezondheidsraad: Commissie Gerontofarmacotherapie. Geneesmiddelen en ouderen. Gezondheidsraad, Den Haag 1994, publicatie nr 1994/29
   Google Scholar
• Isacson D, Smedby B. Defining heavy use of prescription drugs. A methodological study. Med Care 1988; 26: 1103–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadigan DA, Magaziner J, Fedder DO. Polymedicine use among community resident older women: how much of a problem. Am J Publ Health 1989; 79: 1537–40
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Darnell JC, Murray MD, Martz BL, et al. Medication use by ambulatory elderly: an inhome survey. J Am Geriatr Soc 1986; 34: 1–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hale WE, May FE, Marks RG, et al. Drug use in an ambulatory elderly population: a five year update. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1987; 21: 530–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanlon JT, Fillenbaum GG, Burchett B, et al. Drug use patterns among black and nonblack community-dwelling elderly. Ann Pharmacother 1992; 26: 679–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helling DK, Lemke JH, Semla TP, et al. Medication use characteristics in the elderly: the Iowa 65 rural health study. J Am Geriatric Soc 1987; 35: 4–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laukkanen P, Heikkinen E, Kauppinin M, et al. Use of drugs by non-institutionalized urban Finns born in 1904–1923 and the association of drug use with mood and self-rated health. Age Ageing 1992; 21: 343–52
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Psaty BM, Lee M, Savage PJ, Rutan GH, German PS, Lyles M. Assessing the use of medications in the elderly: methods and initial experience in the cardiovascular study. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45(6)683–92
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cartwright A. Collecting data about drug use by elderly people. Pharm Weekbl (Sci) 1990; 12(2)60–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stewart RB, Moore MT, May FE, Marks RG, Hale WE. A longitudinal evaluation of drug use in an ambulatory elderly population. J Clin Epidemiol 1991; 44(12)1353–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rumble RH, Morgan K. Longitudinal trends in prescribing for elderly patients: two surveys four years apart. Br J Gen Pract 1994; 44: 571–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jylha M. Ten-year change in the use of medical drugs among the elderly - A longitudinal study and cohort comparison. J Clin Epidemiol 1994; 47(l)69–79
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stewart RB, Moore MT, May FE, Marks RG, Hale WE. Changing patterns of therapeutic agents in the elderly:a ten year overview. Age Ageing 1991; 20: 182–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spagnoli A, Ostino G, Borga AD, D'ambrosia R, Maggiorotti P, Todisco E, et al. Drug compliance and unreported drugs in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989; 37: 619–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrischilles EA, Foley DJ, Wallace RB, Lemke JH, Semla TP, Hanlom JT, et al. Use of medications by persons 65 and over: Data from the established populations for epidemiologic studies of the elderly. J Gerontol 1992; 47(5)137–44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bernstein LR, Folkman S, Lazarus R. Characterization of the use and misuse of medications by an elderly, ambulatory population. Med Care 1989; 27: 654–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ostrom JR, Hammarlund ER, Christensen DB, Plein JB, Kethley AJ. Medication usage in an elderly population. Med Care 1985; 23: 157–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delafuente JC, Meuleman JR, Conlin M, Hoffman NB, Lowenthal DT. Drug use among functionaly active, aged, ambulatory people. Ann Pharmacother 1992; 26: 179–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson RE, Vollmer WM. Comparing sources of drug data about the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991; 39: 1079–84
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bloom JA, Frank JW, Shafir MS, Martiquet P. Potentially undesirable prescribing and drug use among the elderly. Can Yam Physic 1993; 39: 2337–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fillenbaum GG, Hanlon JT, Corder EH, Ziqubu-Page T, Wall WE, Brock D. Prescription and nonprescription drug use among black and white community-residing elderly. Am J Public Health 1993; 83: 1577–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallsten SM, Sullivan RJ, Hanlon JT, Blazer DG, Tyrey MJ, Westlund R. Medication taking behaviors in the high- and low-functioning elderly: MacArthur field studies of succesful aging. Ann Pharmacother 1995; 29: 359–64
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hershman DL, Simonoff PA, Frishman WH, Paston F, Aronson MK. Drug utilization in the old and how it relates to self-perceived health and all-cause mortality: results from the Bronx aging study. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995; 43: 356–60
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stoller EP. Prescribed and over-the-counter medicine use by the ambulatory elderly. Med Care 1988; 26: 1149–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrible SJ, Hogan DB. Medication use and rural seniors. Who really knows they are taking. Can Fam Physician 1997; 43: 77–85
   Google Scholar
• Nobili A, Tettamanti M, Frattura L, Spagnoli A, Ferraro L, Mar-Razzo E, et al. Drug use by the elderly in Italy. Ann Pharmacother 1997; 31: 416–22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fillenbaum GG, Horner RD, Hanlon JT, Landerman LR, Dawson DV, Cohen HJ. Factors predicting change in prescription and non-prescription drug use in a community-residing black and white elderly population. J Clin Epidemiol 1996; 49(5)587–93
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lassila HC, Stoehr GP, Ganguli M, Seaberg EC, Gilby JE, Belle SH, et al. Use of prescription medications in an elderly rural population: the MoVIES Project. Ann Pharmacother 1996; 30(6)589–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill K, Hermans J, Vermeij P. Polyfarmacie bij verzorgings- en verpleegbehoeftige ouderen en mogelijkheden voor vermindering. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1996; 140(20)1076–80
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Weedle PB, Poston JW, Parish PA. Drug prescribing in residential homes for elderly people in the United Kingdom. DICP, Ann Pharmacotherapy 1990; 24: 533–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andersson M. Drugs prescribed for elderly patients in nursing homes or under medical home care. Compr Gerontol 1989; 3: 8–15
   Google Scholar
• Rice PA, Jensen M, Lyons M, Murphy MF. Medications in well and institutionalized elders. Geriatr Nurs 1994; 15: 216–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Merkus J WFM. Het geneesmiddelengebruik in drie verpleeghuizen voor lichamelijk zieken. T Gerontol Geriatr 1985; 16: 87–95
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nolan L, O'malley K. The need for more rational approach to drug prescribing for elderly people in nursing homes. Age Ageing 1989; 18: 52–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tamai IY, Strome S, Marshall CE, Mooradian AD. Analysis of drug-drug interactions among nursing home residents. Am J Hosp Pharm 1989; 46: 1567–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vander Stichele RH, Mestdagh J, Van Haecht CH, De Potter B, Bo-Gaert MG. Medication utilization and patient information in homes for the aged. EurJ Clin Pharmacol 1992; 43: 319–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Fingold SF, Morgenstern H, Reuben DB, Rogers W, et al. Inappropriate medication prescribing in skilled-nursing facilities. Ann Intern Medic 1992; 117: 684–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wayne SJ, Rhyne RL, Stratton M. Longitudinal prescribing patterns in a nursing home population. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 40: 53–6
   Google Scholar
• Laucka PV, Hoffman NB. Decreasing medication use in a nursing home. Am J Hosp Pharm 1992; 49: 96–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koecheler Schneider J, Mion LC, Frengley JD. Adverse drug reactions in an elderly outpatient population. Am J Hosp Pharm 1992; 49: 90–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adams K RH, Al-Hamouz S, Edmund E, Tallis RC, Vellodi C, Lye M. Inappropriate prescribing in the elderly. J Roy Coll Phys London 1987; 21: 39–41
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Manojlovic Z, Vrhovac B, Manojlovic S. Qualitative analysis of drug prescription in a geriatric population sample. Int J Clin Pharm Ther Toxic 1993; 31: 430–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Laposky DW, Brechtelsbauer DA. Drug prescribing in the elderly. South Dak J Med 1988; 41(10)13–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Costa AJ. Potential drug interactions in an ambulatory geriatric population. Fam Pract 1991; 8(3)234–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilchrist WJ, Lee YC, Tam HC, Macdonald JB, Williams BO. Prospective study of drug reporting by general practitioners for an elderly population referred to a geriatric service. Br Med J 1987; 294: 289–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsu RY, Lin MS, Chou MH, Lin MF. Medication use characteristics in an ambulatory elderly population in Taiwan. Ann Pharmacother 1997; 31(3)308–14
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freer CB. Study of medicine prescribing for elderly patients. Br Med J 1985; 290: 1113–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gosney M, Tallis R, Edmond E. Inappropriate prescribing in part III residential homes. Health Trends 1989; 21: 129–31
   Google Scholar
• Bange R, Brandwijk K. Geneesmiddelen bij ouderen: mag het ook iets minder zijn? [Drugs in the elderly: can it be less. In Dutch. J Huisarts Wet 1990; 33: 426–8
   Google Scholar
• Kurfees JF, Dotson RL. Drug interactions in the elderly. J Fam Pract 1987; 25(5)477–88
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jörgensen TM, Isacson D GL, Thorslund M. Prescription drug use among ambulatory elderly in a Swedish municipality. Ann Pharmacother 1993; 27: 1120–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skoll SL, August RJ, Johnson GE. Drug prescribing for the elderly in Saskatchewan during 1976. Can Med Ass J 1979; 121: 1074–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sitar DS, Boëthius G, Bergman U, Mitenko PA. Prescribing patterns for elderly community-dwelling heavy medicinal drug users in Manitoba, Canada and Jämtland, Sweden. J Clin Epidemiol 1995; 48(6)825–31
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anderson G, Kerluke K. Distribution of prescription drug exposures in the elderly: description and implications. J Clin Epidemiol 1996; 49(8)929–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bergendal L, Friberg A, Schaffrath AM. Potential drug-drug interactions in 5125 mostly elderly outpatients in Gothenburg, Sweden. Pharm World Sci 1995; 17(5)152–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Knapp DA, Knapp DA, Wiser TH, Michoki RJ, Nuessle SJ, Knapp WK. Drug prescribing for ambulatory patients 85 years of age and older. J Am Geriatr Soc 1984; 32: 138–43
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grymonpre RE, Sitar DS, Montgomery PR, Mitenko PA, Aoki FY. Prescribing patterns for the older heavy users living in the community. DICP Ann Pharmacother 1991; 25: 186–90
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heerdink ER, Leufkens HG. Compressie en clustering van geneesmiddelengebruik bij ouderen. Pharm Weekbl 1993; 128: 1492–7
   Google Scholar
• Herings R MC. Patterns of long term drug use in The Netherlands. Drug consumption in The Netherlands, A Bakker, YA Hekster, H GM Leufkens. Amsterdam Medical Press, Noordwijk 1991; Vol.1
   Google Scholar
• Brawn LA, Castleden CM. Adverse drug reactions. An overview of special considerations in the management of the elderly patient. Drug Safety 1990; 5(6)421–35
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heerdink ER. Clustering of drug use in the elderly. Population based studies into prevalence and outcomes. University Utrecht. 1995, Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Williams P, Rush DR. Geriatric Polypharmacy. Hosp Practice 1986, February: 109–20
   Google Scholar
• Sharpe TR, Smith MC, Barbre AR. Medicine use among the rural elderly. J Health Soc Behav 1985; 26: 113–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simons LA, Tett S, Simons J, Lauchlan R, McCallum J, Friedlan-Der Y, et al. Multiple medication use in the elderly. Use of prescription and non-prescription drugs in an Australian community setting. Med J Aust 1992; 157: 242–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woo J, Ho SC, Yuen YK, Lau J. Drug use in an elderly Chinese population: prevalence and associated factors. Gerontol 1995; 41: 98–108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson RE, Pope CR. Nonprescription drug use among the elderly. Am J Prev Med 1985; l(3)41–6
   Google Scholar
• Walker J, Wynne H. Review: The frequency and severity of adverse drug reactions in elderly people. Age Ageing 1994; 23: 255–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colt HG, Shapiro AP. Drug-induced illness as a cause for admission to a community hospital. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989; 37: 323–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grymonpre RE, Mitenko PA, Sitar DS, Aoki FY, Montgomery PR. Drug-associated hospital admissions in older medical patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1988; 36: 1092–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallas J, Worm J, Beck-Nielsen J, Gram LF, Grodum E, Damsbo N, et al. Drug related events and drug utilization in patients admitted to a geriatric hospital department. Dan Med Bull 1991; 38: 417–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williamson J, Chopin JM. Adverse reactions to prescribed drugs in the elderly: a multicentre investigation. Age Ageing 1980; 9: 73–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolan L, O'malleyk. Adverse drug reactions in the elderly. Br J Hosp Med 1989n; 41: 452–7
   Google Scholar
• Shimp LA, Ascione FJ, Glazer HM, Atwood BF. Potential medication-related problems in noninstitutionalized elderly. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1985; 19: 766–72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanlon JT, Schmader KE, Koronkowski MJ, Weinberger M, Landsman PB, Samsa GP, et al. Adverse drug events in high risk older patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1997; 45: 945–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carbonin P, Pahor M, Bernabei R, Sgadari A. Is age an independent risk factor of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized medical patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991; 39: 1093–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chrischilles EA, Segar ET, Wallace RB. Self-reported adverse drug reactions and related resource use. A study of community-dwelling persons 65 years of age and older. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 634–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurwitz JH, Avorn J. The ambiguous relation between aging and adverse drug reactions. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 956–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurwitz JH, Avorn J. Old age. Is it a risk for adverse drug reactions. Agents Actions Supplement 1990; 29: 13–25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larson EB, Kukull WA, Buchner D, Reifler BV. Adverse drug reactions associated with global cognitive impairment in elderly persons. Ann Intern Med 1987; 107: 169–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jankel CA, Speedie SM. Detecting drug interactions: A review of the literature. Ann Pharmacotber 1990; 24: 982–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamy PP. The elderly and drug interactions. J Am GeriatrSoc 1986; 34: 586–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergendal L, Friberg A, Schaffrath AM. Potential drug-drug interactions in 5125 mostly elderly outpatients in Gothenburg, Sweden. Pharm World Sci 1995; 17(5)152–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jankel CA, Fitterman LK. Epidemiology of drug-drug interactions as a cause of hospital admissions. Drug Safety 1993; 9(l)51–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Col N, Fanale JE, Kronholm P. The role of medication noncompliance and adverse drug reactions in hospitalizations of the elderly. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150: 841–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hutchinson TA, Flegel KM, Kramer MS, Leduc DG, Ho Ping Kong H. Frequency, severity and risk factors for adverse drug reactions in adult outpatients: a prospective study. J Chron Dis 1986; 39(7)533–42
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Willcox SM, Himmelstein DU, Woolhandler S. Inappropriate drug prescribing for the community-dwelling elderly. JAMA 1994; 272: 292–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stuck AE, Beers MH, Steiner A, Aronow HU, Rubinstein LZ, Beck JC. Inappropriate medication use in community-residing older persons. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 2195–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plushner S, Helling DK. Identifying inappropriate prescribing in the elderly, time to refocus. Ann Pharmacother 1996; 30: 81–3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McLeod PJ, Huang AR, Tamblyn RM, Gayton DC. Defining inappropriate practices in prescribing for elderly people: a national consensus panel. Can Med Assoc J 1999; 156: 385–91
   Google Scholar
• Kroenke K LTC, Pinholt EM. Reducing polypharmacy in the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38: 31–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stewart RB. Polypharmacy in the elderly: A fait accompli. DICP Ann Pharmacother 1990; 24: 321–3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Green DM. Pre-existing conditions, placebo reactions and side effects. Ann Intern Med 1964; 60: 255–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamblyn RM, McLeod PJ, Abrahamowicz M, Monette J, Gayton DC, Berkson L, et al. Questionable prescribing for elderly patients in Quebec. Can Med Assoc J 1994; 150(11)1802–9
   Google Scholar