References
- Akah P, Okogun J, Ekpendu T. (1993). Anti-oedema analgesic actions of Diodia scandems extract in rats and in mice. Psychother Res 7:319–27
- Akdemir Z, Zahraman C, Tatli I, et al. (2011). Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and wound healer glycosides from the flowers of Verbascum mucronatum Lam. J Ethnopharmacol 136:436–43
- Crunkhorn P, Meacock S. (1971). Mediators of the inflammation induced in the rat paw by carrageenin. Br J Pharmacol 42:392–402
- European Medicines Agency (EMEA) (2009). Assessment report on Verbascum thapsus L, V. densiflorum Bertol, V. phlomoides L. flos with traditional use, EMEA [Online]. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jspcurl=pages/medicines/herbal/medicines/herbal_med_000002.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001fa1d [last accessed 11 Jun 2012]
- Georgiev M, Alipieva K, Orhan I, et al. (2011). Antioxidant and cholinesterases inhibitory activities of Verbascum xanthophoeniceum Griseb. and its phenylethanoid glycosides. Food Chem 128:100–5
- Georgiev M, Lulli D, Alipieva K, et al. (2012). Verbascum xanthophoeniceum-derived phenylethanoid glycosides are potent inhibitors of inflammatory chemokines in dormant and interferon-gamma-stimulated human keratinocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 14:754–60
- Gvazava N, Kikoladze V. (2012). Orobanchoside and flavonoids from Verbascum phlomoides and V. densiflorum. Chem Nat Comp 47:991–2
- Javanmardi J, Stushnoff C, Locke E, Vivanco JM. (2003). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Iranian Ocimum accessions. Food Chem 83:547–50
- Klimek B. (1996). Hydroxycinnamoyl ester glycosides and saponins from flowers of Verbascum phlomoides. Phytochemistry 43:1281–4
- Klimek B, Olszewska MA, Tokar M. (2010). Simultaneous determination of flavonoids and phenylethanoids in the flowers of Verbascum densiflorum and V. phlomoides by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal 21:150–6
- Kupeli E, Tatli I, Akdemir Z, Yesilada E. (2007). Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive glycoterpenoids from the flowers of Verbascum lasianthum Boiss. ex Bentham. J Ethnopharmacol 110:444–50
- Recio M, Giner R, Máñez S, Ríos J. (1994). Structural considerations on the iridoids as anti-inflammatory agents. Planta Med 60:232–4
- Schapoval E, Winter de Vargas M, Chaves C, et al. (1998). Antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities of extracts and isolated compounds from Stachytarpheta cayennensis. J Ethnopharmacol 60:53–9
- Speranza L, Franceschelli S, Pesce M, et al. (2010). Antiinflammatory effects in THP-1 cells treated with verbascoside. Phytother Res 24:1398–404
- Suntar I, Tatli I, Kupeli E, et al. (2010). An ethnopharmacological study on Verbascum species: From conventional wound healing use to scientific verification. J Ethnopharmacol 132:408–13
- Tatli I, Akdemir Z. (2004). Chemical constituents of Verbascum L. species. J Pharm Sci 29:93–107
- Tatli I, Akdemir Z, Yesilada E, Kupeli E. (2008). Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of major phenolics from Verbascum salviifolium Boiss. Z Naturforsch 63:196–202
- Tatli I, Schuly W, Akdemir Z. (2007). Secondary metabolites from bioactive methanolic extract of Verbascum pycnostachyum Boiss. & Helder flowers. Hacettepe Univ J Fac Pharm 27:23–32
- Vogel G. (2008). Paw edema. In: Vogel G, ed. Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays. Berlin, New York: Springer, 1103–6