113
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
CASE REPORT

Treatment of chronic bilateral knee pain without objective clinical findings: Central sensitization. A case report

, &
Pages 95-99 | Received 20 Aug 2009, Accepted 20 Jan 2010, Published online: 31 May 2010

References

  • Coll AM, Ameen JR, Moseley LG. Reported pain after day surgery: A critical literature review. J Adv Nurs. 2004;46: 53–65.
  • Moseley L, Nicholas MK, Hodges P. A randomized controlled trial of intensive neurophysiology education in chronic low back pain. Clin J Pain. 2004;20:324–30.
  • Staud R, Rodriguez ME. Mechanisms of disease: Pain in fibromyalgia syndrome. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2006;2: 90–8.
  • Zusman M. Forebrain-mediated sensitization of central brain pathways: “non-specific” pain and a new image of MT. Manual Ther. 2002;72:80–98.
  • Breivik H, Borchgrevink PC, Allen SM, Rosseland LA, Romundstad L, Hals EK, . Assessment of pain. Review Br J Anaesth. 2008;101:17–24.
  • Omoigui S. The biochemical origin of pain: The origin of all pain is inflammation and the inflammatory response. Part 2 of 3 – Inflammatory profile of pain syndromes. Med Hypotheses. 2007;69:1169–78.
  • Schaible HG, Schmelz M, Tegeder I. Pathophysiology and treatment of pain in joint disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2006;58:323–42.
  • Schwartzman RJ, Grothusen J, Kiefer TR, Rohr P. Neuropathic central pain: Epidemiology, etiology, and treatment options. Arch Neurol. 2001;58:1547–50.
  • Huskisson EC. Measurement of pain. Lancet. 1974;2: 1127–31.
  • Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–7.
  • Yunus MB. Role of central sensitization in symptoms beyond muscle pain, and the evaluation of a patient with widespread pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007;21:481–97.
  • Tracey I. Imaging pain. Review. Br J Anaesth. 2008;101: 32–9.
  • Kingston T, Dooley B, Bates A, Lawlor E, Malone K. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for residual depressive symptoms. Psychol Psychother. 2007;80(Pt 2):193–203.
  • Persson AI, Naylor AS, Jonsdottir IH, Nyberg F, Eriksson PS, Thorlin T. Differential regulation of hippocampal progenitor proliferation by opioid receptor antagonists in running and non-running spontaneously hypertensive rats. Eur J Neurosci. 2004;19:1847–55.
  • Vierck JC. Mechanisms underlying development of spatial distributed chronic pain (fibromyalgia). Pain. 2006;124:242–63.
  • Nijs J, Meeus M, De Meirleir K. pain in chronic fatigue syndrome: Recent developments and therapeutic implication. Manual Ther. 2006;11:187–91.
  • Staud R, Robinson ME, Price DD. Isometric exercise has opposite effects on central pain mechanisms in fibromyalgia patients compared to normal controls. Pain. 2005;118:176–84.
  • Nijs J, Van Houdenhove B. From acute musculoskeletal pain to chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: Application of pain neurophysiology in manual therapy practice. Manual Therapy. 2009;14:3–12.
  • Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, Kroenke K. Depression and pain comorbidity. A literature review Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:2433–45.
  • Williams JM, Russell I, Russell D. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy: Further issues in current evidence and future research. Review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008;76:524–9.
  • Gajraj NM. Pregabalin: Its pharmacology and use in pain management. Anesth Analg. 2007;105:1805–15.
  • Schmid-Schönbein GW. Analysis of inflammation. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2006;8:93–131.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.