109
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Effect of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on the micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes of mice

, , , &
Pages 51-57 | Received 25 Jul 2012, Accepted 10 Jan 2013, Published online: 19 Jun 2013

References

  • Abramsson-Zeterberg, L., Grawé, J. (2001). Extended exposure of adult and fetal mice to 50 Hz magnetic field does not increase the incidence of micronuclei in erythrocytes. Bioelectromagnetics. 22:351–357
  • Alcaraz, M., Acevedo, C., Castillo, J., et al. (2009). Liposoluble antioxidants provide an effective radioprotective barrier. Br. J. Radiol. 82:605–609
  • Alcaraz, M., Andreu-Gálvez, M., Sánchez-Villalobos, J. M., et al. (2012). Genotoxicity and electromagnetics fields-EMF: An evaluation through the micronucleus assay. Radioprotección. 71:28–36 [in Spanish]
  • Alcaraz, M., Armero, D., Martínez-Beneyto, Y., et al. (2011). Chemical genoprotection: Reducing biological damage to as low as reasonably achievable levels. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 40:310–314
  • Alcaraz, M., Gómez-Moraga, A., Dato, M. J., et al. (2002). Genotoxic effects induced by exposure to X-rays in complex medical radiodiagnostic studies. Oncología. 25:159–168 [in Spanish]
  • Almassy, Z., Krepinski, A. B., Bianco, A., et al. (1987). The present state and perspectives of micronucleus assay technique in radiation protection. Int. J. Rad. Appl. Instrum. 38:241–249
  • Ashby, J., Fletcher, K., Williams, C., et al. (1997). Lack of activity of estradiol in rodent bone marrow micronucleus assays. Mutat. Res. 395:83–88
  • Benavente-García, O., Castillo, J., Lorente, J., et al. (2002). Radioprotective effects in vivo of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves against X-ray-induced chromosomal damage: Comparative study versus several flavonoids and sulfur-containing compounds. J. Med. Food. 5:125–135
  • Castillo, J., Alcaraz, M., Benavente-García, O. (2010). Antioxidant and radioprotective effects of olive leaf extract. In Preedy, V. R., Watson, R. R. eds. Olives and Olive Oil in Health and Disease Prevention. Oxford: Academic Press
  • Castillo, J., Benavente-García, O., Del Baño, M. J., et al. (2001). Radioprotective effects against chromosomal damage induced in human lymphocytes by gamma-rays as a function of polymerization grade of grape seed extracts. J. Med. Food. 4:117–123
  • Castillo, J., Benavente-García, O., Lorente, J., et al. (2000). Antioxidant activity and radioprotective effects against chromosomal damage induced in vivo by X-rays of flavan-3-ols (procyanidins) from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera): Comparative study versus other phenolic and organic compounds. J. Agr. Food Chem. 48:1738–1745
  • Cho, Y. H., Chung, M. V. (2003). The effect of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on the frequency of micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes induced by benzo(a)pyrene. Toxicol. Lett. 143:37–44
  • Cho, Y. H., Jeon, H. K., Chung, H. W. (2007). Effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on delayed chromosomal instability induced by bleomycin in normal human fibroblast cells. J. Toxicol. Envirom. Health A. 70:1252–1258
  • Del Baño, M. J., Castillo, J., Benavente-García, O., et al. (2006). Radioprotective-antimutagenic effects of rosemary phenolics against chromosomal damage induced in human lymphocytes by gamma-rays. J. Agr. Food Chem. 54:2064–2068
  • El-Zein, R., Vral, A., Etzel, C. J. (2011). Cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay and cancer risk assessment. Mutagenesis. 26:101–106
  • Emre, H., Cetiner, S., Zencir, S., et al. (2011). Oxidative stress and apoptosis in relation to exposure to magnetic fields. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 59:71–77
  • Erdal, N., Gürgül, S., Celik, A. (2007). Cytogenetic effects of extremely low frequency magnetic field on Wistar rat bone marrow. Mutat Res. 630:69–77
  • Fatigoni, C., Dominici, L., Moretti, M., et al. (2005). Genotoxic effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MF) evaluated by the Tradescantia micronucleus assay. Environ. Toxicol. 20:585–591
  • Frahm, J., Lantow, M., Lupke, M., et al. (2006). Alteration in cellular functions in mouse macrophages after exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. J. Cell Biochem. 99:168–177
  • Garj-Vrhovac, V., Gajski, G., Pazanin, S., et al. (2011). Assesment of cytogenetic damage and oxidative stress in personnel occupationally exposed to the pulsed microwave radiation of marine radar equipment. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. 214:59–65
  • Heddle, J. A., Salamone, M. F. (1981). Chromosomal aberrations and bone marrow toxicity. Environ. Health Persp. 39:23–27
  • Kirsch-Volders, M., Plas, G., Elhajouji, A., et al. (2011). The in vitro MN assay in 2011: Origin and fate, biological significance, protocols, high throughput methodologies and toxicological relevance. Arch. Toxicol. 85:873–899
  • Lee, J. W., Kim, M. S., Kim, Y. J., et al. (2011). Genotoxic effects of 3T magnetic resonance imaging in cultured human lymphocytes. Bioelectromagnetics. 32:535–542
  • Mavournin, K. H., Blakey, D. H., Cimino, M. C., et al. (1990). The in vivo micronucleus assay in mammalian bone marrow and peripheral blood, a report of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gene-Tox Program. Mutat Res. 239:29–80
  • Mazur, L. (1995). Induction of micronucleated erythrocytes by MEA, AET, WR-2721 and X-rays. Mutat. Res. 334:317–322
  • Morita, T., MacGregor, J. T., Hayashi, M. (2011). Micronucleus assays in rodent tissues other than bone marrow. Mutagenesis. 26:223–230
  • Nakahara, T., Yaguchi, H., Yoshida, M., et al. (2002). Effects of exposure of CHO-K1 cells to a 10-T static magnetic field. Radiology. 224:817–822
  • Navarro, J. L., Alcaraz, M., Gómez-Moraga, A., et al. (2004). Absence of chromosomic and genotoxic damage from the radiation dose administered in scintigraphic examinations. Rev. Esp. Med. Nucl. 23:174–182 [in Spanish]
  • Okano, H. (2008). Effects of static magnetic fields in biology: role of free radicals. Front Biosci. 134:6106–6125
  • Okudan, N., Celik, I., Salbacak, A., et al. (2010). Effects of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure on the micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocyte and blood lymphocyte frequency and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions in lymphocytes of mice. Neuro. Endocrinol. Lett. 31:208–214
  • Pasquini, R., Villarini, M., Scassellati-Sforzolini, G., et al. (2003). Micronucleus induction in cells co-exposed in vitro to 50 Hz magnetic field and benzene, 1,4-benzenediol (hydroquinone) or 1,2,4-benzenetriol. Toxicol. In Vitro. 17:581–586
  • Politawski, P., Rajkowska, E., Pawlaczyk-Luszczynska, M., et al. (2010). Static magnetic field affects oxidative stress in mouse cochlea. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health. 23:377–384
  • Reddy, S. B., Weller, J., Desjardins-Holmes, D., et al. (2010). Micronuclei in the blood and bone marrow cells of mice exposed to specific complex time-varying pulsed magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics. 31:445–453
  • Sánchez-Campillo, M., Gabaldon, J. A., Castillo, J., et al. (2009). Rosmarinic acid, a photo-protective agent against UV and other ionizing radiations. Food Chem. Toxicol. 47:386–392
  • Sarma, L., Kesavan, P. C. (1993). Protective effects of vitamin C and E against γ-ray-induced chromosomal damage in mouse. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 63:759–764
  • Scassellati-Sforzolini, G., Moretti, M., Villarini, M., et al. (2004). Evaluation of genotoxic and/or co-genotoxic effects in cells exposed in vitro to extremely-low frequency electromagnetic fields. Ann. Ig. 16:321–340
  • Schmid, W. (1975). The micronucleus test. Mutat. Res. 31:9–15
  • Serna, A., Alcaraz, M., Navarro, J. L., et al. (2007). Biological dosimetry and Bayesian analysis of chromosomal damage in thyroid cancer patients. Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry. 19:1–9
  • Simi, S., Ballardin, M., Casella, M., et al. (2008). Is the genotoxic effect of magnetic resonance negligible? Low persistence of micronucleus frequency in lymphocytes of individuals after cardiac scan. Mutat. Res. 645:39–43
  • Simkó, M., Kriehuber, R., Lange, S. (1998). Micronucleus formation in human amnion cells after exposure to 50 Hz MF applied horizontally and vertically. Mutat. Res. 418:101–111
  • Simkó, M., Richard, D., Kriehuber, R., et al. (2001). Micronucleus induction in Syrian hamster embryo cells following exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields, benzo(a)pyrene, and TPA in vitro. Mutat. Res. 495:43–50
  • Singh, S., Khanduja, K. L., Mittal, P. K. (1997). Mutagenic potential of benzo(a)pyrene and Nitrosodiethylamine is not affected by 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field. Electro. Magnetobiol. 16:169–175
  • Udroiu, I., Cristaldi, M., Ieradi, L. A., et al. (2006). Clastogenicity and aneuploidy in newborn and adult mice exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 82:561–567
  • Valberg, P. A., Kavet, R., Rafferty, C. N. (1997). Can low-level 50/60-Hz electric and magnetic fields cause biological effects? Radiat. Res. 148:2–21
  • Verheyen, G. R., Pauwels, G., Verschaeve, L., et al. (2003). Effect of coexposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and an aneugen on human lymphocytes, determined by the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay. Bioelectromagnetics. 24:160–164
  • Vijayalaxmi, Obe G. (2005). Controversial cytogenetic observations in mammalian somatic cells exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic radiation: A review and future research recommendations. Bioelectromagnetics. 26:412–430
  • Vral, A., Fenech, M., Thierens, H. (2011). The micronucleus assay as a biological dosimeter of in vivo ionising radiation exposure. Mutagenesis. 26:11–17
  • Winker, R., Ivancsits, S., Pilger, A., et al. (2005). Chromosomal damage in human diploid fibroblasts by intermittent exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Mutat. Res. 585:43–49

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.