Racial Differences in CT Phenotypes in COPD

References

• Coultas DB, Mapel D, Gagnon R, Lydick E. The health impact of undiagnosed airflow obstruction in a national sample of United States adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164(3):372–377.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick P, Dransfield MT. Racial and sex differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease susceptibility, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009; 15(2):100–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wise RA. Changing smoking patterns and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Prev Med 1997; 26(4):418–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillum RF. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in blacks and whites: pulmonary function norms and risk factors. J Natl Med Assoc 1991; 83(5):393–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg JZ, Mason J, Boettcher AJ, Hatsukami DK, Murphy SE. Nicotine metabolism in African Americans and European Americans: variation in glucuronidation by ethnicity and UGT2B10 haplotype. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 332(1):202–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatila WM, Hoffman EA, Gaughan J, Robinswood GB, Criner GJ. Advanced emphysema in African-American and white patients: do differences exist? Chest 2006; 130(1):108–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dransfield MT, Bailey WC. COPD: Racial disparities in susceptibility, treatment, and outcomes. Clin Chest Med 2006; 27(3):463–471, vii.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dransfield MT, Bailey WC. Studying COPD in African-Americans: Better late than never. COPD 2008; 5(1):1–3.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Han MK, Bartholmai B, Liu LX, Clinical significance of radiologic characterizations in COPD. COPD 2009; 6(6):459–467.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Regan EA, Hokanson JE, Murphy JR, Genetic epidemiology of COPD (COPDGene) study design. COPD 2010; 7(1):32–43.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• American Thoracic Society. Standardization of Spirometry, 1994 Update. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152(3):1107–1136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hankinson JL, Odencrantz JR, Fedan KB. Spirometric reference values from a sample of the general U.S. population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159(1):179–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ATS statement. Guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166(1):111–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barr JT, Schumacher GE, Freeman S, LeMoine M, Bakst AW, Jones PW. American translation, modification, and validation of the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire. Clin Ther 2000; 22(9):1121–1145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celli BR, Cote CG, Marin JM, The body-mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity index in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(10):1005–1012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoffman EA, Simon BA, McLennan G. State of the Art. A structural and functional assessment of the lung via multidetector-row computed tomography: phenotyping chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2006; 3(6):519–532.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Han MK, Kazerooni EA, Lynch DA, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations in the COPDGene study: associated radiologic phenotypes. Radiology 2011; 261(1):274–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busacker A, Newell JD, Jr., Keefe T, A multivariate analysis of risk factors for the air-trapping asthmatic phenotype as measured by quantitative CT analysis. Chest 2009; 135(1):48–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jain N, Covar RA, Gleason MC, Newell JD, Jr., Gelfand EW, Spahn JD. Quantitative computed tomography detects peripheral airway disease in asthmatic children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005; 40(3):211–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim WJ, Silverman EK, Hoffman E, CT metrics of airway disease and emphysema in severe COPD. Chest 2009; 136(2):396–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hersh CP, Washko GR, Jacobson FL, Interobserver variability in the determination of upper lobe-predominant emphysema. Chest 2007; 131(2):424–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han MK, Curran-Everett D, Dransfield MT, Racial differences in quality of life in patients with COPD. Chest 2011; 140(5):1169–1176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rambod M, Porszasz J, Make BJ, Crapo JD, Casaburi R. Six minute walk distance predictors, including computed tomography measures, in the COPDGene(R) Cohort. Chest 2012; 141(4):867–875.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flaherty KR, Kazerooni EA, Curtis JL, Short-term and long-term outcomes after bilateral lung volume reduction surgery : Prediction by quantitative CT. Chest 2001; 119(5):1337–1346.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chae EJ, Seo JB, Song JW, Slope of emphysema index: an objective descriptor of regional heterogeneity of emphysema and an independent determinant of pulmonary function. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2010; 194(3):W248–W255.
   Google Scholar
• Gietema HA, Zanen P, Schilham A, Distribution of emphysema in heavy smokers: impact on pulmonary function. Respir Med 2010; 104(1):76–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed Hoesein FA, van Rikxoort E, van Ginneken B, CT-quantified emphysema distribution is associated with lung function decline. Eur Respir J 2012, in press.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanabe N, Muro S, Tanaka S, Emphysema distribution and annual changes in pulmonary function in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2012; 13(1):31.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• de Serres FJ. Worldwide racial and ethnic distribution of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency: summary of an analysis of published genetic epidemiologic surveys. Chest 2002; 122(5):1818–1829.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mair G, Maclay J, Miller JJ, Airway dimensions in COPD: Relationships with clinical variables. Respir Med 2010; 104(11):1683–1690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogg JC, Chu F, Utokaparch S, The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(26):2645–2653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuoka S, Yamashiro T, Washko GR, Kurihara Y, Nakajima Y, Hatabu H. Quantitative CT assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Radiographics 2010; 30(1):55–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarrazin MV, Cannon KT, Rosenthal GE, Kaldjian LC. Racial differences in mortality among veterans hospitalized for exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Natl Med Assoc 2009; 101(7):656–662.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaya FT, Maneval MS, Gbarayor CM, Burden of COPD, asthma, and concomitant COPD and asthma among adults: racial disparities in a medicaid population. Chest 2009; 136(2):405–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed Hoesein FA, de HB, Zanen P, CT-quantified emphysema in male heavy smokers: association with lung function decline. Thorax 2011; 66(9):782–787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haruna A, Muro S, Nakano Y, CT scan findings of emphysema predict mortality in COPD. Chest 2010; 138(3):635–640.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez FJ, Foster G, Curtis JL, Predictors of mortality in patients with emphysema and severe airflow obstruction. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 173(12):1326–1334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawkins PA, Dowson LJ, Guest PJ, Stockley RA. Predictors of mortality in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Thorax 2003; 58(12):1020–1026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuempel ED, Wheeler MW, Smith RJ, Vallyathan V, Green FH. Contributions of dust exposure and cigarette smoking to emphysema severity in coal miners in the United States. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 180(3):257–264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar