REFERENCES
- Viora E, Sciarrone A, Bastonero S, Errante G, Mortara G, Chiappa E, Campogrande M. Anomalies of the fetal venous system: A report of 26 cases and review of the literature. Fetal Diagn Ther 19:440–447, 2004.
- Fasouliotis SJ, Achiron R, Kivilevitch Z, Yagel S. The human fetal venous system. Normal embryologic, anatomic and physiologic characteristics and developmental abnormalities. J Ultrasound Med 21:1145–1158, 2002.
- Wolman I, Gull I, Fait G, Amster R, Kupferminc MJ, Lessing JB, Jaffa AJ. Persistent right umbilical vein: incidence and significance. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 19:562–564, 2002.
- Gorincour G, Droulle P, Guibaud L. Prenatal diagnosis of umbilicoportosystemic shunts: Report of 11 cases and review of the literature. AJR 184:163–168, 2005.
- Aoki S, Hata T, Ariyuki Y, Makihara K, Hata K, Kitao M. Antenatal diagnosis of aberrant umbilical vessels. Gynecol Obstet Invest 43:232–235, 1997.
- Painter D, Russel P. Four-vessel umbilical cord associated with multiple congenital anomalies. Obstet Gynecol 50:505–507, 1977.
- Paize F, Yoxall CW. Supernumerary umbilical vein demonstrated by radiography of a 27-week-gestation neonate. Pediatr Radiol 36:570, 2006.
- Rodriquez MA. Four-vessel umbilical cord without congenital abnormalities. South Med J 77:539, 1984.
- Perez-Cosio C, Sheiner E, Abramowicz JS. Four-vessel umbilical cord. Not always a dire prognosis. J Ultrasound Med 27:1389–1391, 2008.
- Tordjeman N, Ville Y, Fermont L, Guis F, Dourmerc S, Frydman R. Anomalies of the umbilical vein in the fetus. A case report and review of the literature. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris) 25:495–499, 1996.