Prolonged Paralysis After Neuromuscular Blockade

References

• Hansen‐Flaschen J. H., Brazinsky S., Basile C., Lanken P. N. Use of sedating drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents in patients requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure: a national survey. JAMA 1991; 266: 2870–2875
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klessig H. T., Geiger H. J., Murray M. J., Coursin D. B. A national survey on the practice patterns of anesthesiologist intensivists in the use of muscle relaxants. Crit Care Med 1992; 20: 1341–1345
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roizen M. F., Feeley T. W. Pancuronium bromide. Ann Intern Med 1978; 88: 64–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barohn R. J., Jackson C. E., Rogers S. J., Ridings L. W., McVex A. L. Prolonged paralysis due to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and corticosteroids. Muscle Nerve 1994; 17: 647–654
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benzing G., Iannaccone S. T., Bove K. E., et al. Prolonged myasthenic syndrome after one week of muscle relaxants. Pediatr Neurol 1990; 6: 190–196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danon M. J., Carpenter S. Myopathy with thick filament (myosin) loss following prolonged paralysis with vecuronium during steroid treatment. Muscle Nerve 1991; 14: 1131–1139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglass J. A., Tuxen D. V., Home K., et al. Myopathy in severe asthma. Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146: 517–519
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooch J. L., Moore M. E., Ryser D. K. Prolonged paralysis after neuromuscular junction blockade: Case reports and electrodiagnostic findings. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1993; 74: 1007–1011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gooch J. L., Suchyta M. R., Balbierz J. M., Petajan J. H., Clemmer T. P. Prolonged paralysis after treatment with neuromuscular junction blocking drugs. Crit Care Med 1991; 19: 1125–1131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffin D., Fairman N., Coursin D., Rawsthorne L., Grossman J. E. Acute myopathy during treatment of status asthmaticus with corticosteroids and steroidal muscle relaxants. Chest 1992; 102: 510–514
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirano M., Ott B. R., Raps E. C., et al. Acute quadriplegic myopathy: a complication of treatment with steroids, nondepolarizing blocking agents, or both. Neurology 1992; 42: 2082–2087
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kupfer Y., Namba T., Kaldawi E., Tessler S. Prolonged weakness after long‐term infusion of vecuronium bromide. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117: 484–486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kupfer Y., Okren D. G., Twersky R. A., Tessler S. Disuse atrophy in a ventilated patient with status asthmaticus receiving neuromuscular blockade. Crit Care Med 1987; 15: 795–796
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacomis D., Smith T. W., Chad D. A. Acute myopathy and neuropathy in status asthmatics. Case report and literature review. Muscle Nerve 1993; 16: 84–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Op de Coul A. A., Lambregts P. C., Koeman J., Van Puyenbroek M. J., Ter Laak H. J., Gabreels‐Festen A. A. Neuromuscular complications in patients given Pavulon (pancuronium bromide) during artificial ventilation. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 1985; 87: 17–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partridge B. L., Abrams J. H., Bazemore C., Rubin R. Prolonged neuromuscular blockade after long‐term infusion of vecuronium bromide in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 1990; 18: 1177–1179
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramsay D. A., Zochodne D. W., Robertson D. K., Nag S., Ludwin S. K. A syndrome of acute severe muscle necrosis in intensive care unit patients. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1993; 52: 387–398
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossiter A., Souney P. F., McGowan S., Carvajal P. Pancuronium‐induced prolonged neuromuscular blockade. Crit Care Med 1991; 19: 1583–1587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segredo V., Caldwell J. E., Matthay M. A., Sharma M. L., Gruenke L. D., Miller R. D. Persistent paralysis in critically ill patients after long‐term administration of vecuronium. N EnglJ Med 1992; 327: 524–528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sitwell L. D., Weinshenker B. G., Monpetit V., Reid D. Complete ophthalmoplegia as a complication of acute corticosteroid and pancuronium associated myopathy. Neurology 1991; 41: 921–922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subramony S. H., Carpenter D. E., Raju S., Pride M., Evans O B. Myopathy and prolonged neuromuscular blockade after lung transplant. Crit Care Med 1991; 19: 1580–1582
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torres C. F., Maniscalco W. M. Muscle weakness and atrophy following prolonged paralysis with pancuronium bromide in neonates. Ann Neurol 1995; 18: 403
   Google Scholar
• Vanderheyden B. A., Reynolds H. N., Gerold K. B., Emanuele T. Prolonged paralysis after long‐term vecuronium infusion. Crit Care Med 1992; 201: 304–307
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wokke J. H., Jennekens F. G., van den Oord C. J., VeJdman H., van Gijn J. Histological investigations of muscle atrophy and end plates in two critically ill patients with generalized weakness. J Neurol Sci 1988; 88: 95–106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zochodne D. W., Ramsay D. A., Shelley S. Acute necrotizing myopathy of intensive care: electrophysiological studies. Muscle Nerve 1994; 17: 285–292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanks A. B., Long T., Aitkenhead A. R. Prolonged neuromuscular blockade following vecuronium. Br J Anaesth 1985; 57: 807
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belafsky M. A., Klawans H. L. Prolonged neuromuscular blockade with pancuronium bromide in a young healthy woman. Anesthesiology 1974; 40: 295–296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan P. W., Rocha W., Sanders D. B., D'Souza B., Spock A. Acute steroid‐induced tetraplegia following status asthmaticus. Pediatrics 1986; 78: 121–123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller R. D., Rupp S. M., Fisher D. M., Cronnelly R., Fahey M. R., Sohn Y. J. Clinical pharmacology of vecuronium and atracurium. Anesthesiology 1984; 61: 444–453
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouleau G., Karpati G., Carpenter S., Soza M., Prescott S., Holland P. Glucocorticoid excess induces preferential depletion of myosin in denervated skeletal muscle fibers. Muscle Nerve 1987; 10: 428–438
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massa R., Carpenter S., Holland P., Karpati G. Loss and renewal of thick myofilaments in glucocorticoid‐treated rat soleus after denervation and reinnervation. Muscle Nerve 1992; 15: 1290–1298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuBois D. C., Almon R. R. A possible role for glucocorticoids in denervation atrophy. Muscle Nerve 1981; 4: 370–373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldman S. A. Effect of changes in electrolytes, hydration and pH upon the reactions to muscle relaxants. Br J Anaesth 1963; 35: 546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witt N. J., Bolton C. F., Sibbald W. J. The incidence and early features of the polyneuropathy of critical illness. Neurology 1985; 35(Supplement 1)74
   Google Scholar
• Bolton C. F., Gilbert J. J., Hahn A. F., Sibbald W. J. Polyneuropathy in critically ill patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984; 47: 1223–1231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zochodne D. W., Bolton C. F., Wells G. A., Gilbert J. J., Hahn A. F., Brown J. D., Sibbald W. A. Critical illness polyneuropathy. A complication of sepsis and multiple organ failure. Brain 1987; 110: 819–841
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pribble C., Timmons O., Moore M., Gooch J. Risk factors for prolonged weakness after vecuronium infusions in pediatric patients. Crit Care Med 1995, In press
   Google Scholar
• Krendel D. A., Reid C., Roeske L. Persistent weakness following atracurium and corticosteroid administration. Muscle Nerve 1994; 17: 1124
   Google Scholar
• Hansen‐Flaschen J., Cowen J., Raps E. C. Neuromuscular blockade in the intensive care unit. More than we bargained for. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 147: 234–236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar