References
- Arnold F J, Hodges J B, Jr, Barta R A., Jr. Evaluation of the efficacy of lavage and induced emesis in treatment of salicylate poisoning. Pediatrics 1959; 23: 286–301
- Abdallah A H, Tye A. A comparison of the efficacy of emetic drugs and stomach lavage. Am J Dis Child 1967; 113: 571–575
- Corby D G, Lisciandro R C, Lehman R H, Decker W J. The efficiency of methods used to evacuate the stomach after acute ingestions. Pediatrics 1967; 40: 871–874
- Teshima D, Suzuki A, Otsubo K, et al. Efficacy of emetic and United States Pharmacopoeia ipecac syrup in prevention of drug absorption. Chem Pharm Bull 1990; 38: 2242–2245
- Neuvonen P J, Vartiainen M, Tokola O. Comparison of activated charcoal and ipecac syrup in prevention of drug absorption. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1983; 24: 557–562
- Curtis R A, Barone J, Giacona N. Efficacy of ipecac and activated charcoal/cathartic. Arch Intern Med 1984; 144: 48–52
- Neuvonen P J, Olkkola K T. Activated charcoal and syrup of ipecac in prevention of cimetidine and pindolol absorption in man after administration of metoclopramideas an antiemetic agent. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1984; 22: 103–114
- Tandberg D, Diven B G, McLeod J W. Ipecac-induced emesis versus gastric lavage. Am J Emerg Med 1986; 4: 205–209
- Tenenbein M, Cohen S, Sitar D S. Efficacy of ipecac-induced emesis, orogastric lavage, and activated charcoal for acute drug overdose. Ann Emerg Med 1987; 16: 838–841
- Danel V, Henry J A, Glucksman E. Activated charcoal, emesis, and gastric lavage in aspirin overdose. BMJ 1988; 296: 1507
- Vasquez T E, Evans D G, Ashburn W L. Efficacy of syrup of ipecac-induced emesis for emptying gastric contents. Clin Nucl Med 1988; 13: 638–639
- McNamara R M, Aaron C K, Gemborys M, Davidheiser S. Efficacy of charcoal cathartic versus ipecac in reducing serum acetaminophen in a simulated overdose. Ann Emerg Med 1989; 18: 934–938
- Tandberg D, Murphy L C. The knee-chest position does not improve the efficacy of ipecac-induced emesis. Am J Emerg Med 1989; 7: 267–270
- Young W F, Bivins H G. Evaluation of gastric emptying using radionuclides: Gastric lavage versus ipecac-induced emesis. Ann Emerg Med 1993; 22: 1423–1427
- Bond G R, Requa R K, Krenzelok E P, et al. Influence of time until emesis on the efficacy of decontamination using acetaminophen as a marker in a pediatric population. Ann Emerg Med 1993; 22: 1403–1407
- Kulig K, Bar-Or D, Cantrill S V, Rosen P, Rumack B H. Management of acutely poisoned patients without gastric emptying. Ann Emerg Med 1985; 14: 562–567
- Pond S M, Lewis-Driver D J, Williams G M, Green A C, Stevenson N W. Gastric emptying in acute overdose: a prospective randomised controlled trial. Med J Aust 1995; 163: 345–349
- Chafee-Bahamon C, Lacouture P G, Lovejoy F H, Jr. Risk assessment of ipecac in the home. Pediatrics 1985; 75: 1105–1109
- Czajka P A, Russell S L. Nonemetic effects of ipecac syrup. Pediatrics 1985; 75: 1101–1104
- Litovitz T L, Klein-Schwartz W, Oderda G M, et al. Ipecac administration in children younger than 1 year of age. Pediatrics 1985; 76: 761–764
- Litovitz T L, Smilkstein M, Felberg L, et al. 1996 Annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System. Am J Emerg Med 1997; 15: 447–500
- Corby D G, Decker W J, Moran M J, Payne C E. Clinical comparison of pharmacologic emetics in children. Pediatrics 1968; 42: 361–364
- Auerbach P S, Osterloh J, Braun O, et al. Efficacy of gastric emptying: gastric lavage versus emesis induced with ipecac. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15: 692–698
- Saetta J P, March S, Gaunt M E, Quinton D N. Gastric emptying procedures in the self-poisoned patient: are we forcing gastric content beyond the pylorus?. J R Soc Med 1991; 84: 274–276
- Merigian K S, Woodard M, Hedges J R, Roberts J R, Stuebling R, Rashkin M C. Prospective evaluation of gastric emptying in the self-poisoned patient. Am J Emerg Med 1990; 8: 479–483
- Kornberg A E, Dolgin J. Pediatric ingestions: charcoal alone versus ipecac and charcoal. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 648–651
- Bond G R. Home use of syrup of ipecac is associated with a reduction in pediatric emergency department visits. Ann Emerg Med 1995; 25: 338–343
- Amitai Y, Mitchell A A, McGuigan M A, Lovejoy F H., Jr. Ipecac-induced emesis and reduction of plasma concentrations of drugs following accidental overdose in children. Pediatrics 1987; 80: 364–367
- Underhill T J, Greene M K, Dove A F. A comparison of the efficacy of gastric lavage, ipecacuanha and activated charcoal in the emergency management of paracetamol overdose. Arch Emerg Med 1990; 7: 148–154
- Saetta J P, Quinton D N. Residual gastric content after gastric lavage and ipecacuanha-induced emesis in self-poisoned patients: an endoscopic study. J R Soc Med 1991; 84: 35–38
- Tenenbein M. Inefficacy of gastric emptying procedures. J Emerg Med 1985; 3: 133–136
- Peterson C D, Fifield G C. Emergency gastrotomy for acute iron poisoning. Ann Emerg Med 1980; 9: 262–264
- Landsman I, Bricker J T, Reid B S, Bloss R S. Emergency gastrotomy: Treatment of choice of iron bezoar. J Pediatr Surg 1987; 22: 184–185
- Albertson T E, Derlet R W, Foulke G E, Minguillon M C, Tharratt S R. Superiority of activated charcoal alone compared with ipecac and activated charcoal in the treatment of acute toxic ingestions. Ann Emerg Med 1989; 18: 56–59
- Tanberg D, Liechty E J, Fishbein D. Mallory-Weiss Syndrome: An unusual complication of ipecac-induced emesis. Ann Emerg Med 1981; 10: 521–523
- Timberlake G A. Ipecac as a cause of the Mallory-Weiss Syndrome. South Med J 1984; 77: 804–805
- Wolowodiuk O K, McMicken D B, O'Brein P. Pneumomediastinum and retropneumo-peritoneum: an unusual complication of syrup-of-ipecac-induced emesis. Ann Emerg Med 1984; 13: 1148–1151
- Wrenn K, Rodenwald L, Docstader L. Potential misuse of ipecac. Ann Emerg Med 1993; 22: 1408–1422
- Robertson W O. Syrup of ipecac associated fatality: A case report. Vet Hum Toxicol 1979; 21: 87–89
- Klein-Schwartz W, Gorman R L, Oderda G M, Wedin G P, Saggar D. Ipecac use in the elderly: the unanswered question. Ann Emerg Med 1984; 13: 1152–1154
- Knight K M, Doucet H J. Gastric rupture and death caused by ipecac syrup. South Med J 1987; 80: 786–787