Effects of smoking on visual acuity of central serous chorioretinopathy patients

References

• Haimovici R, Koh S, Gagnon DR, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy case–control study group. Risk factors for central serous chorioretinopathy: a case–control study. Ophthalmology 2004;111:244–249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheider A, Naseman JE, Lund OE. Fluoreseein and indocyanine green angiographies of central serous choriodopathy by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Am J Ophthalmol 1993;115:50–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross A, Ross AH, Mohamed Q. Review and update of central serous chorioretinopathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2011;22:166–173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fielding JE. Smoking: health effects and control. N Engl J Med 1985;313:491–498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wennmalm A. Effect of cigarette smoking on basal and carbon dioxide stimulated cerebral blood flow in man. Clin Physiol 1982;2:529–535
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ball K, Turner R. Smoking and the heart: the basis for action. Lancet 1974;7884:822–826
   Google Scholar
• Soldberg Y, Rosner M, Belkin M. The association between cigarette smoking and ocular diseases. Surv Ophthalmol 1998;42:535–547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Congdon NG. Prevention strategies for age-related cataract: present limitations and future possibilities. Br J Ophthalmol 2001;85:516–520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Smith W, et al. Smoking and the 5-year incidence of age-related maculopathy: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol 2002;120:1357–1363
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser-Bell S, Wu J, Klein R, et al. Smoking, alcohol intake, estrogen use, and age-related macular degeneration in Latinos: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2006;141:79–87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans JR, Fletcher AE, Wormald RP. 28 000 cases of age related macular degeneration causing visual loss in people aged 75 years and above in the United Kingdom may be attributable to smoking. Br J Ophthalmol 2005;89:550–553
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein R, Klein BE, Moss SE, et al. The epidemiology of retinal vein occlusion: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 2000;98:133–141
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chung SM, Gay CA, McCrary JA. Non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy: the impact of tobacco use. Ophthalmology 1994;101:779–782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shine B, Fells P, Adwards OM, et al. Association between Graves’ ophthalmopathy and smoking. Lancet 1990;335:1261–1263
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson MR, Ertzmark E, Walker AM, et al. A case–control study of risk factors in open-angle glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol 1987;105:1066–1071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lutty G, Grunwald J, Majji AB, et al. Changes in choriocapillaris and retinal pigment epithelium in age-related macular degeneration. Mol Vis 2004;5:35
   Google Scholar
• Ciulla TA, Harris A, Kagemann L, et al. Choroid perfusion perturbations in nonneovascular age related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol 2002;86:209–213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wennmalm A. Effect of cigarette smoking on basal and carbondioxide stimulated cerebral blood flow in man. Clin Physiol 1982;2:529–535
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ball K, Turner R. Smoking and the heart. Lancet 1974;2:822–826
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarin CL, Austin JC, Nickel WO. Effects of smoking on digital blood-flow velocity. J Am Med Assoc 1974;229:1327–1328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtovirta P, Forss M. The acute effect of smoking on intervillous blood flow of the placenta. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1978;85:729–731
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Robinson F, Petrig BL, Riva CE. The acute effect of cigarette smoking on macular capillary blood flow in humans. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1985;26:609–613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hara K. Effect of cigarette smoking on ocular circulation. Immediate effect on retinal circulation. Folia Ophthalmol Jpn 1991;42:263–267
   Google Scholar
• Morgado PB, Chen HC, Patel V, et al. The acute effect of smoking on retinal blood flow in subjects with and without diabetes. Ophthalmology 1994;101:1220–1226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steigerwalt RD Jr, Laurora G, Incandela L, et al. Ocular and orbital blood flow in cigarette smokers. Retina 2000;20:394–397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spaide RF, Campeas L, Haas A, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy in younger and older adults. Ophthalmology 1996;103:2070–2079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalon S, Moreno H Jr, Benowitz NL, et al. Nicotine impairs endothelium-dependent dilatation in human veins in vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2000;67:391–397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerzanich V, Zhang F, West GA, Simard JM. Chronic nicotine alters NO signaling of Ca2+ channels in cerebral arterioles. Circ Res 2001;88:359–365
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans JR. Risk factors for age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2001;20:227–253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suner IJ, Espinosa-Heidmann DG, Marin-Castano ME, et al. Nicotine increases size and severity of experimental choroidal neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:311–317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maguire MG, Klein ML, Chamberlin JA. Recurrent choroid neovascularization after argon laser photocoagulation for neovascular maculopathy. Macular Photocoagulation Study Group. Arch Ophthalmol 1986;104:503–512
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro-Correia J, Coutinho MF, Rosas V, et al. Long-term follow up of central serous retinopathy in 150 patients. Doc Ophthalmol 1992;81:379–386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang M, Munch IC. Central serous chorioretinopathy. Acta Opthalmol 2008;86:126–145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascaso FJ, Rojo M, Minguez E, et al. Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Retina 2011;31:616–622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan WM, Lam DS, Lai TY, et al. Choroid vascular remodelling in central serous chorioretinopathy after indocyanine green guided photodynamic therapy with verteporfin: a novel treatment at the primary disease level. Br J Ophthalmol 2003;87:1453–1458
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michels S, Schmidt-Erfurth U. Sequence of early vascular events after photodynamic therapy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44:2147–2154
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watzke RC, Burton TC, Leaverton PE. Ruby laser photocoagulation therapy of central serous retinopathy. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1974;78:205–211
   Google Scholar
• Watzke RC, Burton TC, Woolson RF. Direct and indirect laser photocoagulation of central serous choroidopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 1979;88:914–918
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gass JDM. Pathogenesis of disciform detachment of the neuroepithelium. II Idiopathic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Am J Opthalmol 1967;63:587–615
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein ML, Van Buskirk EM, Friedman E. Experience with nontreatment of central serous choroidopathy. Arch Opthalmol 1974;91:247–250
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar