Potential pulmonary effects of engineered carbon nanotubes: in vitro genotoxic effects

References

• Aardema MJ, Albertini S, Arni P, Henderson LM, Kirsch-Volders M, Mackay JM, Sarrif AM, Stringer DA, Taalman RD. 1998. Aneuploidy: A report of an ECETOC task force. Mutat Res 410:3–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aitken RJ, Chaudhry MQ, Boxall AB, Hull M. 2006. Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: Current status in the UK and global trends. Occup Med (Lond) 56:300–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ault JG, Cole RW, Jensen CG, Jensen LC, Bachert LA, Rieder CL. 1995. Behavior of crocidolite asbestos during mitosis in living vertebrate lung epithelial cells. Cancer Res 55:792–798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bachand M, Trent AM, Bunker BC, Bachand GD. 2005. Physical factors affecting kinesin-based transport of synthetic nanoparticle cargo. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 5:718–722.
   Google Scholar
• Baker DJ, Jin F, Jeganathan KB, van Deursen JM. 2009. Whole chromosome instability caused by Bub1 insufficiency drives tumorigenesis through tumor suppressor gene loss of heterozygosity. Cancer Cell 16:475–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bottini M, Balasubramanian C, Dawson MI, Bergamaschi A, Bellucci S, Mustelin T. 2006a. Isolation and characterization of fluorescent nanoparticles from pristine and oxidized electric arc-produced single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B Condens Matter Mater Surf Interfaces Biophys 110:831–836.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bottini M, Bruckner S, Nika K, Bottini N, Bellucci S, Magrini A, Bergamaschi A, Mustelin T. 2006b. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce T lymphocyte apoptosis. Toxicol Lett 160:121–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bottini M, Cerignoli F, Dawson MI, Magrini A, Rosato N, Mustelin T. 2006c. Full-length single-walled carbon nanotubes decorated with streptavidin-conjugated quantum dots as multivalent intracellular fluorescent nanoprobes. Biomacromolecules 7:2259–2263.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley J, Nordan MM, Tassinari O. 2009. The recession's ripple effect on nanotech. Boston, MA: Lux Research, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Brier S, Lemaire D, DeBonis S, Forest E, Kozielski F. 2006. Molecular dissection of the inhibitor binding pocket of mitotic kinesin Eg5 reveals mutants that confer resistance to antimitotic agents. J Mol Biol 360:360–376.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caperta AD, Delgado M, Ressurreicao F, Meister A, Jones RN, Viegas W, Houben A. 2006. Colchicine-induced polyploidization depends on tubulin polymerization in c-metaphase cells. Protoplasma 227:147–153.
   Google Scholar
• Chan PC, Bristol DW, Bucher JR, Burka LT, Chahabra RS, Herbert RA, ing-Herbert AP, Kissling DE, Malarkey DF, Peddada SD, Roycroft JH, Smith CS, Travlos GS, Witt KL, Sills RC. 2007. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of cumene in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (inhalation studies). In NTP TR 542 (National Toxicology Program). pp 1–104.
   Google Scholar
• Cortez BA, Machado-Santelli GM. 2008. Chrysotile effects on human lung cell carcinoma in culture: 3-D reconstruction and DNA quantification by image analysis. BMC Cancer 8:181.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cveticanin J, Joksic G, Leskovac A, Petrovic S, Sobot AV, Neskovic O. 2010. Using carbon nanotubes to induce micronuclei and double strand breaks of the DNA in human cells. Nanotechnology 21:015102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton AB, Collins S, Munoz E, Razal JM, Ebron VH, Ferraris JP, Coleman JN, Kim BG, Baughman RH. 2003. Super-tough carbon-nanotube fibres – these extraordinary composite fibres can be woven into electronic textiles. Nature 423:703–703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinu CZ, Bale SS, Zhu G, Dordick JS. 2009. Tubulin encapsulation of carbon nanotubes into functional hybrid assemblies. Small 5:310–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doak SH, Griffiths SM, Manshian B, Singh N, Williams PM, Brown AP, Jenkins GJ. 2009. Confounding experimental considerations in nanogenotoxicology. Mutagenesis 24:285–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson K, Poland CA. 2009. Nanotoxicology: New insights into nanotubes. Nat Nanotechnol 4:708–710.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du YZ, Hiratsuka Y, Taira S, Eguchi M, Uyeda TQP, Yumoto N, Kodaka M. 2005. Motor protein nano-biomachine powered by self-supplying ATP. Chem Commun 16:2080–2082.
   Google Scholar
• Ehrhardt AG, Sluder G. 2005. Spindle pole fragmentation due to proteasome inhibition. J Cell Physiol 204:808–818.
   Google Scholar
• Evans JA, Mocz G, Gibbons IR. 1986. Activation of dynein 1 adenosine triphosphatase by monovalent salts and inhibition by vanadate. J Biol Chem 261:14039–14043.
   Google Scholar
• Folkmann JK, Risom L, Jacobsen NR, Wallin H, Loft S, Moller P. 2009. Oxidatively damaged DNA in rats exposed by oral gavage to C60 fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes. Environ Health Perspect 117:703–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han JH, Lee EJ, Lee JH, So KP, Lee YH, Bae GN, Lee SB, Ji JH, Cho MH, Yu IJ. 2008. Monitoring multiwalled carbon nanotube exposure in carbon nanotube research facility. Inhal Toxicol 20:741–749.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heald R. 2000. Motor function in the mitotic spindle. Cell 102:399–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess H, Tseng Y. 2007. Active intracellular transport of nanoparticles: Opportunity or threat? ACS Nano 1:390–392.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirokawa N, Noda Y, Okada Y. 1998. Kinesin and dynein superfamily proteins in organelle transport and cell division. Curr Opin Cell Biol 10:60–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong HH, Dunnick J, Herbert R, Devereux TR, Kim Y, Sills RC. 2007. Genetic alterations in K-ras and p53 cancer genes in lung neoplasms from Swiss (CD-1) male mice exposed transplacentally to AZT. Environ Mol Mutagen 48:299–306.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hornick JE, Bader JR, Tribble EK, Trimble K, Breunig JS, Halpin ES, Vaughan KT, Hinchcliffe EH. 2008. Live-cell analysis of mitotic spindle formation in taxol-treated cells. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 65:595–613.
   Google Scholar
• Huang HJ, Kajiura H, Yamada A, Ata M. 2002. Purification and alignment of arc-synthesis single-walled carbon nanotube bundles. Chem Phys Lett 356:567–572.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hubbs AF, Mercer RR, Coad JE, Battelli LA, Willard P, Sriram K, Wolfarth M, Castranova V, Porter D. 2009. Persistent pulmonary inflammation, airway mucous metaphasia and migration of multi-walled carbon nanotubes from the lung after subchronic exposure. Toxicologist 108:2193.
   Google Scholar
• Huh YM, Jun YW, Song HT, Kim S, Choi JS, Lee JH, Yoon S, Kim KS, Shin JS, Suh JS, 2005. In vivo magnetic resonance detection of cancer by using multifunctional magnetic nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 127:12387–12391.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichihara G, Castranova V, Tanioka A, Miyazawa K. 2008. Re: Induction of mesothelioma in p53+/- mouse by intraperitoneal application of multi-wall carbon nanotube. J Toxicol Sci 33,381–382; author reply 382–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, Moller P, Jensen KA, Vogel U, Ladefoged O, Loft S, Wallin H. 2009. Lung inflammation and genotoxicity following pulmonary exposure to nanoparticles in ApoE-/- mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 6:2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Q, Ren Y, Feng J. 2008. Direct binding with histone deacetylase 6 mediates the reversible recruitment of parkin to the centrosome. J Neurosci 28:12993–3002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ju-Nam Y, Lead JR. 2008. Manufactured nanoparticles: An overview of their chemistry, interactions and potential environmental implications. Sci Total Environ 400:396–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanno J, Takagi A, Nishimura T, Hlrose A. 2010. Mesothelioma induction by micrometer-sized multi-walled carbon nanotube intraperitoneally injected to p53 heterozygous mice. In: The toxicologist. Salt Lake City, Utah: Oxford University Press. pp A1397.
   Google Scholar
• Kapitein LC, Peterman EJG, Kwok BH, Kim JH, Kapoor TM, Schmidt CF. 2005. The bipolar mitotic kinesin Eg5 moves on both microtubules that it crosslinks. Nature 435:114–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikkawa M. 2008. The role of microtubules in processive kinesin movement. Trends Cell Biol 18:128–135.
   Google Scholar
• Kisin ER, Murray AR, Keane MJ, Shi XC, Schwegler-Berry D, Gorelik O, Arepalli S, Castranova V, Wallace WE, Kagan VE, 2007. Single-walled carbon nanotubes: Geno- and cytotoxic effects in lung fibroblast V79 cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A 70:2071–2079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kline-Smith SL, Walczak CE. 2004. Mitotic spindle assembly and chromosome segregation: Refocusing on microtubule dynamics. Molec Cell 15:317–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi T, Murayama T. 2009. Cell cycle-dependent microtubule-based dynamic transport of cytoplasmic dynein in mammalian cells. PLoS One 4:e7827.
   Google Scholar
• Koyama S, Haniu H, Osaka K, Koyama H, Kuroiwa N, Endo M, Kim YA, Hayashi T. 2006. Medical application of carbon-nanotube-filled nanocomposites: The microcatheter. Small 2:1406–1411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurasawa Y, Earnshaw WC, Mochizuki Y, Dohmae N, Todokoro K. 2004. Essential roles of KIF4 and its binding partner PRC1 in organized central spindle midzone formation. EMBO J 23:3237–3248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langer AM, Nolan RP. 1994. Chrysotile: Its occurrence and properties as variables controlling biological effects. Ann Occup Hyg 38:427–451, 407.
   Google Scholar
• Lawrence CJ, Dawe RK, Christie KR, Cleveland DW, Dawson SC, Endow SA, Goldstein LSB, Goodson HV, Hirokawa N, Howard J, 2004. A standardized kinesin nomenclature. J Cell Biol 167:19–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Peng Y, Qu X. 2006a. Carbon nanotubes selective destabilization of duplex and triplex DNA and inducing B-A transition in solution. Nucleic Acids Res 34:3670–3676.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li X, Peng Y, Ren J, Qu X. 2006b. Carboxyl-modified single-walled carbon nanotubes selectively induce human telomeric i-motif formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:19658–19663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lindberg HK, Falck GC, Suhonen S, Vippola M, Vanhala E, Catalan J, Savolainen K, Norppa H. 2009. Genotoxicity of nanomaterials: DNA damage and micronuclei induced by carbon nanotubes and graphite nanofibres in human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. Toxicol Lett 186:166–173.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lingle WL, Lukasiewicz K, Salisbury JL. 2005. Deregulation of the centrosome cycle and the origin of chromosomal instability in cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 570:393–421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malarkey EB, Parpura V. 2007. Applications of carbon nanotubes in neurobiology. Neurodegener Dis 4:292–299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandeville EC, Rieder CL. 1990. Keratin filaments restrict organelle migration into the forming spindle of newt pneumocytes. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 15:111–120.
   Google Scholar
• Mangum JB, Turpin EA, Antao-Menezes A, Cesta MF, Bermudez E, Bonner JC. 2006. Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-induced interstitial fibrosis in the lungs of rats is associated with increased levels of PDGF mRNA and the formation of unique intercellular carbon structures that bridge alveolar macrophages in situ. Part Fibre Toxicol 3:15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin W, Zhu W, Krilov G. 2008. Simulation study of noncovalent hybridization of carbon nanotubes by single-stranded DNA in water. J Phys Chem B 112:16076–16089.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masuda H, Cande WZ. 1987. The role of tubulin polymerization during spindle elongation in vitro. Cell 49:193–202.
   Google Scholar
• Maynard AD, Baron PA, Foley M, Shvedova AA, Kisin ER, Castranova V. 2004. Exposure to carbon nanotube material: Aerosol release during the handling of unrefined single-walled carbon nanotube material. J Toxicol Environ Health A 67:87–107.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazumdar M, Misteli T. 2005. Chromokinesins: Multitalented players in mitosis. Trends in Cell Biol 15:349–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazumdar M, Sundareshan S, Misteli T. 2004. Human chromokinesin KIF4A functions in chromosome condensation and segregation. J Cell Biol 166:613–620.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntosh JR, Grishchuk EL, West RR. 2002. Chromosome-microtubule interactions during mitosis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 18:193–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer RR, Scabilloni J, Wang L, Kisin E, Murray AR, Schwegler-Berry D, Shvedova AA, Castranova V. 2008. Alteration of deposition pattern and pulmonary response as a result of improved dispersion of aspirated single-walled carbon nanotubes in a mouse model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294:L87–97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer RR, Hubbs AF, Scabilloni JF, Wang L, Battelli LA, Castranova V, Porter D. 2010. Distribution and persistence of pleural penetrations by multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 181:A3102.
   Google Scholar
• Monteiro-Riviere NA, Nemanich RJ, Inman AO, Wang YY, Riviere JE. 2005. Multi-walled carbon nanotube interactions with human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 155:377–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller J, Decordier I, Hoet PH, Lombaert N, Thomassen L, Huaux F, Lison D, Kirsch-Volders M. 2008. Clastogenic and aneugenic effects of multi-wall carbon nanotubes in epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis 29:427–433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdörster G. 2010. Safety assessment for nanotechnology and nanomedicine: Concepts of nanotoxicology. J Int Med 267:89–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ochi T. 2002. Role of mitotic motors, dynein and kinesin, in the induction of abnormal centrosome integrity and multipolar spindles in cultured V79 cells exposed to dimethylarsinic acid. Mutat Res 499:73–84.
   Google Scholar
• Pacurari M, Yin XJ, Zhao J, Ding M, Leonard SS, Schwegler-Berry D, Ducatman BS, Sbarra D, Hoover MD, Castranova V, 2008. Raw single-wall carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and activate MAPKs, AP-1, NF-kappaB, and Akt in normal and malignant human mesothelial cells. Environ Health Perspect 116:1211–1217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagona G, Tagmatarchis N. 2006. Carbon nanotubes: Materials for medicinal chemistry and biotechnological applications. Curr Med Chem 13:1789–1798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pampaloni F, Florin EL. 2008. Microtubule architecture: Inspiration for novel carbon nanotube-based biomimetic materials. Trends Biotechnol 26:302–310.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pantarotto D, Briand JP, Prato M, Bianco A. 2004. Translocation of bioactive peptides across cell membranes by carbon nanotubes. Chem Commun (Camb) 1:16–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pao W, Miller V, Zakowski M, Doherty J, Politi K, Sarkaria I, Singh B, Heelan R, Rusch V, Fulton L, 2004. EGF receptor gene mutations are common in lung cancers from ‘never smokers’ and are associated with sensitivity of tumors to gefitinib and erlotinib. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:13306–13311.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson CG, Gardner MK, Paliulis LV, Salmon ED, Odde DJ, Bloom K. 2006. Measuring nanometer scale gradients in spindle microtubule dynamics using model convolution microscopy. Molec Biol Cell 17:4069–4079.
   Google Scholar
• Pihan GA, Purohit A, Wallace J, Knecht H, Woda B, Quesenberry P, Doxsey SJ. 1998. Centrosome defects and genetic instability in malignant tumors. Cancer Res 58:3974–3985.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitot HC. 1996. Stage-specific gene expression during hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 122:257–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pitot HC. 2007. Adventures in hepatocarcinogenesis. Annu Rev Pathol 2:1–29.
   Google Scholar
• Pitot HC, Campbell HA, Maronpot R, Bawa N, Rizvi TA, Xu YH, Sargent L, Dragan Y, Pyron M. 1989. Critical parameters in the quantitation of the stages of initiation, promotion, and progression in one model of hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Toxicol Pathol 17:594–611; discussion 611–612.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Poland CA, Duffin R, Kinloch I, Maynard A, Wallace WA, Seaton A, Stone V, Brown S, Macnee W, Donaldson K. 2008. Carbon nanotubes introduced into the abdominal cavity of mice show asbestos-like pathogenicity in a pilot study. Nat Nanotechnol 3:423–428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter AE, Gass M, Muller K, Skepper JN, Midgley PA, Welland M. 2007. Direct imaging of single-walled carbon nanotubes in cells. Nat Nanotechnol 2:713–717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter DW, Hubbs AF, Mercer RR, Wu N, Wolfarth MG, Sriram K, Leonard S, Battelli L, Schwegler-Berry D, Friend S, 2010. Mouse pulmonary dose- and time course-responses induced by exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicology 269:136–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prakash S, Kulamarva AG. 2007. Recent advances in drug delivery: Potential and limitations of carbon nanotubes. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul 1:214–221.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pulskamp K, Diabate S, Krug HF. 2007. Carbon nanotubes show no sign of acute toxicity but induce intracellular reactive oxygen species in dependence on contaminants. Toxicol Lett 168:58–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramachandran S, Ernst KH, Bachand GD, Vogel V, Hess H. 2006. Selective loading of kinesin-powered molecular shuttles with protein cargo and its application to biosensing. Small 2:330–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramirez P, Eastmond DA, Laclette JP, Ostrosky-Wegman P. 1997. Disruption of microtubule assembly and spindle formation as a mechanism for the induction of aneuploid cells by sodium arsenite and vanadium pentoxide. Mutat Res 386:291–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin H. 2001. Synergistic mechanisms in carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and by tobacco smoke: A bio-historical perspective with updates. Carcinogenesis 22:1903–1930.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryman-Rasmussen JP, Cesta MF, Brody AR, Shipley-Phillips JK, Everitt JI, Tewksbury EW, Moss OR, Wong BA, Dodd DE, Andersen ME, 2009. Inhaled carbon nanotubes reach the subpleural tissue in mice. Nat Nanotechnol 4:747–751.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakamoto Y, Nakae D, Fukumori N, Tayama K, Maekawa A, Imai K, Hirose A, Nishimura T, Ohashi N, Ogata A. 2009. Induction of mesothelioma by a single intrascrotal administration of multi-wall carbon nanotube in intact male Fischer 344 rats. J Toxicol Sci 34:65–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury JL. 2007. A mechanistic view on the evolutionary origin for centrin-based control of centriole duplication. J Cell Physiol 213:420–428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salisbury JL. 2008. Breaking the ties that bind centriole numbers. Nat Cell Biol 10:255–257.
   Google Scholar
• Salisbury JL, D'Assoro AB, Lingle WL. 2004. Centrosome amplification and the origin of chromosomal instability in breast cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 9:275–283.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sargent L, Shvedova AA, Hubbs AF, Lowry DT, Kashon ML, Murray A, Kisin E, Benkovic SA, Miller DB, KT, M, 2009a. Induction of aneuploidy by single walled carbon nanotubes. Toxicol Sci (Supp.)113:411.
   Google Scholar
• Sargent LM, Ensell MX, Ostvold AC, Baldwin KT, Kashon ML, Lowry DT, Senft JR, Jefferson AM, Johnson RC, Li Z, 2008. Chromosomal changes in high- and low-invasive mouse lung adenocarcinoma cell strains derived from early passage mouse lung adenocarcinoma cell strains. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 233:81–91.
   Google Scholar
• Sargent LM, Shvedova AA, Hubbs AF, Salisbury JL, Benkovic SA, Kashon ML, Lowry DT, Murray AR, Kisin ER, Friend S, 2009b. Induction of aneuploidy by single-walled carbon nanotubes. Environ Mol Mutagen 50:708–717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shvedova AA, Kisin E, Murray AR, Johnson VJ, Gorelik O, Arepalli S, Hubbs AF, Mercer RR, Keohavong P, Sussman N, 2008. Inhalation vs. aspiration of single-walled carbon nanotubes in C57BL/6 mice: Inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and mutagenesis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 295:L552–565.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shvedova AA, Kisin ER, Mercer R, Murray AR, Johnson VJ, Potapovich AI, Tyurina YY, Gorelik O, Arepalli S, Schwegler-Berry D, 2005. Unusual inflammatory and fibrogenic pulmonary responses to single-walled carbon nanotubes in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 289:L698–708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sickles DW, Sperry AO, Testino A, Friedman M. 2007. Acrylamide effects on kinesin-related proteins of the mitotic/meiotic spindle. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 222:111–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sinha N, Yeow JT. 2005. Carbon nanotubes for biomedical applications. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 4:180–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton MF, Layard M, Tegeris A, Miller E, May M, Morgan E, Smith A. 1981. Relation of particle dimension to carcinogenicity in amphibole asbestoses and other fibrous minerals. J Natl Cancer Inst 67:965–975.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taira S, Du YZ, Hiratsuka Y, Uyeda TQ, Yumoto N, Kodaka M. 2008. Loading and unloading of molecular cargo by DNA-conjugated microtubule. Biotechnol Bioeng 99:734–739.
   Google Scholar
• Takagi A, Hirose A, Nishimura T, Fukumori N, Ogata A, Ohashi N, Kitajima S, Kanno J. 2008. Induction of mesothelioma in p53+/- mouse by intraperitoneal application of multi-wall carbon nanotube. J Toxicol Sci 33:105–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam IY, Chung LP, Suen WS, Wang E, Wong MC, Ho KK, Lam WK, Chiu SW, Girard L, Minna JD, 2006. Distinct epidermal growth factor receptor and KRAS mutation patterns in non-small cell lung cancer patients with different tobacco exposure and clinicopathologic features. Clin Cancer Res 12:1647–1653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker JD, Preston RJ. 1996. Chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, aneuploidy, sister chromatid exchanges, and cancer risk assessment. Mutat Res 365:147–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Worle-Knirsch JM, Pulskamp K, Krug HF. 2006. Oops they did it again! Carbon nanotubes hoax scientists in viability assays. Nano Lett 6:1261–1268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang H, Liu C, Yang D, Zhang H, Xi Z. 2009. Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by four typical nanomaterials: The role of particle size, shape and composition. J Appl Toxicol 29:69–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeates TO, Padilla JE. 2002. Designing supramolecular protein assemblies. Curr Opin Struct Biol 12:464–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeganeh B, Kull CM, Hull MS, Marr LC. 2008. Characterization of airborne particles during production of carbonaceous nanomaterials. Environ Sci Technol 42:4600–4606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yinghuai Z, Peng AT, Carpenter K, Maguire JA, Hosmane NS, Takagaki M. 2005. Substituted carborane-appended water-soluble single-wall carbon nanotubes: New approach to boron neutron capture therapy drug delivery. J Am Chem Soc 127:9875–9880.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhapparova ON, Burakov AV, Nadezhdina ES. 2007. The centrosome keeps nucleating microtubules but loses the ability to anchor them after the inhibition of dynein-dynactin complex. Biochemistry (Mosc) 72:1233–1240.
   Google Scholar
• Zimmerman W, Doxsey SJ. 2000. Construction of centrosomes and spindle poles by molecular motor-driven assembly of protein particles. Traffic 1:927–934.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar